Crater lakes are located in craters. Craters, in turn, can appear in places where large meteorites fall, in places of excavation and mining, or on the tops of volcanoes.
The water in these lakes is most often characterized by a high acid content, but there are exceptions. Some crater lakes boast clean fresh water.
Volcanic crater lakes are unique and attractive due to the bright hue of the waters and inimitable shapes.
After a crater forms, rainwater, a melting glacier, or groundwater fills the depression.
Many crater lakes form in the most inaccessible places, and in the absence of inflow or outflow of water, they contain the purest water.
Here are some of the most beautiful volcanic and crater lakes in the world that are known for their uniqueness.
Quilotoa
Located in the Ecuadorian Andes, the lake is located at an altitude of almost four kilometers. It appeared about forty thousand years ago. Today, this lake is an increasingly popular tourist attraction in Ecuador. No wonder, because the magnificent view and emerald green waters can conquer any tourist.
Pinatubo
This Philippine lake appeared in a crater, on top of the Pinatubo volcano. The volcano last erupted in June 1991, and the eruption created a deep crater lake. Pinatubo is the youngest lake in the Philippines. The water in it changes color from blue and greenish to brown.
Previously, it was possible to get to the lake only on foot and by car, but today tourist routes to the shores of this bright lake have begun to include air transport.
Okama
On the border of two Japanese prefectures - Yamagata and Miyagi - there is a crater lake Okama, also known as the lake of five colors. The waters of this reservoir change color depending on weather conditions and the direction of sunlight. The lake is almost three hundred years old, and it has long attracted tourists with its beauty. Not far from the banks of Okama there is a temple and a restaurant. Unlike tourists, animals and birds do not rush to the shores of the lake, because the water in it is very acidic.
Inferno
This aptly named lake lies in the Waimangu Rift Valley, on New Zealand's North Island. This small and relatively young lake (130 years old) is distinguished by the azure color of the waters and their high temperature, due to the geothermal activity of the region. This lake is sometimes called the largest geyser in the world.
Katmai
Located in the national park of the same name in southern Alaska, this century-old lake is characterized by dark green waters and a height of two thousand meters above sea level. This lake has filled the caldera of a dangerous stratovolcano, which at any moment can release a stream of poisonous gases, so it is better not to plan a trip to the shores of the lake. Instead, its amazing view can be enjoyed during an airplane tour.
cheongji
This lake has several names, as it is located on the border of China and North Korea, on the top of Mount Paektusan (2100 meters above sea level). In the Guinness Book of Records, "sky lake" is listed as the highest crater lake in the world.
It is more than a thousand years old, and for almost nine months of the year it is covered with a thick layer of ice. In North Korea, this magnificent lake is surrounded by many stories and legends.
Toba
On the Indonesian island of Sumatra, this huge volcanic lake is located, which is already 77 thousand years old. Toba is the largest lake in Indonesia, and the size of the ancient volcano caldera that formed this turquoise pool makes it one of the largest crater lakes in the world.
Despite the unique status of a natural and cultural attraction, the lake is threatened by pollution due to active economic activity on its shores.
Colored lakes of Kelimutu
On the Indonesian island of Flores is the Kelimutu volcano, which has three craters filled with water of different colors. Not only do the three lakes differ from each other in color due to different minerals dissolved in the waters, but the color of the water of each of the lakes varies depending on weather conditions from blood red and black to azure and turquoise. The lakes are a unique sight, therefore they are very popular with tourists.
Bajada Del Diablo
This shallow lake, formed from the impact of several meteorites, is not a popular destination for tourists, but not because tourists would not like to explore this unique area. The thing is that only scientists are allowed to the shores of the lake, since the entire region has so far been little studied and is of great interest to several areas of science.
Albertine Rift Valley
This fault is located on the territory of several African states and was formed by a combination of tectonic and volcanic activity. On the territory of the rift valley there are several crater lakes, the natural value of which is very high.
Crater Lake is distinguished by its amazing blueness and purity of water, for which it was nicknamed "Blue-Eyed". The lake is unique in many ways, and a separate national park has even been created to protect it.
The lake and Crater Lake National Park is located in the Cascade Mountains, in the west of North America and the northwest.
GENERATION OF UNDERGROUND FIRE
Crater Lake was formed as a result of active volcanic activity and grandiose eruptions.
Crater Lake in Oregon is known far beyond the United States. Glory to him was brought by the purest water, which has a bright blue color. This phenomenon is explained by the significant depth of the lake (594 m) and the transparency of the water: it absorbs all shades of the visible spectrum, except for blue, which is why it acquires an indigo color.
