Anuradhapura from A to Z: Map, hotels, attractions, restaurants, entertainment. Shopping, shops. Photo, videos and reviews about Anuradhapur.

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Anuradhapura is the administrative center of the North-Central Province of Sri Lanka and one of the most ancient cities of Ceylon Island. For a long time Anarathapura, located in a strategically important place - at the intersection of two port zones - and covered in the depths of the jungle, was the capital of the state - until 1017, when the city was seriously destroyed by the invaders from South India and leave the inhabitants.

For almost a thousand years, the city stood in the launch, and only in the 19th century, an English hunter accidentally pushed him into the jungle.

Today, the anuradhapura is mainly restored and divided into two parts: Old citywhich is a non-residential security zone and New townwhere the entire population of Anuradhapura lives (about 50,000 people) and there is a tourist area with hotels, restaurants and shops.

The city is quite far from the coastline, so tourists in Anuradhapuor are attracted primarily by world-famous monuments of culture and history of Sri Lanka, which are included in the list. World Heritage UNESCO.

How to get

Anuradhapura is in 200 with small kilometers from the capital of the island - Colombo. You can get to the city by train (there are two railway stations here), as well as by bus in 5 hours (it comes to the bus station in a new city) or on the schedule car along the A9 highway for 4 hours.

Search for flights to Colombo (Nearest a / n to Anuradhapur)

Transport

On the new city, buses and Tuk-Tuki are running, but the need for them is small - this small area can be quietly pass from the end to the end for half an hour. But the security area on the other side of the Malvathu river-oyia is very large on the territory - and without a Tuk-Tuka here can not do. However, in many places of the Old Town, the movement of any transport, even Tuk-Tukov, is prohibited.

Popular hotels in Anuradhapura

Excursions, Entertainment and Attractions Anuradhapura

As mentioned above, most tourists come to see the monuments of the Old Town. Among them are the so-called Dagoba (Buddhist religious buildings, intended for storage of relics) Thumarama, Ruonwelli with famous stone statues of the Buddha, Jetavanaram, which is considered one of the highest brick structures in the ancient world, as well as the statue of Buddha Auchans and the Sacred Tree Bodhi, considered ancient From famous trees, with the temple of Mahabodhi built around him. And this is only a small part of those monuments that are waiting for travelers in the old town of Anuradhapura.

Anuradhapura

In the new city there are many hotels, restaurants and shops, there is also a market where you can buy souvenirs.

It is worth remembering: although alcohol is sold in tourists-oriented establishments, the public drinking of alcoholic beverages on Sri Lanka is not welcome.

• Where to stay: At one of the high-mountain resorts of Ceylon, where in colonial times the British were hidden from the heat, namely in Candy or in Nuvara Elia. In addition, you can stay in the capital

Anuradhapura - The famous city of the ancient monasteries, located in the northern part of the Central Sri Lanka. The anoint monuments of Anuradhapura were found in the XIX century, and later entered. This ancient city is called the largest city of monasteries in the world. In the capital, where 113 kings ruled, where Buddhists make pilgrimage, are located the greatest monuments, Palaces and monasteries of Sri Lanka. Other famous cultural attractions of Sri Lanka are the majestic rock, cave church And amazing temples.

Anuradhapura, the ancient capital of Sri Lanka

The foundation of the city of Anuraphapur almost coincided with the spread of Buddhism on Ceylon. According to the legend, the Sinhalese ruler of Devanampia Tissa (III century BC) and his approximations became acquainted with the new tricky thanks to the son of the Indian king Ashoka - Mahinde. Soon Buddhism became the official religion of Singalov, and the first stupa (Dagoba) Tuparama and the Buddhist monastery of Isurumnia were built in Anuradyhapur. In this era, the city was experiencing a period of his heyday.

The ancient Lankan Chronicle "Mahavams" testifies: "The Great and Wise King commanded the street in this wonderful city of the street, and thousands of houses were built at the hardest and three floors. Everywhere in the city there were benches, full of all kinds of goods. Elephants, horses and crews without delay took place through the streets, every day with the sisiness people who took part in the solemn festivals. The whole strip of land off the coast was like one solid workshop, continuously engaged in the construction of ships ... "

Having existed more than 1200 years as the capital of Sri Lanka, Anuradhapura was destroyed at the end of the X century, when the troops of the South Indian state of Cholov invaded the northern part of the island. The capital of the island was transferred to PolonnaruvuAnd Anuradhapura turned into the city of the Great Past, revered as the sacred capital of the island.

Attractions Anuradhapura

The majestic ruins of Anuradhapura, occupying a circle with a diameter of more than 12 km, are located four hours from modern capital Sri Lanka Colombo. This museum is impossible to bypass and inspect even a few days. Meanwhile, there are hardly the most significant monuments of the culture of the "Lion Island" are already focused here.

The ancient chronicles narrate that Onsolue Anuradhapura was surrounded by high walls with a gate traded on four sides of the world. There were many reservoirs and parks in the city, thousands of subdigals came out on the cleaning of the streets. The royal palace and numerous Buddhist monasteries (Vihar) and Stupa (Dagins) were the grandiose facilities from stone and wood. In antiquity, only monks here were more than 3 thousand.

At the same time, each ruler of Anuradhapura sought to build a Dagoba, whenever possible, those who were erected by its predecessors as exceeding the magnificence and magnificence. In particular, Dagoba Jetavana, lying in the ruins, but partially renovated, reached 80 m in height - i.e. Was higher than many Egyptian pyramids.

Typical and extremely characteristic of Ceylon samples of Buddhist art are the so-called "lunar stones". In Anuradhapur, they are preserved eight. Usually they were placed in front of the entrance to the "House of Image". Lunar stones are semicircular granite slabs with ornamental images carved on them. In the outer semiring, various animals and birds were located in a clockwise direction.

The next half-trip was a wreath of lotus leaves. The center depicted the sun. This symbolism is associated with ancient cosmogonic ideas, and penetrated the island from India along with Buddhism. The images on the "lunar stones", however, are inspired by Hindu mythology, but they have new content. The lion, for example, is associated with a Buddha, lotuses - with an abnormality from the whole earth.

Today, from architectural structures of ancient Anuradhapura is best preserved. Giant stone bulk resistant, despite the destructive action of time.

The largest among Dagob Anuradhapura is Dagoba Ruvanovel - masterpiece of Lanka architecture. It is often referred to as the "Great Stupa" - "Mach Thhaupa". A round snow-white rumor 54 m height is resting on a square base framed from all sides with reliefs depicting the head of elephants. The spire rushed into the sky once sparkled with gold.

A plunde of rudovel is about two thousand years, and the history of its construction is described in detail in the old Ceylon chronicle "Mahavams". The construction of Duttchtagini king, one of the most silest owners, rules in Anuradhapur, began to build. Rounding on the throne, he found a gold record hidden in his palace with a prescription to build Dagobu. Then the king convened five hundred of the best architects, showed them a record and asked what form to build Dagobu. One of the architects suggested an inverted upside down as a model.

Dagobu was built with emergency care. Even designed for the construction of the sand was repeatedly sifted, and then rubbed between the stones. The foundation was covered with elephants whose legs were wrapped in skins. The internal sanctuary was separated by silver and gold. Here the model of the sacred tree of Bo from gold and silver with pearls and gems was installed. The sculption of Buddha, cast from pure gold, was especially famous.

Shortly before the completion of construction, the king fell ill. Feeling the approach of death, he asked his brother Saddhatissa to ensure that the construction was completed. Saddhatissa promised to fulfill his request. It was he who ordered to paint Dagobu in the White Color, which she retains and so on, although the color has to regularly reproduce: the subsequent kings also decorated with Dagoba by all available ways.

