Year of foundation Pereslavl Zalessky. Rest in Pereslavl-Zalessky

Pereslavl-Zalessky

city, r.c., Yaroslavl region It was first mentioned in chronicles under 1152. How mountains Pereslavl, founded book. Yuri Dolgoruky. Oikonym was transferred from the Kyiv land, where mountains Pereyaslavl is already mentioned under 907 G. From XV V. to distinguish it from other cities of the same name, the definition of Zalessky is added to the name Pereslavl, that is, located in Zalesye, - this is how the Rostov-Suzdal principality was called in Ancient Rus'. Cm. also Lake Pleshcheyevo.

Geographical names of the world: Toponymic dictionary. - M: AST. Pospelov E.M. 2001 .

Pereslavl-Zalessky

city in Yaroslavl region , to the southeast. shore of the lake Pleshcheyevo (at the confluence of the Trubezh River), 124 km to the southwest. from Yaroslavl. 44 thousand inhabitants (2003). Founded in 1152 by Prince Yuri Dolgoruky as Pereyaslavl (it was called so until the 15th century), was a fortified point on the border of the Rostov-Suzdal principality. In 1175-1302 - the center of Pereyaslavl-Zalessky principality. In 1688–93 Peter I built a training "amusing" flotilla on the lake. In the center, earthen ramparts of ancient fortifications have been preserved, inside of which is the Transfiguration Cathedral (1152, 1157–60). Ensembles of Fedorovsky (XV century), Danilovo-Troitsky (1508), Goritsky (XV century), Nikitsky (XVI century) monasteries. Historical artist museum with branches (museum-estate "Botik" of Peter I, local history museum, art gallery). Chem., construction., light and food. prom. Near the city - ex. the estate of F. I. Chaliapin.

Dictionary of modern geographical names. - Yekaterinburg: U-Factoria. Under the general editorship of Acad. V. M. Kotlyakova. 2006 .

Pereslavl-Zalessky

Pereslavl-Zalessky (until the 15th century Pereyaslavl) is a city in the Russian Federation (cm. Russia), regional center of Yaroslavl (cm. Yaroslavl region) areas (cm. Yaroslavl region). The city is located in the northeastern part of the Klinsko-Dmitrovskaya ridge, on the southeastern shore of Lake Pleshcheyevo, at the confluence of the Trubezh River, 21 km from the Beredeevo railway station, 124 km southwest of Yaroslavl. Population - 44.7 thousand inhabitants (2001). Pereslavl-Zalessky is part of the Golden Ring of Russia (cm. Gold ring of Russia).
The city was founded in 1152 as a fortress on the southern borders of North-Eastern Rus' by Prince Yuri Dolgoruky upon his return from a campaign against the city of Chernigov. Pereslavl had fortifications with a high shaft (up to 10 m), double wooden walls (not preserved) with 12 towers, three of which were travel. The fortifications were covered by the Trubezh River, as well as a large ditch called the Grobley River. The first prince of Pereslavl was Vsevolod the Big Nest. Pereslavl was the center of the Pereslavl Opole, a fertile agricultural region. In the city in May 1220, Alexander Nevsky was born, whose life is closely connected with the history of Pereslavl. Until the beginning of the 15th century, the city was repeatedly subjected to Tatar raids, in 1611-1612 it suffered from Polish invaders. Since the 15th century, Pereslavl-Zalessky has been the patrimony of the Moscow princes.
In 1688-1693, on Lake Pleshcheyevo, near the village of Veskovo, Peter I built a "funny" flotilla. In the future, Peter I repeatedly visited these places, showed concern for the preservation of the ships, yachts, galleys built here. In 1708 the city was assigned to the Moscow province. In 1778, Pereslavl-Zalessky received the status of a county town and became part of the Vladimir governorate, later a province.Sights
The oldest building in Pereslavl is the Transfiguration Cathedral, built in 1152-1157. Sergius of Radonezh was ordained hegumen here, Alexander Nevsky was baptized, the temple was burned and plundered several times. Until the end of the 19th century, the cathedral housed the contributions of Yuri Dolgoruky - a silver chalice, a goblet and an icon of the Savior, which are now stored in the Historical Museum of Moscow. Next to the cathedral on Red Square stands the church in the name of Metropolitan Peter, built in 1585.

