National Historic Park L'Hens-O-Medical Park. L`s-o-medical station - Viking settlement in America

The official date of opening of America is 1492 AD, when Christopher Columbus first stepped on the lands of the new continent. However, modern archaeological finds forced many historians to griely admit that America was opened by Europeans for 400 years earlier - in the Epoch of Vikings. L'Aans-O-Meduse - found an ancient settlement of Vikings in Canada - Nakhodka, which probably puts a point in disputes about the opening of America's Vikings.

In fact, the fact that the Vikings visited the territory of modern Canada - no longer a secret for anyone. This is written in detail in their chronicles. It all started with the fact that about 860 AD. Medieval scandinavian marigors During swimming, west opened the island, most of which was covered with ice, and called it Iceland ("Ice Country"), founding the colony there and organizing trade with the continent. Somehow times the rook of the Vikings, heading for Iceland, because of the storm came down from the course, and her team was thrown off the west, where they saw the island, which is now called Greenland. Returning to his tribesmen, the team confused from the course of the ship told about the new lands seen. Rumors about new lands heard the famous Norwegian Viking Eric Redhead, who, together with his team, organized the research of the North-Western lands, and after a long swimming really discovered the island called by Greenland. Returning to the continent, Eric gathered volunteers to colonize the new land, and in 986 the group of immigrants landed on the shores of Greenland, where he founded the colony and set up trade with Scandinavia.

It is interesting: translated Greenland means " Green land" There is a bewilderment, why are such non-smart cold lands named Eric's digging "green earth"? There are two versions on this. Perhaps during the Middle Ages the climate in those places was softer, so Eric Redheads could well see the shores of the island in the summer season, overgrown with green trees. According to another version, Scandinavina attractive title Just "advertised" the place among other Vikings to encourage them to organize a colony.

Looking at this photo, it is unlikely that Greenland "Green Island" can be called

Based on the settlement on the island of Greenland, Vikings sooner or later would certainly discovery the land of North America. This happened at the very end of the first millennium of our era, when one of the ships came down from the course and discovered new lands. Soon several expeditions were sent to them and about 1000 AD. On the Earth of the New World entered the first European - Leif Erickson - the son of Erica Redhead.

Winland - that was the so called the land of North America in the writings of Scandinavian scraps. Of these, we learn the history of the colonization of Greenland by Eric Ginger (which was subsequently confirmed by radiocarbon analysis of archaeological finds) and the opening of new territories outside of Greenland. The records also say that the Vikings took two attempts to establish colonies on new lands, but both of them ended. Probably the reason for the outcome of Europeans from the shores of Winlands served as shocks with local tribes and internal differences. Later, the Vikings left with the Island of Greenland (most likely, because of the climate changed towards the cooling).

Medieval Scandinavian Card with the alleged image of Winland (North America)

Until recently, Viking Sagy about Winland was considered fiction, although very believable. Basically, due to the fact that archaeologists could not find any traces of European settlements dated 1000 AD. Researcher Helge Markus Ingest all his life tried to discover the settlement of the Viking, which they should have established eastern coast North America. Finally, in 1960, luck turned to the researcher. In a small village of L`s-o-medical seeds, traces of forges, dugouts, bronze fasteners and rivets were discovered. Immediately an assumption that was the most settlement that was founded by Leif Erickson. Currently, the Viking Settlement on the US Continent is included in the UNESCO World Heritage List and is under special protection as a unique historical monument And one of the most important evidence of visiting the Vikings of the American coast long to Christopher Columbus.

L`ans-o-medical modern reconstruction Viking settlements B. North Americacreated on the site of archaeological excavations

It is interesting: another confirmation of the visit to Vikingami America is the remains of a girl found in Iceland and studied in 2011. It turned out that the age of the remains dates from about 1000 years and they have Indian origin. Perhaps with this finding archaeologists discovered the first American, which produced in the European continent, sailing back in the Viking Roil.

The search for this settlement is partly similar to the search for Troy, except that there are not so many minds beat over the rid of this riddles. One researcher from Norway named Helge Markus Ingestad for many years tried to find the land that mad in the saga was called "Winland". The search for a rather large territory from the Hudson Strait in the north to Long Island (New York) in the south is given. The task was not the lungs, but in the end, Ingesta was waiting for success. In 1960, the settlement was discovered.

It dates back to the X-XI centuries and is located in Canada, in the province of Newfoundland and Labrador. This place is famous for the fact that it is evidence of the very first and early emergence of European people in North America. Consisting of eight houses that were essentially dugouts built on a wooden frame and coated peat, and forge, it was not inhabitable. As experts say, about 50-100 people who lived here left the island just a few years after profits.