In the middle of the XIX century. This building threatened the fate of many other buildings anuradhapura. The dilapidated dome resembled the natural hill, crouched by trees and shrub, in which the monkeys were jumping and hiding jackals. Restoration work was carried out for almost a hundred years. Only in the years of World War II, the Pagoda Ruvanvelis was finally restored.

By the number of the most ancient monuments of Buddhism on Ceylon include Dagoba Tarapara, built in the III III. BC. Devanpay Tissa is the first Singhalese ruler who adopted Buddhism. According to legend, the Buddha's clavion is inspired in this stage, thanks to which Tuparama is a particularly revered shrine. The height of this elegant, surprisingly proportional structure. A reminiscent bell is about 17 m.

One can only be amazed by the skill and artistic taste of Sinhalese masters, creating this magnificent construction of more than twenty-two centuries ago. Dagobu is surrounded by stone pillars, once served as a support for the tent over the heads of praying.

The spire of another Dagoba, Abhayagiri, as if rising from the bowels of a huge mountain. This mountain is actually nothing like the dome, crouched grass (also renovated in recent years). The name "Abhayagiri" sometimes translate as "a mountain where there is no fear."

At the foot of the floor, a sculpture is a height of about two meters, depicting samadhi subsided in Nirvana Buddha (IV or V BB). The figure was drawn pretty rudely, but a very expressively worked face with an underlined expression.

However, a much more interesting statue of the Buddha has been preserved in Anuradhapura, which is the most ancient on Sri Lanka - she erected 1800 years ago. Chinese traveler Fa Syan, who visited Anuradhapur in 411, wrote: "Here ... There is a Buddha hall, decorated with gold, silver and precious stones, where his statue is made of green jade, a height of more than fifty fugues, sparkling the seven treasures, but in pose Serious and dignity of indescribable. On the palm of the right hand lies a priceless stone. "

This statue preserved to this day is actually carved not from jade, but from granite. Buddha is depicted in the meditation posture. Sitting with crossed legs. His face expresses serenity, the deepest peace of all comprehended wisdom.

Another ancient monument Anuradhapura, preserved from the time of the king of the Devanampia of the Tessa - the monastery of Isurumnia, embedded in a large cliff. Late restorations significantly changed his initial appearance. Several bas-reliefs are preserved in the rocky monolith, belonging to the days of the teases of the teases. Among them - the composition with the image of the elephant group, as well as the famous bas-relief "loving in stone", depicting a girl sitting on his knees from his beloved warrior.

The construction of Lohapasada - the Bronze Palace began in the middle of the II century. BC. The King of Dutthagamani, the one that built a grand Dagobu rudpiece. With his rule, the liberation of the North Sri Lanka and the capital of Anuradhapura Island from the rule of the South Indian invaders are connected. Combining the entire island under its authority. Dutghagamani began extensive construction in his capital. His life was not enough for it, and the construction of the bronze palace was completed with his youngest brother.

Stories about the new miracle of Anuradhapura spread far beyond the island. The legend states that it was built "in the image of the sky." There were nine floors in the palace and a thousand rooms decorated with carving. In the throne room, a throne from an ivory, on which sparkling made of gold, silver and pearls, the sun, moon and stars were sparkling. Palace rooms also decorated pearls, gold and silver. In Mahavams, says that "in the eaves were inserted precious stones ... Publishing Festo is made of gold." And its name is a bronze - the palace received due to the bronze sheets covering the roof.

The bronze palace died as it was customary to say, "because of a keet candle": one day a burning oil lamp fell on the floor, and the fire completely destroyed all this magnificence. The building was partially restored, but the subsequent wars and the launch of the anuradhapura led to the fact that today only the playground remained from the legendary palace, tested by the whole forest of granite columns - there are up to 1600 pieces here!

But perfectly preserved Kuttam - "Double Bath", built in the IX century. and having about 8 m in depth. The edge of the bathing is a skillful sculptural image of a cobra.

In Anuradhapur, a variety of architectural monuments are preserved, who deservedly enjoyed worldwide fame. Perhaps, no less famous and a thousand-year-old tree of BO, growing in trouble from Dagule Rowanovel. It was planted for more than 2250 years ago by the first king of the Buddhist Devanampia Tissa, and probably today is the oldest tree on earth. It survived almost the entire history of Sri Lanka, now captivated in the ruins of Anuradhapura.

The seedling of the tree was brought from India, from the sacred city, and, according to legend. It is a process from the very tree of Bo, under which the Buddha reached enlightenment. The branch placed in a golden pot, delivered the Sangha-Mitta nuns to Anurapura - the daughter of Emperor Ashoka. With the greatest solemnity, the precious branch was put in the park in front of the royal palace. Then it was predicted that the tree would bloom and green forever.

It is believed that seven days later shed the miraculous rain, and the branch immediately let eight shoots, which, in turn, were delivered to other places of the island. Today almost in any Lankan buddhist monastery You can see the Bo tree, which is the "grandson", "great-grandfather" or an even more distant descendant "Sri Maha-Bodhi" - "Sacred Great Bo" from Anuradhapura.

A huge ancient tree is carefully acquired by a cast-iron fence. Its thick branches, full of life juices, indicate that this tree will not soon. In the whole country, there is hardly a Buddhist, who at least at least once in his life did not make a pilgrimage to this tree. Students come here before exams, business people come before the conclusion of important transactions, ministers before making political decisions. On the day, when the anniversary of the appeal of Singalov in Buddhism is noted (this holiday is called "Soon"), thousands of pilgrims go to Anuradhapur. Here they pray and lay candles from the sacred tree.

And again glad to see you on the pages. Today, leaving the north of Sri Lanka, namely we went to the side sacred cities of Anuradhapura with a lot of ancient monuments of cultural heritage, it is also called Old Town.From where in 1950 all the inhabitants were resettled to the new part of the city. And since we are not too rich travelers, we will share the story with you about how we managed to see all the sights for free.

Bus: Before Anuradhapura can be reached by bus in 5 hours (it comes to the bus station in the new city).

• 1 Option - After the airport in Colombo, you get to the airport bus station (on foot, Tuk-Tuk). There is no direct bus from this station to Anuradhapur, but from there you can get to Colombo himself and already there to transfer to direct bus number 5.
• 2 Option - to get to the bus station to Negombo, transfer to Anuradhapura or Kurenegala to the bus (Kurunegala) where you can transfer to another bus. A direct bus goes through Puttalam (Puttalam). You can also get involved in Candy, Matale, Kurunegalu (Kurunegala).

Deciding to try to try public transport, we drove by bus from Japhne for 100 rupees (26 rubles).

Reaching the town of Kilinchi (from Kilinchi to Anuradhapura 144 km), we have already drove the hitchhiker, but you can use the train (280 rupees per person).

How to get free to the sacred city of Anuradhapura.

Since we got up early, we had a lot of time in stock in order to get to the desired point and still sightseeing. In principle, the most interesting city is located on one large area where one single entrance ticket costs 3200 rupees (800 rubles) or $ 25. We have not yet known how many passages on attractions Stand, although I heard, in some cases very overpriced. And the point is not at all that on Sri Lanka the most unique attractions of all Asia, just the policy of the state here is too greedy to money.

Naturally pay such crazy money for a couple of stories is too "the hub", so we went around the territory a little bit on the side and climbed through a low fence. The first stop was 120 meter stupa Jetavanarama (Jetavanarama),located on the ruins of the jetavan monastery.

Well, yes, the big sort of stupa, which we saw another, distinguished from the rest just what is considered the biggest on Sri Lanka. And be sure, it does not even negotiate, keep a fragment of some "details" of Buddha. This time is part of his belt.

In principle, even a bit impressive with dimensions and personally, she seemed to me the most interesting attraction of Anuradhapura than all other archaeological monuments of the Old Town.

To reach the second stupa, we had to overcome secondary checks of tickets, which we, of course, were not suspected of.