7,700 years ago, the lake appeared in the crater of the Mazama stratovolcano - one of several in the Cascade Mountains - after its eruption. Over time, precipitation and landslide deposits covered the caldera floor, forming a loose lake bed. As the caldera cooled, precipitation no longer evaporated, but accumulated at the bottom, forming a lake. Additional moisture was brought by streams formed during the melting of snow on the slopes of the caldera: there is a lot of snow here, sometimes up to 3 m. The slopes of the lake are overgrown with dense coniferous forest. Today, hydrothermal activity is still noted at the bottom of the lake.
The Klamath Indians of Oregon are familiar with the history of the lake, but among the people it has acquired a mythological appearance. According to legend, the god of the underworld, Lao, who wanted to destroy humanity, clashed in battle with the god of the upper world, Skell, who stood up for people. The defeated Lao fell from Mazama, breaking through the crater.
The first European American to discover the beauty of Crater Lake was John Wesley Hillman in 1853. He gave the lake its first name - Deep Blue Lake. Subsequently, the names of the reservoir changed more than once, until the modern Crater was settled.
"OLD MAN" AND THE LAKE
For more than a decade, a ten-meter tree trunk has been drifting in the waters of Lake Crater, remaining intact due to low temperatures.
There are only two relatively large islands on the lake - Witch Island and Ghost Ship. Both of them are cones of volcanic ash, formed after the formation of the caldera. At the same time, rhyodacite domes were formed.
One of the most famous sights of Crater Lake is a ten-meter pine trunk, nicknamed the “Lake Old Man”. For over a hundred years now, it has been floating on the lake in a strictly vertical position, rising about one and a half meters above the water, repeating the same route year after year. The tree owes its strength to the low temperature of the water in the lake.
Crater Lake National Park was created by William Steele (1854-1934), a conservation enthusiast known as the "Father of Crater Lake." For seventeen years he fought for the opening of a national park here, until this happened in 1902. It was he who gave the names to the Witch Island and the rock of the god Lao.
Crater Lake National Park is also known for the Pumice Desert. This is a vast area with traces of ancient eruptions, devoid of vegetation, because due to the high porosity of the earth's surface, water instantly seeps into the depths. Stone spiers look bizarre: pointed columns were formed in places where poisonous gases were released, cementing ash and pumice in the form of spiers.
ATTRACTIONS
Natural:
■ Crater Lake.
■ Islands of Witchcraft and Ghost Ship.
■ Rhyodacite domes.
■ Pumice desert.
■ Fumaroles.
■ Stone spiers (Pinnacles).
■ Mount Scott, Hillman, Union and Crater.
■ Rock of the god Lao.
■ Old coniferous forest.
■ Crater Lake is the second deepest lake in North America after the Great Slave Lake (614 m) and the eighth-ninth deepest in the world (the deepest is Baikal, 1642 m).
■ In 2005, the US Mint minted a 25-cent piece to honor the state of Oregon and Crater Lake. It depicts the lake itself, Witch Island and the caldera.
■ The depth of the lake was first measured in 1886 by an expedition from the US Geological Survey. Depth was measured at 168 locations. The maximum depth of 608 m was recorded. More than a hundred years later, in 2000, according to the results of measuring the depth of the lake with the help of an echo sounder, it turned out that the previously obtained data were close to the truth.
■ Fish appeared in the lake in 1888: fry of sockeye salmon and rainbow trout were released here. The fish have taken root and are breeding well. Before the fish, the only living thing in the lake was the microscopic creature Algaphogopsis, also known as the "Crater Lake tick".
■ Crater Lake rarely freezes, as warm air masses from the Pacific Ocean pass over it, although snow lies on the slopes for 8 months in a row. The last time the freezing of the lake was recorded in 1949.
GENERAL INFORMATION
Location: West North America, Northwest USA.
Administrative affiliation: Klamath County, Oregon, USA.
Origin: crater.
Water balance: drainless.
Mineralization: fresh.
Food: snow, rain.
Islands: Witchcraft and Ghost Ship.
NUMBERS
Pool: 60 km2.
Volume: 18.7 km3.
Mirror area: 53.2 km2.
Maximum length: 9.7 km.
Maximum width: 8 km.
Average depth: 350 m.
Maximum depth: 594 m.
Transparency: up to 40 m.
Average water temperature: +12.8°С.
Coastline length: 35.1 km.
Altitude above sea level: 1883 m.
Depth of the caldera: 1220 m.
Witch Island: height - 233 m.
CLIMATE
Subalpine.
Average January temperature: -5°С.
Average July temperature: +22°С.
Average annual rainfall: 1700 mm.
Relative humidity: 70-80%.