In addition to the dwelling during the excavations, different household items were found iron rivets, bronze clasps and other items.

L'Hens-o-medical (Dismist. English L "ANSE AUX MEADOWS from fr. L "anse-aux-méduses, letters. The "Bay of Medusz") is a historical and archaeological monument in the province of Newfoundland and Labrador (Canada), where, according to the excavation, there was the first in North America and the Western hemisphere the European settlement of the Vikings of the late XI century. It was the most western settlement of Vikings.

Before the settlement was discovered, the Norwegian researcher Helge Markus Ingestad for many years tried to find the land, which in Sagakh was as "Winland". Find this settlement Ingestad expects at a high distance - from the Hudsonov Strait in the north to the Gulf of St. Lawrence in the south, and even south - to New York Long Island. In the end, in 1960, the researcher was waiting for success. Whether these excavations are a settlement based on Leif Ericsson approximately in 1003, still remains a mystery.

Excavations

French settlers who arrived in the territory of the future Quebec, and surprised were surprised from the Iroquois about the existence of the mysterious kingdom of a sage, where people allegedly lived with white skin and blond hair that had a lot of gold and fur. Attempts to find the kingdom turned out to be unsuccessful; Later in his honor was called the city of Sage in Quebec.

In the 1960s, in a small fishing village of L'Hens-Mercuis on the island of Newfoundland, which in the XVI -XVII centuries rebuilt the French and replaced their British, 8 dugouts were found and forge. Bronze fasteners, iron rippers and other items found during the excavations went to the exhibition in Washington and New York under the name "Vikings: North Atlantic Saga".

According to the suggestions of scientists, the Vikings, who founded the settlement in L'Hens-Hercuz, arrived from neighboring Greenland, where Eric Redhead is shortly before that () founded the Normanov colony. It is estimated that no more than 50-100 people lived on Newfoundland, who had left the island in a few years.

The Colony of Scandinavians on the island of Greenland turned out to be more durable, having existed for about 5 centuries, but due to the cooling of climate, as well as other unknown science of factors, disappeared at the end - the beginning of the XVI centuries. In the XIII century, during its heyday, the number of Scandinavians in Greenland, apparently reached 5 thousand people.

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Excerpt characterizing l'ans-o-medical

Update in the "my" room, I, like a milk, fell on the bed. There was no more tears. There was only a terrible, naked emptiness and a blinding soul despair ...
I could not, I didn't want to believe what is happening! .. And although I waited for this day a day, now I could not realize anything, neither accept this terrible, inhuman reality. I did not want to come in the morning ... it had to bring only horror, and I have no longer left the past "hard confidence" in that I could not having broken all this without betraying my father and myself ... the feeling of guilt For his torn life, the mountain fell over ... The pain, finally, stunned, breaking in the shreds my exterpassed heart ...
To his huge surprise (and wild chagrin !!!) I jumped out of the noise outside the door and realized that ... I slept! How could it happen?!. How could I sleep at all ??? But apparently, our imperfect human body, in some very serious life moments, without submitting to our desires, was protected by itself to survive. So I, but I can not transfer more suffering, just "left" in peace to save his dying soul. And now it was too late - they came for me to spend me on the execution of my father ...
The morning was bright and clear. In the pure blue sky, curly white clouds were highly floated, the sun rose victorious, joyfully and bright. The day promised to be wonderful and sunny, as the coming spring itself! And among all this fresh, awakened life, only my exhausted soul peelled and moaning, immersed in a deep, cold, hopeless darkness ...
In the middle of a small square with the sun, where the indoor crew was drove me, rided in advance, "ready-to-use", a huge fire ... internally shuddering, I looked at him, unable to take my eyes. The courage left me, forcing, fear. I did not want to see what was happening. It promised to be terrible ...
The square was gradually filled with gloomy, snagged people. They, only wokeered, forced to watch someone else's death, and it did not give them too much pleasure ... Rome had long stopped enjoying the bonsnesses of the Inquisition. If at the beginning of someone else interested other people's flour, now, several years later, people were afraid that tomorrow, any of them could be at the fire. And the indigenous Romans, trying to avoid trouble, left their hometown ... Leave Rome. Since the beginning of the board of Karaffy, only about half of the inhabitants remained in the city. In it, if possible, not wanted to remain any more or less normal person. And it was easy to understand - Karaff was not considered anyone. Whether it is a simple man or a royal blood prince (and sometimes even his cardinal holy Church! ..) - Dad did not stop anything. People for him did not have any value nor meaning. They were just pleasing or not as his "holy" gaze, well, and the rest has already been made extremely simple - "not a good" man went to the fire, and his wealth replenished the treasury his beloved, Holy Church ...
Suddenly I felt a soft touch - it was a father! .. Standing, already tied, in a nightmarish pillar, he gently rushed with me ...