The guard, envying from afar two big backpacks, immediately jumped up and waved his hands on us. Andrey did not even looked in his direction, passing further, I followed his example. The guard, hesitating from our arrogance, threw his place and in three jumps turned out to be in front of us, blocking the path and shouting "Ticket! Ticket! ". I, silently I looked at Andrei, he looked like a stupid guy a security guard and, in turn, also waved his hands on him, depicting his deaf-dyed. The man's face in the form slowly stretched out and froze for a few seconds. I almost spoiled everything wishes to get enough when I saw him confused. Still in shock, he pulled his finger on the machine to my side, in the hope that I could "normal." However, I repeated the same "concert," smiling to blame. This finally "finished" the guard, waving his hand, he missed our smiling grateful faces on.

Picnic at the RuvanValisaya Stupa (RuvanValisaya).

Having passed forward a few meters, we allowed themselves to have fun from the soul. In order not to evaporate to another employee of the sacred city of Anuradhapura, we went around a big white stuope RuvanValisaya (RuvanValisaya)side.

I would say exactly from here it was opened best view on her.

The next "masterpiece" of the architecture of Sri Lanka is also known under the names of Mahathupa, Goradamali and Ratnamali Dagaba.

Here we temporarily threw backpacks to relax in the shade of the trees, showing on long spring branches, like monkeys, lay on birds.

By the way, the monkeys had enough here, I can't tolerate them since childhood.

We were not suitable and okay.

Acquaintance from the sacred tree Jaya Sri Maha Bodhi (Sri Maha Bodhi).

After leisure, the campaign continued to the sacred tree Jaya Sri Mach Bodhi, grown from the process of that very, under the Buddha there was an insight. On the way caught Lovamahapaya (Lovamahapaya) - The building formed in ancient times with 40 rows, in each of which are 40 stone columns, which is a total of 1600 columns. The remains of the latter (and maybe Novodel) can be contemplated right in front of the palace.

Suddenly, a young foreigner grew out before me, who in good English greeted me and asked where I was from. What I still had to answer how not the truth. The boy was from Germany, first got out beyond his country and somehow his choice fell on Sri Lanka. He asked where we stopped, noticing two backpack next to me. He obviously lacked the company, perhaps he hoped to join us. I said that we are hitchhikers and sleep in a tent or local. At first it was interested, and he even got squatting in front of me, but after several of my stories, he realized that it was hardly along the way, also quickly saying goodbye, as it appeared.

By that time, Andrei graduated from the inspection of a holy plant for the fence, and answered my questions briefly: "A tree as a tree, nothing special. The fence is only fenced from a particularly curious eye and shouting hands. "

The last sight of Anuradhapura - Mirisaveti Stupa.

Before leaving the old part of the sacred city of Anuradhapura, Andrei decided to wrap at the next stage Mirisavi (Mirisaveti Stupa)built on the spot of a scepter with relics all the same Buddha.

More in the city there was nothing to do, and we went to search for a bus to the nearest, for which we gave 35 rupees (9 rubles). Where we have dinner and found shelter in one of the churches, by chance that the remaining open all night, but you will learn about these details a little later. Stay with us, subscribe to blog news and do not forget to share pleasant impressions from your friends through the social buttons below :).

The most revered city of Sri Lanka, no doubt, is Anuradhapura. Although many of his cult facilities today are in ruins, a huge part of the cult and historical heritage of this region is preserved. Anurapura is an ideal tourist content for tourists, lovers in history, for those who want to learn the culture of this miniature country.

Ancient Anuradhapura is full of charm and secrets. Its attractions will enable the mystical past Sri Lanka and even make several unique photos there.

Not far from the Abkhaiyagiri complex, tourists will find the ruins of the old monastery Ratna Prasada, built in the 2nd century by order of King King Tissa for the monks of the Order of Abkhayagiri. He had a gigantic sizes, as evidenced by powerful, richly decorated columns that can be contemplated today. In the 8th century, the temple was reconstructed: several floors were added and the Golden Buddha statue was installed.

One of the centers of Sinhalean civilization, the Pagoda of Jetavan has in diameter 113 meters and reaches height 75 meters. At one time she was the highest Buddhist building of South Asia. 93 million bricks were used for its construction. Today, there is a museum next to the pagoda, where you can learn the story of the sights and an interesting collection of Buddhist statues is exhibited.

One of the most colorful structures of Anuradhapura, Pagoda Ruvoveliessey is located next to the ethnographic museum. An interesting wall that surrounds the pagoda decorated with images of hundreds of elephants. Seriously affected by wars and natural disasters, the attraction today has only 55 meters in height and is surrounded by a garden, replete with ruins.

Location: Abhayawewa Road.

An interesting tour belt of Anuradhapura is the monastery of Isurumnia, which attracts attention to its stone sculptures, which personify Prince Salia and his beloved, a representative of the asocamala caste.

The legend says that the prince refused the crown to marry her. Located on the peak of the rock, the monastery is full buddhist RelicsBrought from India at the beginning of the 4th century. The entrance to the temple has beautiful lakedecorated with impressive statues of elephants.

Located in a picturesque location on the Tissa VaVa River, Mirisaviya is a pair of impressive proportions. Like all the Pagodes of Sri Lanka, she has his legend, which states that the King of Dutugemus, who decided to swim in the river, threw out the scepter and his royal signs of differences. After bathing, he wanted to raise the Scepter, in which the Buddha relics were, but could not. To protect them, the king ordered to build Pagoda.

Location: Old Puttalam Road.

The attraction, which is very popular in Anuradyhapur, is the Tarapama Pagoda, built by King Davan Pusa. It is considered the oldest in Sri Lanka dated to the 3rd century. There is a tapala to the north of Ruvanvestiaya Pagoda and has 18 meters in diameter.

Location: Thuparama Mawatha.

Abkhaiyagiri Monasteries complex is the largest in Anuradhapur. His main building, Pagoda Abkhayagiri has height 108 meters. The complex of the monastery buildings covers the area of \u200b\u200b200 hectares and includes several Buddhist temples. The main attraction of the complex is the statue of samadhi, which is considered one of the most beautiful images of the Buddha.

Built during the Board of King Diajayana in the 12th century from wood, stone and clay soil, the palace served about 2.5 square kilometers. His southern wing was given under Pagoda (Maligava), where Buddha's relics were kept. Wood used in construction did not stand the exam by time, but the stone part of the building is the ability to see so far.

Once the magnificent design covered with the roof of bronze, the Lochopasad Palace was erected over 2,000 years ago for the King Dutugemen in the 13th century. Today, here you can see the ruins of 1600 columns that supported the building. It is said that the Grand Construction of the Middle Ages had 9 floors and accommodated up to 1000 people at the same time.

Museum of money

In the Museum of Money, Anuraphapura can be used to get acquainted with the history of Sri Lanka, starting from the most pressing times. Many of its exhibits are recognized as the oldest in the world. Founded in 1982, the museum is divided into 4 exposures:

• Ancient period.
• Medieval period.
• Colonial period.
• The period of independence.

The oldest coins are dated to the 3rd century and they are made of silver. Exhibited in the museum and gold coins, as well as foreign, which appeared here with the start of trade development.

Location: Stage 1, New Town.

In the temple of Sri Mach, Bodhi is growing, according to Buddhists, the biggest terra tree is growing, planted in the 249th year BC. According to Buddhist faith, Gauts Buddha reached enlightenment in front of the sacred tree in Buddhagaya, in India, and the tree of Sri Mach Botha is a process of the southern branch of this tree. The journey to Anuradhapur will not be complete, if not to visit this holy place for all the buders.

Anuradhapura, Sri Lanka: Attractions, photos, weather

The city of Anurapura is located in the north-central province of Sri Lanka, 194 km from the actual capital of Colombo (Colombo) and 168 km from Colombo International Airport. Anuradhapura is the administrative center of the district of the same name. Objects of the anoradhapura's anoradhapura are included in the Sri Lanka World Heritage List.