A special role in the appearance of Pereslavl belongs to the monasteries. One of the oldest monasteries in Russia is the Nikitsky Monastery, supposedly founded in 1010 by Prince Boris in honor of the Great Martyr Nikita. The central place in the monastery is occupied by the Nikitsky Cathedral, built in 1561-1564. On the south side of the cathedral is the chapel of Nikita the Stylite. To the south of the cathedral is a complex of monastic buildings, among which stands out the Church of the Annunciation with a refectory and a bell tower (1564). Fraternal cells of the 17th-18th centuries and an octagonal chapel with preserved paintings on the life of Nikita the Stylite have been preserved on the territory of the monastery. The fortress walls and towers of the Nikitsky Monastery were built in the 17th-18th centuries.

In the southern part of Pereslavl, the Assumption Goritsky Monastery is located, presumably founded in the 12th century on the site of the Shutovaya Grove - a pagan temple. In 1382 the monastery was burnt down by the Tatars. The current ensemble was formed in the 17th-18th centuries. It includes the Holy Gates with the Nikolskaya gate tower of the 17th century; Assumption Cathedral (the beginning of construction dates back to the second half of the 18th century); Church of All Saints with a refectory (17th century); Church of the Epiphany with a bell tower (18th century); two 18th century towers; wooden chapels of the 19th century. The Historical and Art Museum-Reserve, located on the territory of the Goritsky Monastery, was opened in 1919 thanks to the efforts of local historian M. I. Smirnov. The museum's collection includes tens of thousands of exhibits.

Opposite the Goritsky Monastery there is a male monastery - the Trinity-Danilov Monastery, founded in 1508 by the hieromonk of the Goritsky Monastery Daniel. The center of the monastery is the Trinity Cathedral built in 1532. In the 17th century, after the ruin in the Time of Troubles, the monastery was rebuilt in stone at the expense of Prince IP Baryatinsky. Then the Church of the Praise of the Virgin with a refectory (1653-1696), a bell tower with a German clock (1689), a stone church of All Saints (1687) were created. The walls of the monastery have not been preserved, but the Holy Gates with the gate church of Our Lady of Tikhvin (1750) have remained.

The most remote of the monasteries in Pereslavl is the Fedorovsky Monastery, founded in memory of the battle between the Tverites and the Muscovites. In the center of the cathedral square is the Cathedral of Fyodor Stratilat - the most ancient building of the monastery (1562). In 1710, the sister of Tsar Peter I, Natalya Alekseevna, rebuilt the Vvedenskaya Church, and in 1714, the hospital church of Our Lady of Kazan. The shrines of the monastery - the icons of the Fedorov Mother of God (the family icon of the Romanov dynasty) and the Bogolyubskaya Mother of God - had all-Russian fame. Nikolsky Monastery was founded by Dmitry Prilutsky presumably in 1348. The monastery was seriously destroyed already under Soviet rule - in 1932. The Annunciation Church of the 18th century, the cells of the late 19th century were restored in the monastery, the monastery fence with the gate was rebuilt.

The architectural appearance of Pereslavl cannot be imagined without churches located on many squares and streets. Among them are: Vladimirskaya (1745), Alexander Nevsky Church (1746), Sorokosvyatskaya in Rybnaya Sloboda (1775), Simeonovskaya (1771), Chernigov Chapel (1702), Sretenskaya (late 18th - early 19th century). Of the civil buildings of the 18th century, the estate of the merchants Timerins (second half of the 18th century) and the building of the oldest manufactory in Russia have been preserved.
Of interest to tourists is the museum-estate "Boat of Peter I" with a stone obelisk in honor of Peter I. His boat "Fortune" is kept here. Not far from the museum-estate is the ancient village of Usolye, known from the stories of M. M. Prishvin, whose house has been preserved in the village. In addition, Pereslavl has a museum of the history of the fleet, a railway museum, and an arboretum garden (founded in 1956 by the forester S. F. Kharitonov). Near the city is the estate of F. I. Chaliapin, the cottage of the artist K. A. Korovin. On the shore of Lake Pleshcheyevo, near the Veksa River, there is the Kukhmar tract, where there was a Neolithic site. In the vicinity of Pereslavl, the Kleshchinsky complex was discovered - an archaeological monument, the center of which is the annalistic predecessor of Pereslavl, the city of Kleshchin. Near the city is Alexandrova Mountain, the top of which is popularly called Yarilina Plesh, and at its foot lies Sin-Stone - a place of worship for the pagans.
The Pereslavl Museum of History and Art is located in the School Building of the Goritsky Monastery. The museum was founded in 1918, unites the museum of local lore, the art gallery named after D.N. Kardovsky, the estate "Botik" and Gorki-Pereslavsky (the estate of the merchant A.A. Ganshin restored in 1964 and 1985 - the reason for the restoration was the fact that here one of the works of V. I. Lenin was printed underground).

