Kremlin High resolution. Attractions of the Moscow Kremlin and Red Square

Moscow Kremlin is the main attraction of the capital of Russia, which has a large historical, architectural and socio-political value.

There is a Kremlin in the very center of the city on a high Borovitsky hill near the Moscow River. From one side there is a Red Square, on the other - Alexandrovsky Garden.

About how to get to the Moscow Kremlin, which Kremlin sights see the first place to buy entry tickets, About the mode of operation, excursions and many other things read in this article.

History of Moscow Kremlin

The first on the territory of the modern Kremlin was settled in the Finno-Ugric tribes still in the Bronze Age. In the first century, Borovitsky Hill, which was at the intersection of important trade routes, occupied Vyatichi, and in 1156, according to the will of Prince, Yuri Dolgoruky, a typical Russian fortress with defensive fortifications - earthwoods with frequencies surrounded by deep moat was built here.

Until the middle of the 14th century, the Moscow Kremlin was wooden. With the Grand Duza, Dmitry Donskoy his walls and the towers were replaced with white-named, vending until the end of the 15th century.

Under the leadership of Italian masters in 1485-1516, new powerful fortifications from buried bricks were erected - towers and gear walls thick from three to six and a half meters, which we have the opportunity to admire and now.

Architectural ensemble

The architectural ensemble of the Moscow Kremlin makes up the golden evaluatorsky, the Arkhangelsk and Assumption Cathedrals, the Patriarch Chambers, the Church of the Chamber of Commerce, the Granovy Chamber, the Bell Tower Ivan the Great. In the XVII century, a terman palace was erected, at about the same Tower of the Kremlin acquired a modern appearance. In the XVIII century Arsenal, the Senate, the Big Kremlin Palace and the Armory of the Chamber appeared.

Unfortunately, the most ancient Savior Savior Savior on Bor, built in the 1330th and destroyed in 1933, the miracles of the monastery, founded in the 1365th and demolished in 1929, the Ascension Monastery, the Small Nikolaev palace and many other buildings. In total, during the years of Soviet power, from the 54st Kremlin structures, "alive" remains only 26.

Nevertheless, in 1990, the Kremlin was included in the list world Heritage UNESCO.

Photo - Excursion through the territory

Entrance to the territory is carried out through Kutafye Tower, topped with a beautiful openwork "crown".

Before you get to the Kremlin, you need to buy tickets in the pavilion from dark glass, which is located nearby in the Alexandrovsky Garden, pass through the "Frame" of the metal detector and the procedure for inspection of personal belongings. Large bags, suitcases and backpacks will have to be passed into the storage chamber.

Kutafia Tower, previously surrounded by the river and the moat, defended approaches to the Trinity Tower.

After passing through the Trinity Bridge, let's look at the multi-tiered Troitskaya Tower and on the other hand. Her height is 80 meters, it is the highest tower of the Kremlin.

On the right in the photo - arsenal, erected by order of Peter the first. It was assumed that the building would be used as a military warehouse and trophy repository. Nowadays, the administrative services of the Kremlin Comferential Comfusion and the barracks of the presidential regiment are deployed here.

Left - the State Kremlin Palace (earlier - the Palace of Congresses), built in 1961. Hold Home here Christmas tree Countries undergo concerts and ballet performances.

The walls of the arsenal contain historical tools - the collection of old Russian and foreign cannons, military trophies of the Patriotic War of 1812.

Now let's go to the Senate Square.

The building of the Senate, built on the project of architect M.F. Kazakova, has a triangle shape. In Soviet years, there was a working office and apartment V.I. Lenin, Workers Cabinets I.V. Stalin, L.I. Brezhneva, M.S. Gorbachev. Nowadays, the Senate contains the official residence of the President of the Russian Federation.

The appearance of about the same point in the other side - to Trinity Square and the Kremlin Cathedrals.

The king cannon, to look at which it is necessary to, stands at the Trinity Square and Patriarch Chambers with the Church of the Twelve Apostles.

The powerful gun was manufactured in 1586. This is the largest gun in the world, an outstanding sample of Russian weapons art. Its caliber is 890 mm, weight - 40 tons.