Anuradhapura is one of the "angles" of the cultural triangle of Sri Lanka, which also includes the cities of Candy and Polonnaruva. The city was founded in the 6th century BC. On the River Malwatu Oyia. In the Middle Ages, from 4 to 11th century, the city was the capital of the independent Singhale kingdom of the same name. The city over the centuries is a major religious Buddhist center.

Map Anuradhapura

Aluradyhapura is considered one of the oldest constant towns of the world along with Luxor, Alexandria (Egypt), Mexico City, Vera Cruz (Mexico), Dhaka (Bangladesh), Peshawar (Pakistan), etc. Today, this ancient capital Sri Lanka is considered sacred for everything. Buddhist World, the area of \u200b\u200bthe surrounding Anurapur monasteries is more than 40 sq. km, the city is one of the main archaeological objects of the world.

According to Mahavams, the Great Chronicles of Sri Lanka, the city of Anuradhapura was named after the Minister named Anuradha, who initially founded the village settlement in the area. Anuradha was one of the ministers who accompanied the Indian Prince Vijai, which, according to legends, founded the Sinhala race in Sri Lanka.

Photo of the city of Anuradhapura

Open photos of Anuradhapura in a new tab.

How to get to Anuradhapuru

Anuradhapura - big Citycomprising a railway station and bus station. From large cities, Sri Lanka in Anuradhapur can be reached by train or bus.

How to get to Anuradhapur from Colombo

From Colombo in Anuradhapur, there are about 8 trains a day. Also between the cities of Colombo and Anuradhapura, a direct bus service is developed:

• №15-1-1 Colombo (Colombo) - Anuradhapura (Anuradhapura),
• №15-1 Colombo (Colombo) - Anuradhapura (Anuradhapura),
• №4-3 Colombo (Colombo) - Anuradhapura (Anuradhapura),
• №57 Colombo (Colombo) - Anuradhapura (Anuradhapura).

How to get to Anuradhapur from Negombo

Negombo is located on the parallel Anuradhapur railway branch and therefore, to reach the train must be changed in Ragama (Ragama). From Ragama to Anuradhapur go 4 trains per day. You can also drive to Anuradhapur from Negombo by bus. To do this, it is necessary to sit in Nembo to a bus from Colombo, or get to Colombo and sit there at the end station.

How to get to Anuradhapur from Kandy

You can drive to Anuradhapur from Candy by train with a transfer at Polgahavel station (PolgaWela). From Candy in Anuradhapur, direct buses go:

• №42-2 Kandy (Kandy) - Anuradhapura (Anuradhapura)
• №43 Kandy (Kandy) - Anuradhapura (Anuradhapura).

How to get to Anuradhapur from Galle / Matara

By railway You can get to Anuradhapur from the southwest coast on the train with a transfer to Colombo. You can drive to Anuradhapur by bus No. 2/4-3 Matara (Matara) - Anuradhapura (Anuradhapura). And also with a change in Kalutar by bus No. 57/221/420 Kalutara (Kalutara) - Anuradhapura (Anuradhapura).

How to get to Anuradhapur from Trincomale

Theoretically you can get to Aniuradhapura from Trinomaly by train with transfer to Mao (Maho), however, because of the passage of railway tracks on the big hook map to the south, it is much more economical to use the bus. From Trinomali in Anuradhapur, you can take the bus No. 835 of Anuradhapura (Trincomalee).

How to get to Anuradhapur from Dambulla

Buses, following Dambulla to Anuradhapuru:

• №15-17 Kurunegala (Kurunegala) - Anuradhapura (Anuradhapura),
• №314 / 580/42 Anuradhapura (Anuradhapura) - Badulla (Badulla)

How to get from Polonnaruva to Anuradhapuru

Buses pass through Polonnaruva:

• №22 / 75/218 Anuradhapura (Anuradhapura) - Ampara (AMPARA),
• №27 / 218/58 Anuradhapura (Anuradhapura) - Wellava (Wellawaya).

Attractions Anuradhapura

Sacred places of Anuradyhapura

Tree Jaya Sri Mach Bodhi
(Jaya Sri Maha Bodhi)

Jaya Sri Mach Bodhi is a sacred fig tree located in Mahamewna Gardens. It is believed that the right southern branch is a seedl of a tree Sri Maha Bodhi in Bodhgaye (Buddha Gaya) in India, a tree, under which the Buddha reached enlightenment.

Sri Mach Bodhi is one of the most revered Buddhist shrines not only in Sri Lanka, but also in the world. Believers believe that pilgrimage to the sacred tree helps to heal the disease, helps pregnant to avoid malformations of the fetus development, protects the peasant fields from natural cataclysms, etc.

The existing fence around Sri Mach Bodhi was built in 18 V. King Kirth Sri Rajasinha (Kirti Sri Rajasinha) to protect the tree from wild elephants, in abundance taken in the district. The height of the wall is 3 m., Thickness 1.5 m. The length of the barrier from the north to the south is 118 m, from the east to the west of 83 m. The first gold fence around the sacred tree was built in 1969 in the city of Kanda under the leadership of Yatiravan Narada Tero ( Yatirawana Narada Thero).

In the traditional house of the Buddha, there are two ancient statues. Stone sculpture cobra is a very rare image. In the South-West temple complex Sri Jaya Mach Bodhi are the remnants of Dakkin Tup.

Dagoba Ruvovelisaya
Ruwanwelisaya)

Stupa Rowanweelisay, or as it is also called Ratnamali, was built by the King of Datugmun in 161 BC After the victory over Chola's invaders from India. The king hired an architect, who designed Dagobu, the dome of which, according to the monarch, in shape, resembled a "milk bubble". The King himself did not live up to the completion of construction that took over a total of more than 33 years, and construction was completed by his brother King Saddhatissa.

The height of the RuVule's stupes is 103 m, and the diameter of 292 m. This soup was truly a miraculously architectural skill of that time. The ancient chronicles describe in detail the materials used in the construction of the canagle and its foundation. In addition to ordinary stones, gold, silver, pearls, corals and precious stones were used.

The initial building was destroyed in 19 V, and then restored in 1940. There is a sanctuary in which there are 5 limestone statues of standing Buddha. Four statues belong to the 8th century and symbolize the past Buddha incarnations, and the fifth statue symbolizes the future (Buddha Maitreya) with Tiara on the head and a lotus flower in his hands.

Dagoba Rouvelisayia is one of the 16 places of Buddhist worship in Sri Lanka, denoted by the term Solosmasthana (Solosmasthana). It is believed that the stupa contains part of the dust of the Buddha. Dagoba was built in such a way as to meet the teachings of the Buddha: the dome symbolizes the infinity of the exercise, the four sides above it are four noble truths, concentric rings point to a noble octal middle path, and a large crystal on top of the stupa constitutes the final goal of enlightenment.

Dagoba Tuparama / Taraparamya
(Thupramaya)

Snow-white Dagoba Tuparama was elevated in the form of a bell, with a diameter of the base of 18 m, a height of 50 m. Previously, Dagoba Tuparama had much large sizes, but throughout its history has repeatedly completely collapsed. The last time the stupa was rebuilt in 1862

The base of the stupa is paved with granite slabs, 4 rows of stone columns surround the dagoba. The height of the stone pillars, which previously relied the massive roof, decreases with the external circle to the internal. The dome-shaped roof over the step that existed earlier, but not previously survived to the present moment, was maintained 176 columns.

Dagoba Tuparama was built in 3 V. BC. During the reign of King Devanampyatissa (Devamnampiyatissa). The stupa was built by the king at the request of Mahinda Tero (Mahinda Thero), who brought Buddhism in Sri Lanka to conclude a relic in it - the right clavicle of the Buddha. The building has an original design: Vatadaga vaulted Temple as if pushed under the dome of the canoba.