A crater lake is a lake that is formed in the crater of a volcano or in a caldera (a depression formed due to the collapse of the top of a volcano), or in the so-called impact crater, which is formed on the surface of the Earth as a result of a meteorite fall, or an artificial explosion provoked by man.
Sometimes lakes that form within a caldera are called caldera lakes. Crater lakes are sometimes referred to as volcanic lakes, and their water composition is often highly acidic, saturated with volcanic gases, and there is also a sediment of an intense greenish color. Lakes located in dormant or extinct volcanoes, as a rule, are distinguished by fresh water, and the transparency of the water in such lakes can be absolutely exceptional due to the lack of input flow and sediment.
Today we bring to your attention a selection of photographs of the most beautiful crater lakes in the world. The realization that these lakes appeared due to the activity of the volcano, only adds to their mystery. Enjoy!
1. Crater Lake Crater, Mount Mazama volcano - Oregon, USA.
Crater Lake is the main attraction of the Crater Lake National Park, which is located in Oregon, USA. It is known for its amazingly intense blue color and clear water. Crater Lake is located in a caldera that is 1,220 meters deep. This caldera was formed after the destruction of Mount Mazama volcano. Crater Lake is the deepest lake in the United States of America at 594 meters (1949 feet). Crater Lake is fed solely by precipitation, with no inflows or outflows. Consequently, Crater is one of the brightest lakes in the world. Crater Lake is also known for its huge log called the Lake Old Man. It has been floating in the lake in an upright position for more than a hundred years. Due to the low temperature of the water in the lake, the log is quite well preserved.
2. Crater Lake Quilotoa - Ecuador.
Quilotoa Crater Lake is a water-filled caldera and westernmost volcano located in the Ecuadorian Andes. The caldera, about three kilometers (2 miles) wide, was formed by a volcanic explosion that occurred about 800 years ago. the explosion followed a violent eruption that caused pyroclastic and mudflows to reach the Pacific Ocean. In addition, volcanic ash covered the northern Andes in a cloud. The caldera has since become a lake 250 meters (820 feet) deep, the water of which has a greenish color as a result of the dissolution of the minerals it contains. The lake is cold, but warm springs and microgeysers beat in places along the shore due to the location of fumaroles there - cracks in the crater, which are sources of hot gases. Most of the fumaroles are located on the eastern slope of the volcano.
3. Crater lakes Albertina Rift - Africa.
In a region with a very high population density, however, there are areas where flora and fauna remain almost pristine. These include Queen Elizabeth Park, dotted with crater lakes formed as a result of volcanic explosions. If in the 1920-1960s a number of laws had not been adopted declaring that this territory is under state protection and is a reserve, environmentalists state, today one of the most unusual wildlife monuments, the Western Rift, would have ceased to exist.
The Western Rift, also called the Albertine Rift, is a rift valley flanked by some of Africa's highest mountains, including the Virunga Mountains, the Mitumba Mountains, and the Rwenzori Range. It is here that a number of Rift Valley lakes are located, lakes that include some of the deepest lakes in the world (Lake Tanganyika, which reaches a depth of up to 1470 meters (4800 feet). Much of this area is within national parks such as Virunga National Park in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Rwenzori National Park and Queen Elizabeth National Park in Uganda, and the Volcanoes National Park in Rwanda.Lake Victoria is considered part of the Rift Valley system, although it actually lies between two parts of it.All African Great Lakes were formed as a result of the appearance of rifts, and most of these lakes are located within the rift valley.
4. Kelimutu Crater Lake - - Flores Island, Indonesia.
Kelimutu Volcano is a place where there are as many as three crater lakes of different colors. The water in Tiwu AtaMbupu (Lake of the Elderly) usually has a blue tint. This lake is the westernmost of the three lakes. Two other lakes, Tiwu Nuwa Muri Koo Fai (Lake of Boys and Maidens) and Tiwu Ata Polo (Witch or Magic Lake) are separated by a crater wall and the water in them is usually green and red, respectively. The Kelimutu volcano is of interest to geologists because three lakes of different colors are located on top of the same volcano.
5. Crater Lake, Mount Pinatubo - Luzon, Philippines.
Lake Pinatubo is located in the summit crater of Mount Pinatubo, formed after its climatic eruption on June 15, 1991. The lake is located near the borders of the provinces of Pampanga, Tarlac and Zambales in the Philippines. It is the deepest lake in the country, at 800 meters (2,600 ft) deep. Lake Pinatubo is located about 90 kilometers (56 miles) northwest of the capital Manila.