Encyclopedia of Tourism Cyril and Methodius. 2008 .

Synonyms:

See what "Pereslavl-Zalessky" is in other dictionaries:

Pereslavl-Zalessky- Pereslavl Zalessky. View of a part of the city. PERESLAVL ZALESSKY (before the 15th century Pereyaslavl), a city in the Yaroslavl region, in Russia, on the shores of Lake Pleshcheyevo, at the mouth of the Trubezh River. 43.4 thousand inhabitants. Railroad station. Manufacture of magnetic tape, ... ... Illustrated Encyclopedic Dictionary

- (until the 15th century Pereyaslavl), a city in the Yaroslavl region, on the shore of the lake. Pleshcheevo, at the mouth of the river. Trubezh, 21 km from the railway station. d. st. Berendeevo. 45.2 thousand inhabitants (1998). PA Slavich (production of magnetic tape, photographic paper, etc.); light, food industry. ... ... Russian history

- (until the 15th century Pereyaslavl), a city in the Yaroslavl region of the RSFSR, on the shores of Lake Pleshcheyevo. Founded in 1152 by Prince Yuri Dolgoruky as one of the fortified points that covered the Rostov-Suzdal land. Remains of urban earthworks have been preserved ... ... Art Encyclopedia

Pereslavl-Zalessky- Pereslavl Zalessky. Pereslavl Zalessky, a city in the Yaroslavl region, the center of the Pereslavl district, 124 km southwest of Yaroslavl. It is located in the northeastern part of the Klinsko-Dmitrovskaya ridge, on the southeastern shore of Lake Pleshcheyevo, at ... ... Dictionary "Geography of Russia"

- (until the 15th century Pereyaslavl) a city in the Russian Federation, Yaroslavl region, on the shore of the lake. Pleshcheyevo, at the mouth of the river. Trubezh. Railroad station. 43.5 thousand inhabitants (1993). Slavich Production Association (production of magnetic tape, photographic paper and ... ... Big Encyclopedic Dictionary

Exist., Number of synonyms: 1 city (2765) ASIS Synonym Dictionary. V.N. Trishin. 2013 ... Synonym dictionary

This term has other meanings, see Pereslavl Zalessky (film, 1960). This term has other meanings, see Pereyaslavl. The city of Pereslavl Zalessky Flag Coat of arms ... Wikipedia

Located on the Trubezh River and Lake Pleshcheyevo, 117 kilometers from the regional center, 140 kilometers from the capital of Russia. The area of the settlement is 23 square kilometers.

According to historical data, the city appeared in 1152 thanks to Prince Yuri Dolgoruky, who wanted to make the North-Eastern capital of Pereslavl-Zalessky.

At the end of the 13th century, the settlement became the actual capital of North-Eastern Rus'. Also at this time, Pereslavl was plundered several times by the Horde invaders.

In 1374, a meeting of boyars and princes was organized in the city, at which the question of the liberation of Rus' from the Tatar-Mongol yoke was first raised.

In 1688, on the city lake, by decree of Peter, the construction of a flotilla began, and four years later, a parade was organized in honor of the completion of construction.

In 1884, the Pereslavl water pipeline was built in the village. In 1936, the city became part of the Yaroslavl region. In Pereslavl, Moscow time is msk.

The telephone code of Pereslavl-Zalessky is 48535. The postal code is 152024.

Industrial enterprises: bakery, production of plastic tableware, workshop of the Kodak company, production of building materials, tobacco production, food production.

The city is part of the Golden Ring tourist route.

Climate and weather

Pereslavl-Zalessky has a temperate continental climate.

Winters are moderately cold and long. Summer is warm and short.

The warmest month is July - the average temperature is 18.2 degrees, the coldest month is February - the average temperature is -8.3 degrees.

The average annual rainfall is 635 mm.

Weather in Pereslavl-Zalessky

The population of the city of Pereslavl-Zalessky for 2019-2020

Population data obtained from the State Statistics Service. Graph of population change over the past 10 years.