In the 7th century, Stupa Taraparamya was completely covered with gold. Included in it the temple of the Vataadaga, made of gold bricks, with golden doors. After the attack of the South Indian Tamils \u200b\u200bfrom the kingdom of Pandya (Pandyan), the stupa was looted, and all gold, jewels and treasures were exported.

In the middle of 10 century The Singhalese King of Mahinda IV restored Dagobu, lined with gold and installed golden doors in it, but again at the end of the 10th century, Tamil tribes from southern India Chola (Chola) completely plundered the temple complex. The last recovery of the Stupa was completed in the middle of the 19th century, however, in the process of recovery, the ancient stupa fully lost its former architectural features.

Bronze Palace Lovamahapaya
(Lovamahapaya / Lohaprasadaya)

The Lovamahapaya Palace was founded in 3 V. BC. The first Buddhist king of Sri Lanka Devanampyatissa, who, at the request of Mahindia Tero, which brought Buddhism to the island, built the first building in this place. After a century, in 2nd. BC, King Datugamun expanded significantly architectural complex To that scale, whose traces can be observed today.

According to the Singhalese chronicle of Mahavams, the building of the Lovamahapaya Palace was a nine-story building with a height of 47 m. His arches supported 1600 stone columns. The palace was decorated with corals and precious stones, and the roof is covered with copper-bronze plates. Obviously, for this reason, the Lovamahapaya Palace is also called Lohaprasadaya (Lohaprasadaya), which is translated from Sinhalean and means "Bronze Palace". The upper floors of the building were made of wood and were destroyed in 2 V to AD. With fire.

During history, the building of the palace was rebuilt 7 times. At the beginning of the 3rd century, during the rule of the King of Sirinaga II (Sirinaga), the palace was rebuilt, but his height was already 5 floors. By mid 3 c. Jettatissa's king (Jettatissa) was two more floors, making it seven-story. Then, at the end of the 3th century, Mahasena king (Mahaasena) destroyed the palace, using materials for the construction of Abhayagiri complex, which caused a sharp conflict with the Mahavihara monastic community.

In 4 c. His son Sirimegavanna (Sirimeghavanna) restored the palace again. In such a form, the building existed to 9 centuries, until the invasion of the South Indian kingdom of Pandia was destroyed. At the end of the same 9 century. The king of Hayen II (SENA II) rebuilt the palace, but in 10 century. Indian invaders of Cola invaded the territory of the kingdom and completely plundered and destroyed it. Then the fall of Anuradhapura and the city stopped being the capital of the kingdom and only at 11th century, during the reign of King Parakramabha I (Parakramabhu I), the stone poles were raised, and the building of the Lovamahapaya Palace was partially restored. In this form, the building of the palace and abides so far.

Dagoba Jetavanaramaiya.
(JetavanaraMaya)

Dagoba, erected from red brick, Jetavanarama, is the largest in Sri Lanka, initially its height accounted for 122 meters, but over time it decreased to 71 meters.

Dagoba Jetavanaramya was built at the end of the 3th century by the King of Mahasen (273 - 303) and in the future completed by his son, the King of Syrimegavanaya I. 93 million bricks were used for the construction of a giant stua, it was built on a rock, on the foundation of a depth of 8.5 meters. Each side of the base, on which the stupa has a length of 176 meters, the length of the stairs leading to it is 9 meters.

It is believed that Dagoba Jetavanaram was erected at the place of cremation Mahinda Tero - a man who brought Buddhism in Sri Lanka.

Like all other buildings in Anuraphapur, this was also subjected to the destruction of Indian invaders in the 9-10 centuries. After the fall of the kingdom of Anuradhapur, the Stupa was abandoned and quickly covered with the jungle.

In the 12th century, during the rule of the King of Parakramabha the Great, the stupa was restored from the ruins, but its height was reduced to the current value.

Dress Dzhetavanaramya / Patimagara
Jethawanaramaya Image House / Patimaghara)

On the territory of the monastery of Jetavan with an area of \u200b\u200b48 hectares, west of Dagoba Jetavanaramya, there is a vaulted building of the Dzhetavanaramai image (Jethawanaramaya image), also called Patimaghara (Patimaghara).

It is believed that the building was built by the King of Seine I in the 9th century, and then destroyed when capturing the north of the island by the Indian kingdom of Chola in the 10th century. Subsequently, the house of the image was restored by Sinhalean kings already during the sunset of the kingdom of Anuradhapura.

The Dzhetavanaramai Image House is the largest of the Anuradhapura or Polonnaruva found in the anoradhapura.

Earlier, the entrance to the building closed the monolithic door, supported by stone pillars with a height of 8 meters, and in the house of the Buddha's image, a massive limestone statue was located 11 meters high and 25 Buddhist relics. According to calculations, the height of the building was 15 meters. Subsequently, in Polonnaruva, vaulted buildings (Gediga) Tuparama, Lancatilac and Tivanka were erected in Polonnaruva.

Dagoba Mirisavietia
(Mirisavetiya Stupa)

Dagoba Mirisavietia was built during the reign of King Datugummoun in 2 V to AD, the building refers to the Maha Vihar complex. The diameter of the base of the stupa is 43 meters, and the height is 59 meters.

The name of the Stupa explains the popular Sinhala legend: when the king of Datuhummun after his coronation was going to the Water Festival in Teessavev, he left his Scepter (Kunt) at this place, within which a sacred relic was laid. Then the king returned behind the scepter, as if stuck and no one could move it off.

Then the king remembered that he had broken the tradition before this, forgetting to offer monks from chili pepper (Miris) before trying her. In those days it was a common practice to give part of all the food, which is preparing in the Palace of priests before the king can enjoy it. Seeing a miracle and remembering his misconduct, the king ordered to build a stue in this place and call her Mirisavyiya (Pepper Stupa).

Dagoba was restored in the 1980s, but the whole design hit in 1987, destroying one of the best samples of the architectural frontones "Vahalkada" Auraurapura's era. Dagoba Mirisavietia, observed now, was completed in 1993, but in the recovery process lost all historical features of the original.

Dagoba Lancarama
(Lankarama Stupa)

Lancarama Stupa (Lancaramya) is located on the territory of the ancient city, south of the elephant pond. Dagoba Lancaramya was built in the 1st century BC. King Walabandamba (Walagamba). The diameter of the layout of Lancarama is 14 meters, and the diameter of the base is 406 m, the base height is 3 m.

The stupets surround the remains of 88 stone pillars that supported the building previously not preserved until now the roof. During its history, Stupa experienced a reconstruction, what her form was previously unknown. Dagoba, built in medirigyriy, near Polonnarvoy, was erected in the same architectural styleAs Lancarama Stupa.

Dagoba Lancarama is located 400 meters from Abhayagiri Monastery, its ancient name is Silasobbha Khandaka Cetiya.

It is called the place so because after the defeat from Tamil invaders in 103 BC The Sinhalese King of Waladamb was hidden from enemies in a place called "Silasobbha Khandaka". After the victory over the Tamil invaders and the liberation of the country in the same year, returning the throne, he built a Lancarama stupa on this spot.

Dagoba Abhayagiri.
Abhayagiri Stupa)

Stupa was built in the 1st century BC. Singhale King Waladamba. Stupa Abhayagiri is the second stage in Sri Lanka.

According to the descriptions of the Chinese monk, Fa-Xiang in the fifth century, the height of the stupas was 122 meters, its outer surface was decorated with gold, silver and jewelry. Also at this place was the statue of Buddha 6m high, made of green jade. The upper superstructure over the dome called Hataras Kotuwa (Hatharas Kotuwa) has been preserved since ancient times.