At the foot of the bell tower there is another giant - a king bell, cast in the 18th century. Its weight is 202 tons, diameter - 6.6 meters. The king of the bell was cast right away, in the territory of Ivanovo Square. A piece from the bell slept during a large fire in the Kremlin.

From the south side to the Ivanovo Square, the Big Kremlin Square and the Tainitsky Garden are adjacent.

Unfortunately, it is impossible to walk all over the garden - this is a regime object. But still, something interesting is visible: for example, an aviary for falcons-Sapsanov, Hawk-wellkeepers and Filin, which is kept specifically to chase raven and pigeons. Or here is the helicopter platform for the president and the Prime Minister, equipped not so long ago.

The view from the square to the ensemble of the bell tower Ivan the Great. Most. high building Moscow Kremlin Bell Tower has become at Boris Godunov, who ordered it to be addressed in 1600 to a height of 81 m. You can go upstairs in the summer, buying a separate ticket.

From April to October on Saturdays at 12-00 Cathedral Square The ceremony of the equestrian and walking divorce of the presidential regiment passes. Viewing the ceremonial is included in the price of a single ticket to visit the territory of the Kremlin and the Council of Museums of the Cathedral Square.

Assumption Cathedral, built on the project of the Italian architect Aristotle Phiorewanti, four centuries was the main temple of Russia - here they were married to the kingdom Ivan the Terrible and other kings, the emperors were crowned. Many Patriarchs and Metropolitans are buried in the Assumption Cathedral.

In the photo - the Arkhangelsk Cathedral, erected in 1505-1508 in honor of Archangel Mikhail Venetsian Alasis New.

Entrance to the Archangel Cathedral. In the Temple-Tsarist Tsarrotnica there are 54 burials of the saints, princes, kings and their wives, including St. Tsarevich Dmitry Uglichsky, Moscow Princes Vasily Dark, Dmitry Donskoy, Ivan Kalita, kings Ivan Grozny and Alexey Mikhailovich.

Annunciation Cathedral - one of their oldest in the Kremlin territory, was built by Pskov masters in 1484-1489. A small temple size was used as the house church of Russian sovereigns.

In the blockage of the Annunciation Cathedral there is an interesting exhibition "Vlasts and antiquities of the Moscow Kremlin".

The Granovy Chamber, one of the oldest civilian buildings of Moscow, in the royal times served as the main front desk, a place for meetings of the Boyar City Council, the meetings of the Zemsky Cathedrals. Now this is the representative of the residence of the President of the Russian Federation.

The grain chamber is called, since it is lined with blocks having 4 faces.

In the corner of the Cathedral Square, the Veroshospassky Cathedral is located, part of the ancient terman palace, the eastern facade of the Golden Tsaritsyn Chamber and the church of the county - the house temple of Moscow Metropolitans and Patriarchs.

From the Cathedral Square we move to the Greater Kremlin Palace, built in the 19th century. The Palace ensemble includes about 700 rooms, including Georgievsky, Vladimir, Andreevsky, Aleksandrovsky and Catherine Hall, the Golden Tsaritsyn Chamber, Malachite Foye, the Cabinet and the Bedroom of Emperors, Nine Churches and the Terem Palace.

Since the Big Kremlin Palace is a parade residence of the President of the Russian Federation, it is possible to get there only as part of the group from the organization by prior request filed in a month.

Near the BKD there is a weapon chamber - a museum with immetic wealth: old gold and silver jewelry and other products, weapons, armor, state regalia, a collection of carriages. Here you can see the monoma hat, scepters, powers, thrones, coronation dresses and parade royal clothes.

In the same building there is a diamond fund - the national treasury of Russia, the repository of precious stones and nuggets, the front jewelry jewelry of the Russian kings and emperors. It is here that the large imperial crown is located on the occasion of Catherine II coronation. The crown is decorated with 5000 diamonds, 75 large pearls and a very large rare dark red spinel gem.

View from the Armory of the Water Road, Borovitskaya Tower and the Church of Christ the Savior.

The funny palace - the chambers of Boyarin Miloslavsky are better visible from the Alexander Garden, it is located at the Kremlin wall between Trinity and Commandant tower. In 1672, fun here were suitable - ideas for the fun of the kings, which gave the name of the Palace. With Peter the first, a police order was located in a rash palace, and in our days, the services of the commandanta.