The total number of residents in 2018 was 38.6 thousand people.

The data from the graph shows a steady decline in the population from 42,700 people in 2006 to 38,649 people in 2018.

As of January 2019, in terms of the number of inhabitants, Pereslavl-Zalessky ranked 402 out of 1117 cities of the Russian Federation.

Attractions Pereslavl-Zalessky

1.Lake Pleshcheyevo- a natural landmark of the south-west of the Yaroslavl region. Overall dimensions of the reservoir: length up to 9 kilometers, width up to 6 kilometers, depth up to 25 meters. A pumping station is installed near the lake, which supplies the city with water.

2.blue stone- a historical natural object, which is located on the shores of Lake Pleshcheyevo and has been here since the time of pagan Rus'. The stone got its name for its ability to change its color depending on the weather. Overall dimensions of the stone: length - 3 meters, width - 2.6 meters, weight 12 tons.

3.Monument to Yuri Dolgoruky- a monument in the form of a bronze bust was erected in honor of the founder of Pereslavl-Zalessky. At the moment, the monument is located on the territory of the Goritsky monastery.

Transport

The city is home to the railway station Pereslavl, which connects the city with Rostov, Yaroslavl, Moscow, Aleksandrov.

Public transport consists of buses and fixed-route taxis.

From the bus station of the city there are bus services to

Pereslavl-Zalessky is an ancient Russian city founded by Yuri Dolgoruky near Lake Pleshcheyevo. The city became famous for the fact that Alexander Nevsky was born in it, and in 1688 Peter the Great built the Amusing Flotilla here. In Pereslavl-Zalessky there are numerous church monuments, important historical events for the Russian state took place here.

The city is a protected area, part of the Golden Ring of Russia.

Founding and name of the city

In 1152, Prince Yuri Dolgoruky, on the banks of the Trubezh River, where it flows into Lake Pleshcheyevo, founded the city and called it Pereyaslavl, which means “Having Adopted Glory” in Old Slavonic.

It was the third city in ancient Rus' with this name: at that time there were already

Pereyaslavl on the territory of modern Ukraine, renamed in 1943 to Pereslavl-Khmelnitsky
Pereyaslav-Ryazansky, renamed Ryazan in 1773.

In the 15th century, the city founded by Yuri Dolgoruky began to be called Pereslavl-Zalessky, since it was located in Zalesye, that is, behind the forest that separated this area from the Kyiv and Chernigov lands.

The city was located 130 km from Moscow at the crossroads of many trade routes and in those days was famous and rich.

Here, on May 30, 1221, the great Russian commander Alexander Nevsky was born, and he was baptized in the ancient Cathedral of the Transfiguration of the Savior.

In honor of Alexander Nevsky, a mountain on the shore of Lake Pleshcheyevo, formerly known as Yarilina Gora, is named. Not far from the Alexander Hill, there is the so-called "blue stone", which was considered sacred by the pagans.

Kremlin of Pereslavl-Zalessky

During the reign of Prince Yuri Dolgoruky, on the shore of Lake Pleshcheev (then it was Kleshchino Lake), there was a strong fortress for its time - a fortified princely town, called Kleshchin.

According to the chronicle, in 1152 the prince moved the city from Lake Kleshchina to a new place - at the intersection of important trade routes near the mouth of the Trubezh River.

In the new city, Yuri Dolgoruky erected a stone church of the Holy Savior, and also built fortifications, the most powerful among those that were built in the cities founded by the prince.

The built Kremlin was the central part of the ancient Russian city. The length of its shafts was almost 2.5 kilometers, the height was from 10 to 16 meters, and the width reached 6 meters. Wooden walls with towers were built on top of the ramparts. Researchers believe that in the XII-XIII centuries in the Vladimir-Suzdal land this fortress was the second most powerful after the capital Vladimir.

From the outside, the walls of the Kremlin were protected by natural barriers - the Trubezh River and its tributary Murmazh (now covered), as well as a specially dug moat. Thus, the fortress was surrounded on all sides by water.

The Kremlin was captured and robbed by the Horde more than once, it also suffered greatly in the Time of Troubles, but after each destruction, its walls and towers were restored. Only in 1759 the wooden walls were dismantled as unnecessary and because of dilapidation.

At present, a magnificent panorama of the old city opens from the ancient Pereslavl ramparts.