According to the chronicles, after the King of Valakambahu ascended to the throne in 104 BC, in just seven months, the Tamil invasion occurred in the ancient Sri Lanka through the port of Mantat. Port for the port, the city outside the city, Tamila captured the territory. The Singhala army suffered defeat and was forced to quickly retreat, the Tamil king in the meantime captured his wife Waladambahu and several relics and took them to India. The King of Valakambahu was forced to hide in the jungle, where he could not find Tamils.

At this time, the Jain Monk lived in a place where Dagoba Abhayagiri is worth today. When the king left the anuradhapura territory, passing through the gate, the monk-jain named Geri offensively shouted: "Look like a great Singhale king, you fly away!". The king ignored this comment, but when he returned to Anuradhapur, 14 years after the victory over the invaders, he did not forget about this incident.

The king completely destroyed this skete and in her place elevated a massive stue and 12 buildings and suggested her Mahatis Tero. The stupa was named Abhayagiri, by name of the two sides of the conflict - the names of "Abhaya" (the name of the king) and "Geri" (Monk-Jain). Later Abhayagiri Vihara became the opponent of Mahavihara. The monks of Mahavihara Monastery were followers of Buddhism of Theravada, and monks at the same time Abhayagiri followed the principles of Tharavada teachings and Mahayana.

Ratna Prasadaya Palace
Rathna Prasadaya)

The Palace Ratna Prasada / Prasadaya was erected in the 2nd century by the Singhale King of Kanitta Tissa (167 - 186). The name of Ratna Prasadaya is translated from Sinhales as the "Palace of Jewels".

Once the Palace Ratna Prasadaya was a multi-storey building, it can be judged by the residues of columns that supported the windows of the building.

In the 8th century, the king Mahinda II restored the building in several floors and decorated it with a lot of statues of Buddha made of gold. However, all these treasures were looted during the invasion of the South Indian Empire of Monda during the reign of the King of Seine I (833-853).

Subsequently, the palace of jewels was again restored by King Seine II (853-887), who returned the treasures in him. Then the rant prasadaya building was renovated by the Singhala King of Mahinda IV in the 10th century.

The guard stone, designed to save the treasures of the palace, has survived to the present day. It is located on the inner entrance to the building, is one of the best examples of a stone thread in the Epoch of the Kingdom of Anuraurapura.

Pond Kuttam Pokunov
(Kuttam Pokuna)

Ponds Kuttam Pokunov are an ancient engineering miracle. Real builders of the buildings are unknown, it is assumed that the ponds were built during the reign of King Aggabodhi (Aggabodhi i) at the turn of 6 and 7 centuries.

Ponds Kuttam Pokunov were used by the monasters of Abhayagiri Monastery for ablutions. Walls of ponds are made of carved granite slabs.

Translated from the Sinhalean language "Kuttam Pokhun" means "twin ponds". The first was built the northern pond (small), over time the second pond of the larger size was completed.

The dimensions of the small northern pond by Kuttam Pokunka are 28 * 15.5 meters, the depth is 4 meters. The sizes of the southern (large) pond 40 * 16 meters, depth of 5.5 meters.

Water in the ponds was supplied through an underground water supply and was filtered, consisting of four levels before entering the pond through a stylized dragon tube. Next, water from both ponds was merged into one channel and then used for the irrigation of the fields.

Statue of Buddha Samadhi
SAMADHI STATUE)

The statue of Buddha in the state of Samadhu is located in the ancient Park Mahamvnava (Mahamevnāwa Park). The statue of Samadhi is considered one of the best sculptures of the Kingdom of Anuradhapura. It is believed that the statue of samadhi was created during the 3rd or 4th century.

Buddha statue in the DHYANA Mudra meditation posture with crossed legs and open palms, put on each other, made of dolomite marble. Ancient statue has a height of 2.2 meters.

In 1886, this statue was found in the place of the same place where she is currently fallen, her nose was damaged. After that, the statue was re-installed, and the nose was reconstructed.

In 1914, the statue was again damaged by treasure hunters and again restored. The eyes of the statue are currently hollow, which indicates that they were previously decorated with crystals or precious stones. It was not known whether this statue was brought from another monastery or she was originally here.

It is believed that if you look at the statue from three different sides, then looking at the right and left side of her face will express sadness, and if you look at the statue of the right, then her face smiles slightly.

Objects of the ancient city of Anuradhapura

Lake Tissa Wieva
(Tissa WEWA)

Ancient man-made reservoir Tissa Veva was built by the Sinhala King of Devanampyatissis, which was ruled by the country in the 3rd century BC. The dimensions of the embankment erected to form an ancient reservoir are impressive: the length of the embankment is 3.4 km and the height is 7.5 meters.

The surface size of the veva reservoir is 2.2 sqm. The purpose of creating such a bulk reservoir, according to the ancient Sinhalese chronicle of Mahavams, was the nutrition of gardens and parks located in the ancient city of Anuradhapura, as well as irrigation of the surrounding rice fields in the arid period.

Guide Lake Tissa Veva gets water through ancient constructure Jaya Ganga - a canal connecting the reservoir and the river Kala Veva. Excess water from the reservoir is discharged into the Malvathu River Oyia.

According to the archaeologists, the ancient Tissa Veva reservoir was built so reliably that even after 1,200 years old can supply water in modern city Anuradhapura.

Lake Nuwar Veva
Nuwara WEWA)

The ancient reservoir of Nuvara Vec is the largest of the three manual reservoirs of Anuradhapura. Nuwara Veva is translated as "City Lake".

The exact time of the reservoir construction is unknown. Presumably it was erected in the 1st century BC. e. King Wattagini Abaya (Vattagamini Abaya).

According to historians, the initial structure of the embankment was made of brick used in the construction of Abhayagiri Daging. The embankment was renovated in 3 and 5th centuries.

The surface area of \u200b\u200bNuvara Vev's reservoir is 31.8 sq. Km, a dam and a canal on the River Malvathu Oyu used to fill it. The dam extended to 1873, when the construction of a car bridge across the river was started.

The depth of water in the channel connecting the lake and the river is 1.2 meters, the depth of the reservoir is 45 meters from the dam. Currently, the channel is used to drive excess water from Nuvara Veva back to the river during floods.

Temple of Isrumia
(Isurumuniya)

The ancient Buddhist temple of Isuruminia is located on the banks of the Tissa Veva reservoir (Tissa WEWA). The temple was founded by the king of Devanampia Tissa (Devanampiya Tissa) at the end of the 4th century. BC. Earlier, the temple was known as Megagiri Vihara (Meghagiri Vihara). The temple is known for its unusual carving on a stone, made in different architectural styles, depicting different stories:

• thread lovers from Isurumnia (Isurumuni Lovers)

  The carving was created allegedly in the 6th century. In the style of Gupta, it shows a man and a woman who is sitting on his knees, one of the versions of the King Kuvera Vaisrawana's personification king (Queen Kuni) and his queen Kuni (Queen Kuni), on another god Shiva and his wife Parvati, on the third scene captured Prince, son of King Datugmun, who abandoned the throne for the sake of marriage on the girl of the lowest estate.

• royal Family Carving

  The carving was created allegedly in the 8th century, the work was performed in the architectural tradition of Gupta Cala; The image carved on the granite plate includes 5 human figures, in the center of the composition, the King of Datougamunu is presumably depicted (Dutugamunu).

• cutting Elephant Pond (Elephant Pond)

  The carving was created alleged in the 7th century, was performed in the Pallavian tradition. The image captured floating elephants, but what is noteworthy: images of elephants correspond to images in a stone thread in Mamallapuram (Mamallapuram) in southern India.

The temple of Incemunia is the first place in Sri Lanka, where the Buddha tooth was placed upon arrival on the island. Stupa near the temple and the statue of the Buddha, located inside it, are modern. Part of the caves near the temple used to serve as a refuge for the monks, now there is a lot of volatile mice.