6. Okkama Crater Lake (“Lake of Five Flowers”), Mount Zao – Honshu, Japan.
Mount Zao is a volcano located on the border between Yamagata and Miyagi prefectures in Japan. This volcano is complex - it consists of a cluster of stratovolcanoes. It is the most active volcano in northern Honshu. As a result of a volcanic eruption in the mid-1720s, Ockamah Lake, also known as the "Lake of Five Flowers", was formed. It is so called because the water in the lake changes color depending on the weather. The lake is 360 meters (1200 feet) in diameter and reaches a depth of 60 meters (200 feet). Five Color Lake is one of the main tourist attractions in the area.
7. Crater Lake, Mount Katmai - Alaska, USA.
Mount Katmai is a large stratovolcano (composite volcano) located on the Alaska Peninsula, within the Katmai National Park and Preserve. Its diameter is about 6.3 miles (10 kilometers). The central caldera of Katmai Volcano is a lake measuring approximately 3 x 2 miles (4.5 x 3 kilometers). The caldera was formed during the eruption of the Novarupta volcano in 1912. The maximum height of the caldera is 6716 feet (2047 meters). In 1975, the water surface of the crater lake was located at an altitude of about 4220 feet (1286 meters), and the estimated height at which the caldera floor was located was about 3400 feet (1040 meters). Mount Katmai is located in the area of Kodiak Island.
8. Crater Lake on Taal Volcano - Luzon, Philippines.
Taal Volcano is a complex volcano located on the island of Luzon in the Philippines. The lake partially fills the Taal Volcano caldera, which was formed by powerful prehistoric eruptions that occurred between 140,000 and 5380 BC. The view of Taal Lake, which opens from the Tagaytay Range, is one of the most picturesque and attractive sights in the Philippines. Taal Volcano is located about 50 kilometers (31 miles) south of the country's capital, Manila.
A large rock, called Volcano Point, rises above the lake. This is a fragment of the old bottom of the crater. It is now surrounded by a lake up to two kilometers (1.2 miles) wide, now known as Main Crater Lake.
9. Crater Lake Deriba, Jebel Marra - Darfur, Sudan.
The crater of the dormant volcano Deriba is located at the highest point of Jebel Marra, at an altitude of 3042 meters (9980 feet), in Darfur, in the west of Sudan. The Deriba volcano caldera has become the highest point in Sudan since the independence of South Sudan. Its diameter is from five to eight kilometers. The inner crater fills the crater lake. The Deriba caldera was created by the eruption of the Jebel Marra volcano approximately 3,500 years ago. The volcano is now thought to be dormant, not extinct, as hot springs and fumaroles (gas and steam vents) are still present on its flanks.
10. Crater Lake, Mount Ruapehu - New Zealand.
Ruapehu is an active stratovolcano located in the southern part of the Taupo Volcanic Zone in New Zealand. It is located approximately 23 kilometers northeast of Ohakune and 40 kilometers southwest of the south shore of Lake Taupo, within the Tongariro National Park. There is a glacier on its slopes.
Ruapehu is one of the most active volcanoes in the world and the largest active volcano in New Zealand. It is the highest point of the North Island and includes three main peaks: Tahurangi (altitude 2797 meters), Te Heuheu (altitude 2755 meters) and Paretetaitonga (altitude 2751 meters). A deep active crater lies between the peaks and fills with a crater lake between major eruptions.
11. Yak Lum Crater Lake - Ratanakiri, Cambodia.
The crater lake Yak Lum is popular with tourists in the province of Ratanakiri in northeastern Cambodia. Located about 3 miles (5 kilometers) from the provincial capital, Banlung, this amazingly beautiful lake is nestled in a 4,000-year-old volcanic crater. Due to the huge depth of the lake (157 feet or 48 meters), the water in it is exceptionally clean and transparent. Lake Yak Lum is almost perfectly round and measures 0.45 miles (0.72 kilometers) in diameter. The tall trees and rich, lush rainforest surrounding the lake are home to exotic birds, including various types of parrots.
12. Crater Lake Kerid, Iceland.
Kerid is a volcanic lake located in the Grímsnes region of southern Iceland, on a popular tourist route known as the Golden Circle. It is one of several crater lakes in the area known as the Western Volcanic Zone of Iceland, which includes the Reykjanes peninsula and the Langjökull glacier.
Kerid Caldera, like other volcanoes in the area, is composed of red (rather than black) volcanic rock. The caldera is about 55 meters (180 feet) deep and about 170 meters (560 feet) wide and 270 meters (890 feet) across. Kerid Caldera is one of the three most recognizable volcanic craters. Its age is approximately 3000 years. The surrounding landscape is almost twice as old. The steep slopes of the crater are covered with stunted vegetation, but one of the slopes is more gentle and covered with moss, it is quite easy to climb it. The lake itself is quite shallow (7-14 meters, depending on rainfall and other factors), but due to the minerals that enter the water from the soil, the water in it is opaque and strikingly bright, an amazing aquamarine hue.