Spaso-Preobrazhensky Cathedral in Pereslavl-Zalessky

Simultaneously with the defensive structures in the northern part of the fortress in 1152-1157, a single-domed white-stone Cathedral of the Transfiguration of the Savior was erected. This is a cross-domed four-foot temple, the construction of which was already completed under Andrei Bogoslovsky, the successor of Yuri Dolgoruky. The cathedral is the earliest of the first five white-stone churches of North-Eastern Rus' and the only one that has come down to us in good condition.

During its history, the Transfiguration Cathedral has been restored many times, but, in general, has retained its original appearance. Its height was 22 meters, and the width of the walls - from 1 to 1.3 meters.

The temple is located on Red Square. Interestingly, the name of the Red Square in Moscow was borrowed from the Pereslavl Red Square.

Initially, the cathedral inside was covered with frescoes, but all of them were removed during the restoration carried out in the 19th century. Their surviving fragment was transferred to the Historical Museum of Moscow, and at present the walls inside the temple are white.

In ancient times, the cathedral was of great importance for the life of the city and was part of the system of its defensive structures.

Many princes of Pereslavl were baptized in the temple, including Alexander Nevsky. The son and grandson of Alexander Nevsky, Dmitry Alexandrovich and Ivan Dmitrievich, are buried in the cathedral.

Near the temple there was once a princely palace, which, as researchers believe, was connected with the cathedral by a gallery.

In 1958, in gratitude to his countryman, a monument to Alexander Nevsky was erected opposite the Transfiguration Church.

The heyday of Pereslavl-Zalessky

The city reached its peak under the Grand Duke Vsevolod the Big Nest and his son Yaroslav. During the reign of Prince Vsevolod, who was a far-sighted politician and a skilled warrior, Pereslavl-Zalessky became one of the significant centers of culture of Vladimir-Suzdal Rus.

Educated people served at the court of Prince Yaroslav, thanks to whom the historical chronicle "The Chronicler of Pereslavl of Suzdal" was written. During the same period, the famous icon painters and wood carvers created many wonderful works of art.

Pereslavl-Zalessky - the ruin of the city

In February 1238, the Mongol-Tatars took many Russian cities, among which were Vladimir and Pereyaslavl-Zalessky. In addition, during the internecine war in 1293, Prince Andrei, in the struggle for the throne against his brother Dmitry, used the hordes of the Mongol-Tatars to capture Russian cities, among which was Pereslavl-Zalessky.

In the future, ruins and sieges repeatedly fell to the lot of Pereyaslavl - for example, only the warriors of Batu ravaged the principality six times.

Accession to the Moscow principality

Like Alexander Nevsky, his son Dmitry Alexandrovich proved to be an outstanding commander of his time. Under him, Pereslavl reached its short but brilliant heyday. In 1276, Dmitry received a great reign, but, having become the Grand Duke and having completed all the formalities in Vladimir, he remained in Pereslavl, which became the capital city of the Russian land.

His son Ivan Dmitrievich had no direct heirs and bequeathed Pereslavl to his uncle Daniil Alexandrovich, the first Moscow prince, the youngest son of Alexander Nevsky. So the first stone was laid in the foundation of the future Russian state. This event was important for the formation of Moscow as the capital of Rus'.

It is interesting that a tradition appeared as a sign of the voluntary accession of Pereslavl-Zalessky to the Moscow principality. At the coronation of the heir to the Moscow throne, smoked Pereslavl vendace, which is found in Lake Pleshcheyevo, was served on the royal table.

Pereslavl-Zalessky as a religious capital

During this period, the city was actually the second religious capital of the Russian state. The names of metropolitans Pimen, Athanasius and Peter, as well as many famous church leaders and saints, are associated with Pereslavl, including:

Sergius of Radonezh, consecrated to the rank of abbot in the Cathedral of the Transfiguration of the Savior
Dmitry Prilutsky, born in Pereslavl-Zalessky. In the Assumption Goritsky Monastery, the miracle worker took monastic tonsure, founded the St. Nicholas Monastery on the shore of Lake Pleshcheyevo and became its abbot.

Vasily III and Ivan the Terrible came to Pereslavl churches on a pilgrimage. The Russian tsars made rich contributions to the Nikitsky and Trinity, Danilov and Goritsky monasteries.