How to get to the Kremlin

On the public transport: Nearest metro stations - Lenin Library, Alexandrovsky Garden, Borovitskaya and Arbatskaya Blue Arbatsky-Pokrovskaya Line. Also before the Kremlin it is easy to walk from many central stations: a ochered row, the area of \u200b\u200brevolution, theater and others.

Opening hours

Territory of the Kremlin and Cathedral Museums of Cathedral Square:

from May 16 to September 30 - daily, except Thursday, from 9-30 to 18-00 (cash registers work from 9-00 to 16-30)
from October 1 to May 15 - daily, except Thursday, from 10-00 to 17-00 (cash registers work from 9-30 to 16-00)

The Armory Works on sessions from 10-00 to 18-00 daily, except Thursday. The beginning of the sessions - 10-00, 12-00, 14-30, 16-30

Diamond Fund - daily, except Thursday, from 10-00 to 17-20 on sessions. Break - from 13-00 to 14-00. The duration of the session is 40 minutes. Tickets for morning sessions start at 9-00, for evening - at 13-00. Morning sessions: 10-00, 10-20, 10-40, 11-00, 11-20, 12-00, 12-20. Evening sessions: 14-00, 15-00, 15-20, 16-00, 16-20, 16-40, 17-00, 17-20.

On holidays, the diamond fund does not work. Read more about the mode of operation - on the official website: gokhran.ru/ru/diamond-fund/contacts.phtml

Rarely, but it happens that access to the Kremlin is closed in connection with solemn events, meetings of heads of foreign states, receptions on the occasion public holidays and other events.

Ticket price

Single ticket (territory, cathedrals, exhibitions) - Visit to the territory of the Kremlin, Cathedral Museums of the Cathedral Square, exhibition halls Patriarch chambers, exposition "Vlada and Antiquities of the Moscow Kremlin" in the bondage of the Annunciation Cathedral, exhibitions of a wooden sculpture in the church of rizpunity, exposition in the exhibition of the Arkhangelsk Cathedral:

adults - 500 rubles
russian students and retirees - 250 rubles, without the possibility of inspection of museums (only territory) - free
children under 16, members of large families, disabled days of the 1st and 2nd groups and a friend Preferential categories of citizens - for free
for persons who have not reached 18 years old, the second Tuesday of each month is free
on days cultural heritage single ticket free for everyone

Unified tickets for sale online on the official website of the Moscow Kremlin Kreml.ru (except free and preferential) and at the office in the Alexandrovsky Garden on the day of visiting.

- Visit is carried out on a separate ticket, the price includes audiogide:

adults - 700 rubles
russian students and pensioners - 350 rubles
children under 16, members of large families, disabled days of the 1st and 2nd groups and other preferential categories of citizens - for free

Admission tickets to the weapon chamber are sold on the day of visits in the presence of tickets at the box office in the Alexandrovsky Garden and via the Internet on the official website of the Moscow Kremlin Kreml.ru (except free and preferential).

Attention! Acquisition of online tickets to a specific session does not guarantee the receipt of additional free or preferential tickets on the same session on the day of visiting the museum. Free and preferential tickets are issued only if they have them at the box office, in the order of the general queue. The museum throughput does not allow to allocate an unlimited ticket for each session.

Diamond fund - You can buy tickets at the box office number 4 and No. 5 in the Alexandrovsky Garden on the day of visits to a certain session. The ticket price includes a tour.

adults - 500 rubles
schoolchildren, students, pensioners, members of large families - 100 rubles
disabled children, disabled persons with disabilities 1 and 2 groups and other preferential categories of citizens - free

The number of tickets for each session is limited.

If you want to visit only the Armory Chamber and / or the Diamond Fund - the entrance is possible through the Borovitskaya Tower.

The queue in the box office and the entrance is least in the cold season on weekdays, most of all - in the warm season in good weather On weekends, especially on Saturday in the first half of the day - because of the opportunity to see the ceremonial of the divorce guard at the Cathedral Square.

Excursions

The Kremlin excursion center offers review and thematic excursions through the territory of the Kremlin, the Armory Chamber, Museum Cathedrals and Museum Expositions for organized groups and individual visitors as part of the national team.