13. Crater Lake Licancabur - Chile.
Licancabur is an amazingly symmetrical stratovolcano located in the southernmost part of the border between Chile and Bolivia. It is located southwest of Laguna Verde in Bolivia. The volcano rises above the Salar de Atacama region. The lower two-thirds of the northeast slope of the volcano belong to Bolivia, this is an area from 5400 meters (17717 feet) to 4360 meters (14304 feet) from the foot, and the rest (and most), including the third of the northeast slope and the crater, belong to Chile.
Licancabur Volcano Crater lies entirely within Chile, just over 1 kilometer (3,281 feet) southwest of the international border, and is about 400 meters (1,312 feet) wide. It contains a crater lake measuring 70 meters (230 feet) by 90 meters (295 feet). Crater Lake Likankabur is covered with ice for most of the year. This is one of the highest mountain lakes in the world, and despite the air temperature, which can reach -30 ° C, planktonic animals live in the lake.
14. Geothermal crater lake Viti - Askja, Iceland.
Askja is an active stratovolcano located in a remote part of the central highlands of Iceland. The name Askja refers to a complex of calde, located in the mountains of the Dyngjufjoll mountains, whose height is up to 1510 meters (4954 feet), the word askja itself means "caldera" in Icelandic. The region is only accessible to tourists during a few months of the year. Located to the northeast of the Vatnaekul ice sheet, this area receives only about 450 mm of precipitation per year. This area was used in the process of training astronauts for flights to the moon under the Apollo program.
The large Escuvan Lake was formed by the 1875 eruption. Its area is 12 km². When the lake first formed, it was warm, but today it remains covered with ice for most of the year. Escuvan is the second deepest lake in Iceland, over 220 meters deep.
The geothermal lake is located on the northern shore of Escuvan. This lake is about 150 meters in diameter. Its depth reaches 7 meters. The water in this lake is rich in minerals. the water in it is opaque and intense blue in color, a strong smell of sulfur emanates from it.
15. Heavenly Lake, Mount Baekdu - China, North Korea.
Sky Lake is a crater lake located on the border between China and North Korea. It is located in a caldera located at the top of the Baekdu Volcanic Mountain, which is part of the Changbaishan mountain range. The mountain is located partly in Ryangan Province, North Korea at 42.006°N. 128.057°E, and partly in Jilin Province, Northeast China.
The caldera in which Heavenly Lake is located was formed as a result of a major eruption in 969 (± 20 years). The lake has an altitude of 2,189.1 meters (7182 feet). The lake covers an area of 9.82 km² (3.79 sq mi), from south to north it is 4.85 km (3.01 mi) long and from east to west it is 3.35 kilometers (2.08 mi) ). The average depth of the lake is 213 meters (699 ft) and the maximum depth is 384 meters (1,260 ft). From mid-October to mid-June, the lake is usually covered in ice.
A crater lake is a lake that forms in a volcano crater or caldera. Also, a lake can appear in a meteorite crater or in an artificial recess created by man (for example, as a result of an explosion). Sometimes lakes that form in calderas are called caldera lakes, although more often such a distinction is not made. Crater lakes that occupy the vents of active volcanoes are sometimes called volcanic, and the water in them is often acidic, saturated with volcanic gases and muddy with a strong green tint. Lakes in dormant or extinct volcanoes have fresh water, and the transparency in them can be simply amazing due to the absence of inflowing streams and sediments. Crater lakes form when moisture within them fills a depression. The water level rises until an equilibrium is reached between the ratio of incoming and outgoing water. Sources of water loss can include evaporation, underground seepage, and sometimes surface seepage or excess water when the lake's water level reaches the lowest point of its rim. We present to your attention some of the most beautiful crater lakes in the world.