Pereslavl-Zalessky during the Troubles

In 1608, Pereslavl-Zalessky was captured by the Poles, but on September 1, 1609, the Russian army, led by Mikhail Skopin-Shuisky, liberated the city. Later, detachments of the first zemstvo militia went from here to liberate Moscow.

In the summer of 1611, the city managed to withstand the siege of the hetman Sapieha, and in 1618 - the attack of Polish soldiers, under the leadership of the Polish prince Vladislav.

The development and decline of the economy in the 19th century

At the beginning of the 19th century, Pereslavl-Zalessky was a large city with numerous churches, factories and mills, forges and stone houses under construction. The White Sea trade route passed through the city, the shortest and most convenient way from Moscow to Arkhangelsk.

At the same time, the built Northern Railway bypassed Pereslavl, 18 versts from it, which led to the fact that the economy of the Zalessky city began to decline. And gradually the once developed city turns into a quiet and inconspicuous county town. Neither sufficiently developed industry and trade, nor numerous ancient shrines and historical monuments saved him from this fate.

The Pereslavl land has always attracted writers and artists - writers Nikolai Ostrovsky and Mikhail Prishvin, painter Konstantin Korovin and many other masters captured it in their works.

To date, the city rampart surrounding the historical center of the city, as well as monuments of church architecture, has been preserved. These are six monasteries, four of which are active and 9 churches:

Nikitsky Monastery
Nikolsky Monastery
Holy Trinity Danilov Monastery
Feodorovsky Monastery
Sretensky Novodevichy Convent closed in 1764
The Goritsky Monastery was closed in 1744, at present it is a Historical, Architectural and Art Museum-Reserve.

In the Goritsky Monastery you can see unique monuments of antiquity and art, including church utensils, paintings and furniture, household items and other historical values.

Among the 9 surviving churches, the most notable are:

Spaso-Preobrazhensky Cathedral of the XII century, the oldest architectural monument of North-Eastern Rus'
Tent church of Peter the Metropolitan in 1585.

Museum-estate "Botik of Peter the Great"

The city became famous for the fact that here, on the shores of Lake Pleshcheyevo, at the end of the 17th century, Peter the Great built an amusing fleet, which became the basis of Russian shipbuilding.

In 1692, the ships built on Lake Pleshcheyevo were launched. Peter the Great was kind to the ships and ordered them to be protected. However, during a fire in 1783, almost all of them were destroyed, only the Fortuna boat remained, built, according to the stories, by the hands of the king himself.

On Mount Gremyach, on the southern shore of Lake Pleshcheyevo, there is the Historical Museum-Estate "Boat of Peter the Great", where you can see Peter's boat "Fortune".

Today Lake Pleshcheyevo is one of the largest lakes in the Upper Volga region and the center of the National Park of the same name. The size of the lake is more than 6.5 km by 9.5 km.

In Soviet times, Pereslavl-Zalessky lost many city churches, but even now it is one of the centers of Russian Orthodoxy. This is a cozy and attractive place for tourists with beautiful landscapes and ancient Orthodox shrines.

Subject of the federation	Yaroslavl region Yaroslavl region
urban district	Pereslavl-Zalessky
Coordinates	56°44′17″ N sh. 38°51′22″ E d.
Mayor	Koshurnikov Denis Viktorovich
Based
Former names	Pereyaslavl, Pereyaslavl-Zalessky
Square
Center height
Population	↘ 40,028 people (2015)
Density	1779.02 people/km²
demonym	pereslavl, pereslavl
Timezone
Telephone code
Postal codes
car code
OKATO code
OKTMO code	78 705 000 001
Official site

Pereslavl-Zalessky - a city (from 1152) of regional subordination (urban district) in the Yaroslavl region, the administrative center of the Pereslavl district, which is not included. Population - 40,028 people. (2015).

The city is located 140 kilometers from Moscow, on the M8 Kholmogory highway Moscow - Arkhangelsk, on the shore of Lake Pleshcheyevo, at the confluence of the Trubezh River. Center of the Pleshcheyevo Lake National Park. The kilometer sign "140 km" is located in the city center at the turn from Svoboda Street to Rostovskaya Street. Terminal railway station on the freight line from Berendeevo (Moscow-Yaroslavl line).

The city is part of the Golden Ring of Russia. In 2009, the city was visited by 292.6 thousand people, 91% of whom came here on a tour. At the same time, 2% of tourists (5.8 thousand people) were foreigners.