Prices for excursions in the Moscow Kremlin, the order of registration and payment of excursions, see the official website: Kreml.ru

Free Mobile Guide on the Kremlin - Izi.Travel/ru/7CCE-MOSKVA-KREML/RU

Photography

Amateur photo and video shooting in the Museum Cathedrals, Armory and Diamond Fund Forbidden.

Irina Viktorovna Pasynkova

Dear colleagues. At the thematic week dedicated to Moscow, the guys and I listened to the songs about your beloved capital, told poems, read literary works, carefully considered illustrations and albums with image The attractions of the main city of the country. Moscow Kremlin - one of the main attractions of the capital, the greatest monument The stories of our Motherland, the ingenious creation of Russian national culture, beautiful and complex architectural ensemble. At the class of fine art Guys learned to draw Kremlin. I suggest you master Class, in my opinion, not difficult images of the Kremlin.

On the landscape sheet, we indicate a simple pencil two horizontal lines. Line Line, Upper Wall Kremlin. It is located below the middle of the sheet. (I fix the knowledge of spatial representations)

In the middle, draw a central tower and columns (I fix the knowledge of geometric shapes)

Now we perform the composition in color

Here is the image of the Kremlin turned out

Publications on the topic:

Developed: Personal Profile: Personal Profile City: Personal Profile City: Personal Educational Institution Educational Institution: MBOU DOD Center.

The abstract of creative classes on the visual arts "Friends for Cheburashka" The abstract of creative classes on the visual arts "Friends for Cheburashka". Purpose: Create conditions for the formation of a creative initiative.

Abstract Classes on Fine Arts "Wonderful Summer" The abstract classes on the visual arts "Wonderful Summer" prepared the teacher of the additional education of Chumbov Evgeny Vladimirovna.

The abstract of the lesson on the pictorial art of Easter still life with the use of EOR (with a presentation) The purpose of the lesson: to organize the activities of students to consolidate knowledge about the technology of phased drawing and work with a sketch, acquaintance.

Abstract Classes B. senior group According to the pictorial creativity "Autumn trees" software content: - Food tasks: continue.

Overlooked combined lesson on folk creativity and visual art at school 8 of the "Miracles of the box" Topic: Miracles of the box Form: Lesson - Travel equipment: 1. Exhibition of Easter eggs, Pictures 2. Tape recorder 3. Musical instruments.

Plan-abstract lesson on visual art: "LED ornament" Plan-abstract lesson on visual art activities: image on the plane. Educational problem: composition. Theme of the lesson:.

Author: The list of desired points was very cut - they did not allow shooting from the roofs of buildings, they were not allowed to rise to some towers, but most importantly, the Kremlin wall was left. Take a walk on the Kremlin walls, climbing the inaccessible towers, was mine long-standing dreamAnd now she was realized! In the first part, I will lay out a walk along the walls of the Kremlin.

01. This is the staircase leads to the Spasskaya Tower. There are two sites on the tower, one under the clock, the second above.

02. Dawn.

03.

04.

05. A little approach ...

06. View of the Red Square from the Spasskaya Tower.

07. Historical Museum and mausoleum.

08. On the perimeter of the Kremlin wall there is a track. Along it, pipes are laid with some communications, as well as elements of illumination and security systems.

09. Wall. View from the Konstantino Elelenian Tower.

10. Behind the wall, everything is not so beautiful as in tourist zones. For example, the Beklemishev tower is complicated by some garbage. On the left you can see the mount for the Kremlin Christmas tree.

11.

12.

13. The symbol of Moscow on the building of the Senate

14. As I said, the backlight is standing on the wall. Walk freely there is difficult.

15. Staircase in one of the towers. Most are empty towers inside, there is electrical equipment and communications.

16.

17.

18. Playground on the Townist Tower.

19.

20. Despite a large number of Sensors and cameras, urban crazy sometimes try to take the wall by storm.

21. Blagoveshchenskaya Tower

22.

23.

24. The Kremlin Wall between the Commandat and Trinity Towers is an interesting civilian building of the middle of the XVII century. - The so-called sweetest palace.

25. In the XIX century. In the drosst palace, the commandant of Moscow lived, in the XX VU - here was the first Kremlin apartment I.V. Stalin (until 1932). The racing palace is the only preserved in the Kremlin architectural monument Boyarsky housing.