(Total 15 photos)
1. Crater Lake Mazama Volcano, Oregon, USA. A well-known crater lake in the USA. It is located in the caldera of Mount Mazama. This is the deepest crater lake in the US - its depth is 594 m. It is fed by rain and snow, there are no sources of water inflow or outflow on the surface, and therefore it is one of the cleanest lakes in the world. (Ben Canales)
2. Lake Quilotoa, Ecuador. Quilotoa is a water-filled caldera of the westernmost volcano in the Ecuadorian Andes. The 3 km wide caldera was formed by the collapse of a dacitic volcano after a catastrophic eruption 800 years ago, which created pyroclastic flows and lahars that reached the Pacific Ocean and released huge amounts of ash into the air. Since then, the caldera has turned into a 250 m deep lake with greenish water (due to dissolved minerals). There are hot springs on the eastern slope of the volcano, and fumaroles have formed at the bottom of the lake. (Annom)
3. Crater lakes of the Albertine Rift in Africa. In a region full of people, there are still some empty spaces - for example, the rift in Queen Elizabeth Park with crater lakes formed by volcanic eruptions. If in the 1920s and 1960s this place would not have been taken over by environmental agencies, they might not be here now. The Albertine Rift is backed by some of the highest mountains in Africa, including Mount Virunga, Mitumba and Rwenzori. There are rift lakes here, which include some of the deepest lakes in the world (up to 1470 m). Much of the region lies within national parks, such as Virunga Park in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Rwenzori Park and Queen Elizabeth Park in Uganda. Lake Victoria is considered part of the Rift Valley system, although it actually lies between two branches. All the great lakes of Africa were formed as a result of the formation of a rift and are located within the rift valley. (Joel Sartore)
4. Kelimutu Crater Lake, Flores Island, Indonesia. There are three amazing crater lakes of different colors in the Kelimutu volcano. Tiwu Ata Mbutu (Lake of the Old People) is usually blue and is the westernmost of the three. The other two - Tivu Nuva Muri Koo Fai (Lake of Young Boys and Maidens) and Tivu Ata Polo (Enchanted or Enchanted Lake) are separated from each other by a crater wall, and the colors of the water in them are green and red, respectively. Kelimutu is very interesting for geologists, because these three lakes have different colors of water, but are located on the crest of the same volcano. (Rosino)
5. Pinabuto volcano crater lake, Luzon, Philippines. Lake Pinabuto is a crater lake at the top of the Pinabuto volcano, which appeared after its eruption on June 15, 1991. The lake is located near the borders of the Philippine provinces of Pampanya, Tarlac and Zambales. This is the deepest lake in the country - 800 m. It is located about 90 km northwest of the capital Manila. (nucksfan604 on Flickr)
6. Crater lake of the Zao volcano, Honshu, Japan. Mount Zao is a complex volcano on the border between Yamagata Prefecture and Miyagi in Japan. It consists of several stratovolcanoes and is the most active volcano in northern Honshu. The group's central volcano includes several lava domes and a tuff cone containing a crater lake called Okkama. It is also called the "Pond of Five Flowers" because. it changes color depending on the weather. The lake is located in a crater formed by a volcanic eruption in the 1720s. The diameter of the lake is 360 m, the depth is 60 m. This is one of the main attractions of the region. (Aaron Jarrad)
7. Crater Lake of Katmai Volcano, Alaska, USA. Katmai is a large stratovolcano on the Alaska Peninsula within the Katmai National Park and Preserve. Its diameter is about 10 km, and the parameters of the lake inside are 4.5 x 3 km. It was formed during the 1912 eruption. The maximum elevation of the edge of the caldera is 2047 m. In 1975, the surface of the crater was at an altitude of about 1286 m, and the bottom was somewhere at 1040 m. The volcano is located on Kodiak Island. (Captain Budd Christman, NOAA Corps)
8. The tip of the volcano in the crater lake of the volcano Taal, Luzon, Philippines. Taal Volcano is a complex volcano on the island of Luzon, Philippines. The lake partially fills the Taal caldera, which was formed by powerful prehistoric eruptions sometime between 140,000 and 5380 BC. BC. Viewed from the Tagaytay Range, Tal Volcano and its lake are the most beautiful sights in the Philippines. It is located 50 km south of Manila. A lone rock sticking out of the lake is the footprint of an old volcano, which is now surrounded by a lake 2 km wide. This tip is now the largest island in the lake on the island, which is located in the lake on the island, i.e. tip in crater lake on Taal Island in Taal Lake, on the island of Luzon. What is incomprehensible? (Junjun Mac1)
9. Deriba Crater Lake, Marra Volcano, Darfur, Sudan. Deriba Crater is the highest point of the Marra volcano at an altitude of 3042 m, in Darfur, in the western part of Sudan. The edge of the caldera became the new highest point in Sudan after the independence of South Sudan. Its diameter is 5-8 km along the outer edge of the crater. The inner crater is filled with a lake. Deriba caldera, 5 km wide, was formed by the eruption of the Marra volcano about 3500 years ago. The volcano is considered dormant, but not extinct, because. it still has hot springs and fumaroles. (J Williams)