One of the legends says that one day the sword of Vikings, following the goods, got into the storm and turned out to be a west of the scheduled course. There the sailors found the island. Rumors about this event reached the Norwegian Viking Eric Redhead. He collected the team and went to explore new lands, where in fact and saw the island, subsequently called them.

Volunteers-immigrants from the continent founded the colony there, began to trade with Scandinavia, and at the end of the first millennium they found unknown land And they called them wine.

Until the middle of the last century, the saga about Vikings and Winland was considered a believable fiction. And finally in 1960, the researcher Helge Markus Ingstad discovered in the small Canadian village of the real settlement of Vikings with dugouts, forge and masterfully. There was a different small inventory: bronze rivets, fasteners, grinding stones, knitting needles.

What to see in l'ans-o-medical station?

Nowadays, the unique historical L'Hens-o-medical station is under the protection of the state. Some buildings were reconstructed here. Tourists can see costume sketches from the life of Vikings. The museum is open and visiting which, you will learn everything about the real plates of America and about the Norwegian researcher who confirmed this fact.

How to get to l'ans-o-medical station?

If you want to get to the historic park, then from the city, the capital of the province of Newfoundland and Labrador, you can go on a plane to St. Anthony, which is located near L'Hens-O-Meduse. In flight you will spend about 1 hour. 20 minutes. You can come here by car by car, following the TRANS-Canada Hwy / NL-1 W and NL-430 N, while you will spend about 11.5 hours on the road.

Many of you were probably heard that Christopher Columbus with comrades was not the first European reached the shores of America - the brave Vikings were already there. Many have heard, but not many know where the sailors scandinavans were landed.

At the very northernmost point of the northernmost P-Va (this is the uncomplicated name) of the Island of New Foundland, L'Anse Aux Meadows islands (L'Anse Aux Meadows) is located where in 1960, the Norwegian researcher Helg Ingstadt (Helge Ingstad) with spouse Anna Stine (Anne Stine) discovered the remains of the settlement of the 11th century. According to the nature of the buildings and a number of the found artifacts, they came to the conclusion that the settlement found by them was built by the Vikings sailing from Greenland. Researchers conducted their searches based on the ancient Scandinavian sagas, where the campaigns of Greenland in the mysterious country of Vinland were mentioned. Apparently, called "Vinland" it was implied not how much the coast of Newfoundland, but rather the entire coast of the Bay of St. Lavrain south. As the Scandinavian saga says, the Vikings settlement near D "Ans-o-medical station founded Leif Erickson and it served as a transshipment base for trips to the bay in the course of about 10 years and all this time the population did not exceed hundreds of people. Thousand years ago North New -Fainland was not such as today - wetlands, and covered with forests and abounded by rich fish rivers. In the wood, residents of Greenland needed and they have repeatedly sent commercial parties to the coast of North America for the construction forest, the fur and others.

The remains of the former settlement.

Excavations archaeologists were conducted with interruptions from 1961 to 1968 and from 1973 to 1976 during which the remnants of several residential buildings, forge, workshops were discovered. Later, a little away from the site of the excavation, the most accurately reproduced these most buildings - the long residential semi-racks covered with a cut peat, a forge and a kind of hangars for the storage of ships in winter.

Fishing boat.

In the summer of 2009, during the long-term autochega on the Atlantic coast of Canada, we decided to visit this legendary place. The path is not close, but we were full of enthusiasm and did not regret our decision. Museum under open sky It is organized by intelligent and very interesting. At the entrance of a large pavilion with an exposure about the history of this place, several layouts of the buildings of ancient Vikings and layouts of their ships. Next to the coast itself, the archaeological site where excavations were conducted - externally it looks like several low rollers of land of the right form. But very nearby is the most real village of Viking! Where the Scandinavians died under Scandinavians will tell a lot of interesting things and will answer any defense issues on history and life. Inside buildings a lot of diverse utensils, skins and weapons. Everything can be touched, considering and asking "and what is it" or "but this garbage is why." Of course, all items are "Novodel", but done with great reliability and love for details: iron only forged, candles are only wax and so on. The "residents" of the village were very burned in their roles and play them with great enthusiasm.

Sigor northern guys tell the Kate about their difficult.

Valkyry outfit is not easy!

Loom

On top of all the arrangements of the covered peat - in science should be very warm!

We listen to cod fishing and hunting

Good-natured "Olaf" told a lot about all sorts of piercing cutting items that Normans sent opponent in Valhalla or Helm

L'Hens about the medical station was listed in the list of world heritage of mankind and today it is the only place with the traces of Viking visits to North America.