26. Cameras.

27. Commandant Tower

28. Borovitskaya Tower. Interestingly, according to the decree of Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich, the Borovitskaya Tower was renamed the Forerunner at the Name of the Church of the Nativity of St. John the Bar. However, the old name of the tower still survived and reached our days.

29. My shadow.

30. View of S. observation deck Borovitsky Tower on the Armory Chamber and BKD.

31.

32.

33. "House on the Embankment"

34.

35. Wall, view from the tower.

36.

37.

38.

39.

40. Surprisingly, there is a gate on the wall. Here they need so that the musicians of the Presidential Orchestra, located in the Troitskaya Tower, could not escape;)

41.

42. And this is a greenhouse, in it growing plants, which adorn the interiors of the premises of the Kremlin.

43. And here is a musician.

44. Arsenal.

45. There are a lot of inscriptions on the pipes, they left the soldiers who carried the service here.

46.

47. Eternal Flame Fame at the Grave of the Unknown Soldier

48.

49.

50. Grotto "Ruins" in the Alexandrovsky Garden

51.

52.

53.

54.

55.

56.

57. The doors in the old tower)

58.

59.

60.

61.

62.a is the royal tower. A small turret is put straight on the wall in the 80s of the XVII century between the Spasskaya and the Battle Tower of the Kremlin. Her octahedral tent on the jug-like pillars is reminded by the rustling of stone residential chorus spread at this time.

63. The name of the tower is associated with the legend, according to which she served as a kind of canopy over the royal throne, from where the Sovereign of All Russia could watch the events on Red Square from the Kremlin. View from her bad.

64.

65.

66. Staircase in one of the towers.

67.

68.

69.

70. And this is a sunset from the Spasskaya Tower.

71.

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Wednesday, February 24, 2016

Everyone was already heard about the fact that the Kremlin was white. A lot of articles have already been written about it, but people are still managed to argue. But when did you get it, and when they stopped? On this issue, approval in all articles disagree, as well as thoughts in the heads of people. Some write that you began to beat in the 18th century, the other, which is still at the beginning of 17, are third trying to bring evidence that the Kremlin walls did not whine at all. The phrase is replicated everywhere that the Kremlin was white until 1947, and then Suddenly Stalin ordered him to repaint him in red. Was it so? Let's finally put all the points above and, the benefit of the sources enough, and picturesque, and photographic.

We understand the color of the Kremlin: red, white, when and why -\u003e

So, the current Kremlin was built by Italians at the end of the 15th century, and, of course, they did not whine him. The fortress retained the natural color of the red brick, in Italy there are several similar, the closest analogue - Sforza Castle in Milan. Yes, and to glorify fortification structures in those times it was dangerous: when the cannonic core falls into the wall, the brick is damaged, the whims crepts, and it is clearly visible to a vulnerable place where the wall should be rehearsed.

So, one of the first images of the Kremlin, where his color is clearly visible - Simon Ushakov icon "praised the Vladimir icon of the Mother of God. The tree of the Russian state. She was written in 1668, and the Kremlin is red here.

For the first time, in written sources, the whims of the Kremlin is mentioned in 1680.
Historian Bartenev, in the book "Moscow Kremlin in Starin and Now" writes: "In a memorandum, filed on July 7, 1680, in the name of the king, it is said that the strengthening of the Kremlin" not Belena ", and the Spasskit Gate" were spelled out to be insoled and Belil in brick". In the note I was asked: to select the walls of the Kremlin, leave them how to eat or paint "in a brick" as a Spasskit Gate? The king commanded to choose the Kremlin lime ... "
So, at least since the 1680s, our main fortress was blenel.

1766 year. Picture of P. Balabin in Engraving M. Makhaev. The Kremlin is clearly white here.

1797, Gerard Debart.

1819, artist Maxim Vorobyov.

In 1826, French writer and playwright Francois Ansel, he described the White Kremlin in his memoirs: "We will leave the Kremlin, my dear Xavier; But, looking back at this ancient citadel, I will regret that by correcting the destruction applied by an explosion, the builders removed from the walls of the century-old patina, attached to them so much greeting. White paint, hiding cracks, gives the Kremlin the visibility of youth, which is not suitable for its shape and jumping his past. "

1830, artist Ruh.