Church of Ransimalakaya
(Ransimalakaya)

Across the road from the Bronze Palace of Lovamahapaya, Ruins Rannsimalakaya are located. Between the sacred tree of Sri Mach Bodhi and a huge Dagoea Ruvanvelisayia is a section of ruins with towering stone pillars.

This plot was examined by the archaeologists of the Royal Asian Society, which found the foundation of the building, for the first time spending excavations in 1895.

The current ruins of the building indicate that it was an open building without walls, and its not previously preserved the roof was previously supported by 8 rows of 10 granite columns.

Only a few of these pillars can be observed today. You can enter the building through four entrances located on each side of the building.

According to the Archeology Department of Sri Lanka, this building in the Middle Ages was used as a meeting room of Maha Vihara monks. In the same building, the body of Maha Mahinda Tero was kept to cremation.

Ruins of the complex Tolowyl
(Toluwila Ruins)

The ruins of the Buddhist complex Toluville are located near the anuradhapura railway station, outside the borders of the ancient city. Complex Toluvil was supposed to be part of Pabbata Vihara (Pabbatha Vihara).

The estimated time of the construction of the monastery of the toluvil complex is a period between 7 and 9th centuries.

According to the chronicles, in Toluvilu in the 3rd century BC Mahinda Tero stopped (a man who brought Buddhism in Sri Lanka) during his pilgrimage from Chijia Pubbath (CHATHIYA PABBATHA) in Maha Vihara.

In the house of the Toluville's image was discovered and taken to the National Museum of Sri Lanka, located in Colombo, the Buddha statue sitting in the samadhi pose, who is considered the most skillful similar statue in Sri Lanka.

The house of the Buddha, which was on the elevation, surrounds a large number of The remnants of the economic buildings, made in a unique architectural style, and the Complex Complex itself is surrounded by the RV.

Ruins Temple Temple Buddha Daladag
(Dalada Maligawa / Daladage)

Northeast of royal Palace Vijayabahu is located the ruins of an ancient complex Maha Pali, the Temple of the Tooth Buddha Dalade Ga and two houses of the Buddha's image with the dome roof of Gediga. All four buildings are located 50 meters away from each other.

The ruins of the building, known as Daladag, are considered to be the remains of the structure of the Temple of the Buddha Tooth, built by the Sinhale King of Mahinda IV in the 10th century after the defeat of the Sinhalese army from the South Indian Empire of Chola and the transition to the northern part of the island.

The remains of the Temple Temple of the Buddha Daladag are on the four-piano case with dimensions of 60x65 meters. The temple consists of a large building with wide compartments in three sides (of four) and two practically disappeared small auxiliary buildings in the North-West and the North-East of the Temple.

The main entrance to the building of Daladag is in the center on the north side of the temple. The inscription above its entrance, made during the reign of Mahinda IV, allowed the archaeologists to identify the purpose of the premises.

Elephant Pond Strain
(Eth Pokuna)

Not far from Lancaramya Stupa is an ancient irrigation miracle - a huge artificial pond of Et Stroke. The name of the pond from Sinhalean is translated as an "elephant pond."

This pond is the biggest pond not only in Abhayagiri, but also in the ancient city of Anuradhapura.

The dimensions of the ancient pond of this is very impressive: its length is 159 meters, and the width is 52.7 meters. Pond This is a depth of 9.5 meters and accommodates 75,000 cubic meters of water.

Water in the Pond Pond is supplied from the reservoir of Periamkulam through the network of underground channels. Visitors to the present time can still see parts of the elements of the water supply system that supplies the pond.

Channels, drilling water, were made by ancient masters from stone blocks. Previously, the pond was used by the monks of Abhayagiri Monastery for ablutions and other everyday needs, their number at that time exceeded 5,000 people.

Ruins of the complex Mahapali
(Mahapali Alms Hall)

Mahapali Mercy Hall was supposedly built by the King of Devanampyatissa in the 3rd century BC. And subsequently, other kings were expanded in the period of the kingdom of Anuradhapura.

The ruins of the Mahapali complex are located north of the Palace Vijayabha I, their area is 0.5 hectares. To this day, massive granite columns have been preserved, which previously supported the roof of the building of the Maha Hall of Pali.

After the arrival of Buddhism in Sri Lanka in the 3rd century to our era, the island became one of the largest centers of Buddhism in the world.

Thousands of monks lived in the cities of the ancient Sri Lanka, the provision of their food was the responsibility of the king, and the Chairs of Mercy appeared (Alms Hall) - a place for monks supplied with food.

One of the main attractions of the place is a deep well, which supplied water to the building of the Mahapali complex. The walls of the well are built of granite and brick, the steps located around the perimeter of the square well allow you to go down to the water.

Temple Gediga
(Gedige)

The temple with the once-vaulted dome Gedig is located on the territory of the Maha complex. Building Gediga (can also be called Gedi Ge) is a brick structure, externally more or less similar to the house of the Buddha image.

Gediga is considered a sanctuary of the tradition of Mahayana, who preached the tantra because of which they had a conflict with followers of Theravada, ended with the full victory of the last. The story of the construction and the time of creating this building is unknown.

Gediga and the House of the Buddha complex of Maha Pali complex are the only known houses of the image in Anuradhapur, fully made of brickwork: only the door and the window frame were made of granite.

Previously, the building of the Buddha's House of the Buddha was decorated with a vaulted dome, stone stairs were led to the second floor, and the sanctuary was located inside. Gediga covers an area of \u200b\u200b10 square meters. meters, house of the buddha is 11 square meters. meters.

Training Center Mautura Pirivina
MAYURA PIRIVENA)

This training center is one of the main training centers owned by Maha Viharai complex in the Epoch of the Kingdom of Anuradhapura. The training center of Mautura Pirivina was built by King Buddadasoy in the 4th century.

To date, the building of Mautura pyrive is completely destroyed, only a foundation with several pillars previously supported the roof remained from the building.

The training center of Maura Pirivina is considered a place where Granthakar Piroven was also located previously, where the Indian Buddhist monk Buddudhagosha Tera was prepared by the comments on the sacred texts of Tharavada in the 5th century. Being in India and finding text, the comment for which he was lost to the truck, Buddadagosa went to Sri Lanka to explore the Singhala comment, which at that time was preserved at the Maha Vihar monastery in Anuradhapur. There, Budddhagosha began to study a large amount of comments that were collected and preserved by Maha Vihar monks.

The interpretations represented by Buddhagosh, usually made an orthodox understanding of the sacred texts of Theravada, at least from the 12th century. Buddedanov's works were recognized by Western scientists and monks of the direction of Tharavada as the most important comments by Theravada. Budddhagosha described the center of Mautura pyrivine as "located in beautiful place, well-maintained, cool and with sufficient water supply. "

Monastery Veszagiriya
(Vessagiriya)

An ancient forest monastery is located on the territory of the anguard Angugadhapura, a pair of hundreds of meters south of the temple of Isurumnia, on the road Anuradhapura-Kurunagala. The place may also be called IsSarasamanarama (Issarasamanarama). The monastery is among the huge stone boulders.

Buddhist Monastery Vesgizagiria was founded in the 3rd century BC. And expanded in the 5th century during the rule of King Kasyapa (Kasyapa), up to 500 people lived on its territory.

Currently, only residues of 23 stone caves are observed on this area. Now the visitor can only see stones, because All other structural elements were made of fragile materials and are not preserved.

In natural stone shelters that served as a shelter for monks, laid inscriptions were found in Brahmi (Brahmi), one of the oldest writing systems. Also, the archaeologists were found by the ruins of the building with a round foundation for the purpose of which it is unknown, 70 rare coins were found during the excavations. On the territory you can contemplate the rest of the buildings of the refectory for monks and several Dagobes.