10. Crater Lake, Ruapehu volcano, New Zealand. Ruapehu Volcano is an active stratovolcano in the southern part of the Taupo Volcanic Zone in New Zealand. It is located 23 km northeast of Ohakune and 40 km northwest of the south shore of Lake Taupo, within the Tongariro National Park. On its slopes are the main ski slopes and glaciers of the North Island. Ruapehu is one of the most active volcanoes in the world and the largest active volcano in New Zealand. This is the highest point of the North Island, which includes three peaks: Tahurangi (2797 m), Te Heuheu (2755 m) and Paretetaitonga (2751 m). A deep active crater lies between the peaks and is filled with a lake. (Adrian Macneil)
11. Yak Loum Crater Lake, Ratanakiri, Cambodia. Yak Loum is a lake and a popular attraction in the Ratanakiri province in northeastern Cambodia. The beautiful lake, located about 5 km from the provincial capital of Banlung, occupies a 4,000-year-old volcanic crater. Due to the incredible depth of the lake (48 m), its waters are very clean and transparent. The lake has an almost perfect round shape (0.72 km in diameter). The lake is surrounded by dense forests, where many exotic birds live. (Ethan Crowley, of Ethan Crowley Productions)
12. Crater Lake Kerid, Iceland. Kerid is a volcanic lake in the south of Iceland, on a popular tourist route known as the Golden Circle. It is one of several crater lakes in the region known as the Western Volcanic Zone, which includes the Reykjanes Peninsula and the Langjökull Glacier. The caldera is made up of red volcanic rock. Its depth is about 55 m, width - 170 m, and diameter - 270 m. It is about 3000 years old, it is half the age of the surrounding volcanic formations. While most of the crater has a steep slope with little vegetation, one wall slopes more smoothly and has moss growing on it. You can easily walk down it. The lake itself is relatively shallow (7-14 m), but thanks to the minerals in the soil, it has a stunning shade. (progresschrome)
13. Crater Lake Licancabur, Chile. Licancabur is a symmetrical stratovolcano in the southern part of the country, on the border of Chile and Bolivia. The lower three quarters of the northern slope belong to Bolivia (from 5400 m from the base to 4360 m), and the largest part belongs to Chile. The peak and the crater are located in Chile, its width is about 400 m, and the parameters of the lake inside are 70-90 m. Most of the year, Lake Licancabur is covered with ice. This is one of the highest lakes in the world, and despite the air temperature, which can reach -30°C, there is a planktonic fauna. (Albert Baker)
14. Geothermal crater lake Viti, Askja, Iceland. Askja is a stratovolcano in a remote part of the central highlands of Iceland. The name Askja refers to a complex of several calderas within the Dingjyfjoll mountains, rising up to 1510 m. In Icelandic, askja means "box" or "caldera". This region is only accessible for a few months of the year. It is located in the rain shadow area, with only 450 mm of precipitation falling here every year. This area was used during the test of the Apollo program to train astronauts to fly to the moon. Oskuvatn is a large lake that fills most of a small caldera that was created by the 1875 eruption. Its surface lies about 50 m below the main crater floor and covers about 12 km². When the lake formed, it was warm, but today it is covered with ice for most of the year. This is the second deepest lake in Iceland (220 m). Viti is a small crater on the northeastern shore of the lake with a diameter of about 150 m. It contains a geothermal lake with mineral-rich water. (Boaworm)
15. Divine lake, Paektusan volcano, China, North Korea. Divine Lake is a crater lake on the border of China and North Korea. It lies within the caldera on the Paektusan volcano. It is partly located in Yanggang Province, North Korea, and partly located in Jilin Province, China. The caldera where the lake is located was formed as a result of a major eruption in 969. The surface of the lake is located at an elevation of 2189 m. The lake covers an area of 9.82 km². The average depth of the lake is 213 m, the maximum is 384 m. From mid-October to mid-June, it is usually covered with ice. (Bdpmax)
Lake Quilatoa is a water-filled caldera in the westernmost volcano of the Ecuadorian Andes, located in the province of Cotopaxi. The crater lake can be reached via a hiking trail that passes through several remote Andean villages in Ecuador. This route, as a rule, takes 3-4 days, you can get there faster by intercity bus.
Photo: Wikimedia
In 1991, Mount Pinatubo exploded, destroying its original summit. The result was an acidic lake, but heavy rains helped to increase the volume of water and form a normal pH balance.
Photo: Love These Pics
Okama is a round crater lake surrounded by the three mountains of the Zao Range. The water in it has a high content of acids. The color on the surface magically changes depending on the sunlight.
Photo: Trover
Inferno is a crater lake with signs of a geyser, the waters of which maintain a temperature of 35 to 80°C and high acidity up to pH 2.2. The reservoir was formed from an explosion on the slope of Mount Haszard during the eruption of the Tarawera volcano in 1886.