1842, Dagerotype of Lurabura, the first documentary image of the Kremlin.

1850, Josef Andreas Weiss.

1852, one of the very first photographs of Moscow, the Church of Christ the Savior is built, and the walls of the Kremlin are whitewashed.

1856, preparation for the coronation of Alexander II. To this event, the plain plays were updated, the designs on the waterway tower are a frame for illumination.

The same is 1856, the view in the opposite side, the closest to us - the Tainytskaya Tower with a shooter overlooking the embankment.

Photo of 1860.

Photo of 1866.

1866-67 year.

1879, artist Peter Vereshchagin.

1880, picture of the English school of painting. The Kremlin is still white. In all previous images we conclude that kremlin Wall Along the river was descended in the 18th century, and remained white until the 1880s.

1880s, Konstantino-Elegenian Tower of the Kremlin from the inside. The glasses gradually sat down, and exposes red-brick walls.

1884, wall along the Alexandrovsky Garden. The whops were very crumbled, only the teeth rented.

1897, artist Nesterov. The walls are closer to red than to white.

1909, grinding walls with spontaneous residues.

The same 1909, the water tower still keeps the whitewash. Most likely it was whitic than the remaining walls. Of the several previous photos, it becomes clear that the walls and most towers were last spooled in the 1880s.

1911. Grotto in the Alexandrovsky Garden and the average arsenal tower.

1911, artist Jun. In reality, the walls were, of course, a longer shade, the divorces from the blots are more explicit than in the picture, but the total gamma is already red.

1914, Konstantin Korovin.

Pystroy and sloping Kremlin in the photograph of the 1920s.

And on the waterway tower, the whims were still held, the mid-1930s.

The end of the 1940s, the Kremlin after restoration to the 800th anniversary of Moscow. Here the tower is clearly red, with white items.

And two more color photographs of the 1950s. Somewhere crawled, somewhere left the sloping walls. There was no total repainting in red.

1950s These two photos are taken from here: http://humus.livejournal.com/4115131.html

Spasskaya Tower

But on the other hand, everything turned out to be so simple. Some towers are knocked out of the overall chronology of blissing.

1778, Red Square on the picture of Friedrich Hilferding. Spasskaya tower red with white details, however, the walls of the Kremlin are whiten.

1801, Watercolor Fedor Alekseeva. Even with all the pictures of the picturesque gamma, it can be seen that the Spasskaya Tower was still twisted at the end of the 18th century.

And after the fire of 1812, a red color returned. This is a picture of the English masters, 1823. Walls are invariably white.

1855, artist shchevostov. If you look good, it can be seen that the colors of the wall and the towers differ, the tower is darker and red.

View from Zamoskvorechye to the Kremlin, a picture of an unknown artist, mid-19th century. Here the Spasskaya Tower is again superimposed, most likely to celebrations on the occasion of the coronation of Alexander II in 1856.

Photo of the early 1860s. White tower.

Another photo of the beginning is the mid-1860s. The whirlwind of the tower somewhat crept.

The end of the 1860s. And here suddenly the tower again painted red.

1870s. Red tower.

1880s. Red paint is delivered, somewhere visible again painted places, patchwork. After 1856, the Spasskaya Tower was never whisked.

Nikolskaya Tower

1780s, Friedrich Hilferding. The Nikolskaya Tower is still without a gothic top, decorated with early cessary decor, red, with white details. In 1806-07, the tower was prescribed, in 1812 he was undermined by the French, destroyed almost half, and was restored in the late 1810s.

1823, Fresh Nikolskaya Tower after recovery, red.

1883, White Tower. Perhaps they twisted it with Spasskaya, to the coronation of Alexander II. And they updated the blown to the coronation of Alexander III in 1883.

1912 The White Tower remained up to the revolution.

1925 year. The tower is already red with white items. She became the result of the restoration of 1918, after revolutionary damage.

Troitskaya Tower

1860s. White tower.

On the watercolor of the English painting school of 1880, the tower gray, such a color gives the driving whims.

And in 1883 the tower is already red. Painted or cleaned from blissing, most likely to the coronation of Alexander III.