Royal Palace Vijayabahi I
(Vijayabahu I Royal Palace)

The Royal Palace is located on the southwest, across the road, from the Maha Pali complex. The palace was built by the Singhale King of Vijayabha I (1055 - 1110) in the 11th century in the era of the Kingdom of Anuradhapura.

In 1070, the Singhal King of the Summors of the South Indian invaders from the Empire of Chola, the kingdom rule, and after the military campaign, which lasted 18 years, united the country. After the victory over Chola, the Singhal King recreated Buddhism, almost destroyed during the reign of Tamilov and restored the ancient infrastructure and irrigation projects.

During the rule of the king, the capital was the city of Anuradhapura, but, noting his dedication to the monarch, the king suffered the capital of the country to the city of Polonnaruva.

It is believed that the building of the Royal Palace was used to conduct official celebrations and ceremonies. The width of the structure is 39 meters, length is 66 meters.

Two massive security stones at the entrance to the building are depicting "Sankhanihi" and "Padmanidhi" - servants of the god cubeers. On the walls of the palace, you can still observe the remnants of ancient plaster.

Stupa Sangamitta
SANGAMITTHA STUPA)

Sangamitta Red Brick Stupa is 150 meters east of the famous Canopa Taraparamya. The ancient stupa was named presumably in honor of the daughter of the Indian Emperor Ashoka named Sangamitta Teri (Sangamiththa Theri).

The daughter of the emperor arrived in Sri Lanka in 249 BC, bringing a branch of the original sacred tree Sri Mach Bodh with him to the island.

The princess has done a way to the neighboring country along with his brother Mahinda Tero (Mahinda Thero), which is a person who brought Buddhism to Sri Lanka. Arriving on the island, the son and daughter of Emperor Ashoki dedicated their lives the spread of Buddhist teachings in the country and so far revered as founders of Buddhism.

In the ancient chronicles, it is mentioned that the Sinhale king of Utti (Uttiya) laid into a small Dagoba to the east of the Tuparama of the ash of Arhat Sangamitta Teri. Archaeologists suggest that it was about the stage of Sugamitta.

Stupa Dakkin
(Dakkhina Tupa Stupa)

The ruins of an ancient temple, apparently not completed, are located south of the temple complex Jaya Sri Mach Bodhi and Training Center Maura Pirivina.

The name of the site translated from Sinhalean means "Southern Monastery", it is considered a cremation site of several Sinhalese kings.

This place was defined as Dhakkhina Stupa Professor Paranavitan (Paranavitana) in 1946. According to the ancient chronicles of Sri Lanka, in place where the cremation of the Singhal King of the Datuhummun, which was ruled in the 2nd century BC Dakkin's Stupa was erected.

Initially, after the king cremation, the volume was possible much less, but during history it was rebuilt several times and over time reached modern sizes.

Next to the stage are stone pillars with elegant carvings with the image of Weisravana (Vaisravana) and Calpavruk (Kalpawruksha).

Church of Nyha Vihara
(Nakha Vihara)

The church of Nacks belongs to the unique view of square brick buildings, being one of the four such unusual buildings found in Sri Lanka.

The temple building is constructed presumably during the Kingdom of Anuradhapur in the range of 7-10 centuries. And belongs to the tradition of Mahayana.

The foundation of the temple is 9x9 m, the ruins of the Buddha image of the Buddha were found next to the temple, but the object was not preserved to our time.

Excavations carried out by archaeologists in the area of \u200b\u200bthe temple of Nash revealed the presence of several layers of clay plaster, which allegedly suggests that the building, before it was abandoned, was active and lived for a long time.

The church of Nacks is rarely visited by tourists, the most popular of four is a brick building Satmakhal Prasada in Polonnaruva, two others are in Anuradhapur on the territory of Abhayagiri Monastery.

Ruins Daging Padalanchan / Power of Chietia
(Padalanchana Chethiya / Sila Chethiya)

In fifty meters from the famous Stua Tuparama are the ruins of a small ancient Dagina Padalanchan of Chietia. The place is also called the power of Chiiya (Sila Chethiya), Kujajatissa (Kujjatissa) or Stupa Diga (Digha Stupa).

Stupa is an archaeological object with features of the late period of the Kingdom of Anuradhapura, which probably indicates that it has been rebuilt or restored.

The power of Chietia is one of the 16 main places of worship in Sri Lanka, called Solosmasthana (Solosmasthana). Dagoba was erected at the beginning of the 2nd century. BC. King Lognatissa.

According to the Sinhal Chronicles of Mahavamsa (Mahavamsa), Dipavamsa (Dipavamsa) and Mahabodhivamsa (Mahabothivamsa), the Buddha left his mark on the location of the Stupa Padalan during the third visit to Sri Lanka.

According to Mahavams, it is also considered that this place is one of four, where all Buddhas (Kakusanndha, Konagamana, Kassapa and Gauthama Buddha) at one time came to the island and left their footprints before leaving him.

Ruins of Padanagara pavilions
(Padanagara)

Two objects called Padanagar pavilions are located to the west of Abhayagiri Monastery, away from other ancient buildings.

The granite base of the building is erected on the elevation of the cliff.

Pavilions are located outside the anoradhapura anoradhapura and were used by monks, presumably for meditation and retreats.

The structure of the pavilions surrounds ditch. The building, over the ruins of which rises rows of stone pillars, are deprived of any decorations and ornaments, with the exception of their small number in the structure of the stone toilet, located on the right of the pavilion.

The first Padanagar Pavilion has a smaller size than the second. Both pavilions are equipped with an ancient water supply, with aquifers, passing under the foundation of an ancient structure, and stone toilets.

Park Ranmaas Uyan / Magul Uyan
(Ranmasu / Magul Uyana)

Even before the arrival of Buddhism in Sri Lanka at 3rd. BC. Parks were a common part of the urban layout. Founder of the Park Ranmas Uyan is unknown.

It is believed that the park was built as an alternative to the parks that existed earlier and the Divanampyatvi away king with the arrival of Buddhism on the island, monastic community (Sanghe).

According to the inscription found in the ancient Monastery of Veszagiriya, water for the needs of the park came from the Tissa River and then distributed through the fields in the area of \u200b\u200bthe temple of Isurumnia.

There are several small ponds on the territory of the park, where goldfish were previously swam and blooming lotuses. Stone framing of ponds is decorated with traditional carvings with a picture of swimming elephants.

Ancient Park Ranmas Uyan is located on the square of 16 hectares. The park is an excellent example of the ancient Lankan park architecture of the pre-Christian era. Sakwal Chakraya Sakwala Chakraya is located on the territory of the park.

Petroglyphs Sacawal Chakraiya
Sakwala Chakraya)

In the park Ranmas Uyan, an ancient drawing is depicted on a large boulder, called Chakraya Sacawal or Bava Chakraya (Bawa Chakraya).

The creator, purpose and time of the creation of Petroglyph are unknown.

One of the assumptions is that the image is the most ancient of the existing map of the world: cosmmographic graphs of the universe or "world map", described in ancient Buddhist texts.

According to another theory, Sacawal Chakraiya - some star gates, similar to those found in Peru not far from Lake Titicaca and in the complex Pyramid Abu-Sir.

The kingdom of Anuraphapur existed in the period from about 400 BC. Before the beginning of the second millennium, however, there is a version that the age of this artifact is at least 5,000 years, and refers to the period of the Board of King Ravan.

Weather in Anuradhapur.

The best time to visit Anuradhapura is the period from January to September inclusive - at this time the lowest amount of precipitation falls in the city, the weather favorable for pedestrian excursions through the ancient city.

The high season for visiting Anuradhapura is the period from June to September - the drin time in the year. The most rainy months, the rainy season in Anuradhapur, are October, November and December under the influence of the northeast monsoon.

During the year, the air temperature in the city is stable and changing at the time of year is insignificant: the night air temperatures fluctuate within +21 C +24 C; Daylight air temperature is in the range from +29 with to +34 C.