Photo: Travel Tourism Blog
Keriz or Kerid is a volcanic lake located in the Grimsnes region in southern Iceland, on the Golden Ring tourist route. This is one of the most popular crater lakes in the region.
Photo: Guilhem DE COOMAN
Lyotipollur means "ugly puddle", but beauty can be found even in the ugliest, right? This red lake is located in the south of the Icelandic Highlands, in the southernmost crater of the Veydivotn system.
Photo: Atlas of Wonders
Fakaari (Whakaari) or the Isle of Wight is an active andesitic stratovolcano, lying 48 km from the east coast of the North Island of New Zealand. The eruption in 2000 led to the formation of a new crater, which turned into a lake.
Photo: MarliMillerPhoto
Crater Lake in Oregon is one of the most famous calderas in the world with deep blue clear water. It is the main attraction of Crater Lake National Park and the deepest lake in the United States.
Photo: CRONICAS DE LA GUINEA ECUATORIAL
Lago de Moca is located at an altitude of 1500 meters above sea level, 70 km from the capital of Equatorial Guinea. This place got its name in honor of the former local ruler of the African people Bubi. It is now a popular tourist destination and part of the protected area of the Luba Crater Science Reserve.
Photo: Travel Pal
Lonar is an endorheic salt lake in a meteorite crater, located a few hours drive from the Indian city of Aurangabad. Soda and salt deposits are formed on the shore of an alkaline reservoir. The smell is unforgettable, but it does not scare away tourists.
Photo:
Yugama is a crater lake at the top of Mount Kusatsu-Shirane. It is known as the most acidic body of water in Japan.
Photo: Earth Observatory
The volcano La Cumbre is located on the uninhabited island of Fernandina, which is known as a pristine island. It is unique in that there is not a single introduced mammal here.
Photo: Our planet
Maly Semyachik is an active stratovolcano with the Troitsky crater, which is filled with a hot, acidic lake.
Photo: Wikipedia
Lake Deriba lies at the highest point of the Jebal Marra Mountains in a high-walled volcanic crater.
Photo: Volcano Cafe
Hnausapollur is one of two crater lakes (the first is No. 6 Ljotipollur) in the Veydivotn system south of the Tyungnaau River.
Photo: Tan Yilmaz
Lake Rano Kau is easily recognized by its green grass thickets. It lies at the bottom of the Rano Kau shield volcano, whose eruption was instrumental in the emergence of Easter Island in the South Pacific.
Photo: Pinterest
Lake Eskuvan is located in the crater of the Askja volcano in the northeastern part of the Vatnaekul glacier. It was formed after a powerful eruption in 1875. Escuvan is the second deepest lake in Iceland.
Photo: TravelCie
Lake Toba is located in the caldera of an extinct supervolcano of the same name. It lies on the site of a grandiose eruption, which became the largest explosion on Earth in the last 25 million years.
Photo: CopiPanas
Segara Anak Lake was formed in the caldera of the Rinjani volcano and covers an area of about 11 square kilometers. This stunning blue body of water is located at an altitude of more than 2000 meters above sea level.
Photo: Dieter Behrens
A walk in East Java of more than three kilometers leads to a surreal turquoise lake surrounded by sulfur. This is an unusual color for a landscape on top of a volcano. Ijen is the main source of livelihood for local residents who mine sulfur from the volcano.
Photo: Tan Yilmaz
Lake Cuicocha is located in a three-kilometer caldera at the foot of the Cotacachi volcano in the Western Cordillera of the Andes. In the center of the lake lies a pig-shaped island, which is why it is called "Lago del Cuy" or Guinea Pig Lagoon.
Photo: Fine Art America
According to the legend of Eldorado, it was probably on Lake Guatavita that the Muisca Indians performed a ritual during which they threw gold into the sacred waters. This round body of water is one of the most popular ecotourism destinations in Colombia.
Photo:
The volcanic island of Oba is often hidden in the clouds. When it is still open for viewing from above, two lakes, resembling a pair of emerald or turquoise eyes, attract attention. This island is considered the largest volcano in the Republic of Vanuatu.
Photo: Wikipedia
This crater lake has become a major local attraction. Blue Lake is interesting for its ability to change shades of blue depending on the season. From the end of March it is dark blue, and then from the beginning of November it acquires a deep turquoise color.
Photo: Costa Rica Guide
Diego de la Aya is a lake in one of the craters of the Irazu volcano in the Central Cordillera. The depth of the reservoir is over 90 meters. Its waters are distinguished by high mineralization and the ability to change color from emerald green to dark red.
Photo.