Let's summarize. According to documentary sources, the Kremlin first twisted in 1680, in the 18th and 19th centuries he was white, with the exception of Spasskaya, Nikolskaya and Trinity towers at certain periods. The walls of the last time were twisted in the early 1880s, at the beginning of the 20th century, the blots were updated only on the Nikolskaya Tower, perhaps on the waterway. Since then, the packers gradually crumbled and washed away, and by 1947 the Kremlin naturally accepted the ideologically faithful red color, in some places during the restoration of it was tint.

Kremlin walls today

Photo: Ilya Varlamov

To date, in some places, the Kremlin retains the natural color of red bricks, possibly with light toning. These are the 19th century bricks, the result of another restoration.

Wall from the river side. It is clearly seen that bricks are painted in red. Photo from Blog Ilya Varlamov

All old photos, if not specified other, taken from https://pastvu.com/

Alexander Ivanov worked on the publication.

Moscow Kremlin - the oldest part of Moscow, the main socio-political and historical and art complex of the city, the official residence of the President Russian Federation. The first settlements on the territory of the Moscow Kremlin are a bronze century (II millennium BC). The modern Arkhangelsk Cathedral found the Finno-Ugric settlement belonging to the early Iron Venus (the second half of the first 1 millennium BC).

Below you will see a chic reconstruction in the form of excellent photos, which show how the Kremlin looked 300 and 200 years ago. And before that, very briefly run on history. Well, the dock is also waiting for the most inquisitive. The film "Unknown Kremlin".
In the distant times, the first settlement of the future Moscow appeared in the place of challenged in Moscow-River in Borovitsky Cape. In 1147, Prince Yuri Dolgoruky gave his feast here. This chronicle mention entered the story as the year of the foundation of our capital.

Already at that time, the settlement surrounded the shaft and wooden walls. In this place, Yuri Dolgoruky in 1156 places the fortress that became the famous Moscow Kremlin.
Fires in Moscow at that time were a frequent occasion. In 1337, almost the entire city was grown, so by 1340 the Kremlin was surrounded by new oak walls.
The next fire of 1354 again destroys the Kremlin. The re-event occurs after another 10 years. The rulers of the city acutely had a need to solve this problem.
Dmitry Ivanovich decides to surround the Kremlin stone fortifications. Begins tight work on the delivery of limestone, and since 1368, white-stone walls are towering in the city.

The modern view of the Kremlin was formed in 1485-1495 at the initiative of Ivan III. The construction involved a huge number of best architects "All Russia". Also on the construction of walls and towers of the fortress, Italian masters in the construction of defensive structures were involved. The Italians at the time were built Moscow everywhere, but nevertheless, the Russian ideas were not killed, there was no inherent influence.
The first Townitskaya Tower in the Kremlin was built in 1485 by Anton Fryazin. Here were secured by secret passages to the river and the well, providing defenders of the fortress with water.

In 1487, the South-Eastern corner took the Beklemishev Round Tower Marco Fryazin. A little later, all other Kremlin towers were built.

Watches of the Spasskaya Tower of the Moscow Kremlin
The people were revered by the main gate of the Frolov Tower. Through them did not take place on horseback and covered head. Later, the Franov Tower was renamed Spasskaya because of the Savior Savior Savior Smolensky and Savior Savior. According to documents, the main hours of the state in this tower appeared in 1491.
In 1625, the clock was replaced with new ones. The master made Christopher his head, and Kirill Samoilov cast 30 bells for them.
Another update of the clock has passed under Peter I. With the transition to a single daily bill of time on the Spasskaya Tower, Dutch clock with 12 divisions were entrenched. But after the fire of 1737 I had to move away from the honorary post.
The clock of our time was installed in 1852 by the brothers Butenop.

February revolution near the walls of the Kremlin

Ruby stars of the Moscow Kremlin
In 1935, stainless steel stars lined with red gold-plated copper are installed on the tops of the Spasskaya, Nikolskaya, Borovitsky and Trinity towers. In the center of stars there is a 2-meter sickle and hammer emblem, decorated with precious stones. To install the stars, I even had to rebuild a little towers. Anyway, in two years, the stones on the stars fused, and in 1937 a decision was made to install ruby \u200b\u200bstars.
The Moscow Kremlin is a symbol of the Russian Federation, revered by all its population and attracts foreign tourists who want to plunge into the history of our great country.