Source: Wikipedia

Ramparts of the city of Kleshchyna
Ramparts of the city of Kleshchyna
blue stone
blue stone
Transfiguration Cathedral
Transfiguration Cathedral
Transfiguration Cathedral
Transfiguration Cathedral
Nikitsky Monastery
Nikitsky Monastery
Nikitsky Monastery
Nikitsky Monastery
Nikitsky Monastery
Dormition Goritsky Monastery
Dormition Goritsky Monastery
Dormition Goritsky Monastery
Dormition Goritsky Monastery
Dormition Goritsky Monastery
Dormition Goritsky Monastery
Dormition Goritsky Monastery
Dormition Goritsky Monastery
Dormition Goritsky Monastery
Dormition Goritsky Monastery
Dormition Goritsky Monastery
Dormition Goritsky Monastery
Holy Trinity Danilov Monastery
Holy Trinity Danilov Monastery
Holy Trinity Danilov Monastery
Holy Trinity Danilov Monastery
Holy Trinity Danilov Monastery
Feodorovsky Monastery
Feodorovsky Monastery
Feodorovsky Monastery
Feodorovsky Monastery
Feodorovsky Monastery
Feodorovsky Monastery
Feodorovsky Monastery
Varvarin spring
Varvarin spring
Church of Alexander Nevsky
St. Volodymyr's Cathedral and Church of Alexander Nevsky
Museum-Estate "Boat of Peter I"
Museum-Estate "Boat of Peter I"
Museum-Estate "Boat of Peter I"
Museum-Estate "Boat of Peter I"
Museum-Estate "Boat of Peter I"
Museum-Estate "Boat of Peter I"
Museum-Estate "Boat of Peter I"
Museum-Estate "Boat of Peter I"
Church of the Forty Martyrs
Church of the Forty Martyrs
Church of the Forty Martyrs
Church of the Forty Martyrs
Church of the Sign
Church of the Sign
iron museum
iron museum
Museum of Alexander Nevsky
Museum of Alexander Nevsky
Teapot Museum
Teapot Museum
Museum of cunning and ingenuity
Museum of cunning and ingenuity
Radio Museum
Radio Museum
Museum of Gramophones and Records
Museum of old sewing machines
Museum of old sewing machines

Pereslavl-Zalessky is one of the most ancient cities in the center of Russia, which is part of the Yaroslavl region. The history of the city is very interesting, it has many significant events. It keeps the memory of many famous personalities, state and religious figures and important milestones in the formation of the Russian state. Located in a very picturesque area, the city is an architectural monument. This is one of the few places where many ancient examples of Russian architecture have survived to our time.
Pereslavl is included in the famous tourist route "Golden Ring of Russia", and is rightfully considered its pearl.

Location

Pereslavl-Zalessky is located in the middle of the way from Moscow to Yaroslavl. Small in area, the city has an elongated shape and occupies many kilometers along the Yaroslavl road.

The place where Pereslavl-Zalessky is located is unconventional for Central Russia. The city was founded on the shore of a large lake at the mouth of the Trubezh River, in its vicinity there are two mountain ranges. Dense mixed forests alternate with open countryside.

Trubezh divides the city into two roughly equal parts. The southern part is less populated, the private sector is located here, in the northern part there are many new buildings.

natural conditions

Zalesky Krai is a protected area. It uniquely combines the vegetation inherent in both the northern forests and the southern taiga.

The undoubted pearl of Zalesye is Lake Pleshcheyevo. This amazing body of water is of glacial origin and is over 30,000 years old.

Lake Pleshcheyevo National Park attracts lovers of hiking in the picturesque area, fishermen and fans of outdoor activities. Here you can swim, go boating, windsurfing.

One of the objects of attention of tourists is the Blue Stone, which is a huge boulder of a grayish-blue color. According to beliefs, this stone has magical properties.

In the dendrological garden of Pereslavl, thousands of plant species from different parts of the world are collected.

City `s history

The first settlements in these places appeared before our era. Their traces near Lake Pleshcheeva and on the coast of the Trubezh River. At the beginning of the new era, the ancient tribe Merya, representing the Finno-Ugric language group, lived on the site of the present Pereslavl-Zalessky. The sanctuaries of this nation include the mysterious Blue Stone, with which many legends are associated.

The beauty of the local nature and the richness of the area attracted the Slavic tribes here. The Krivichi and Slovenes were the first to settle on the shores of Lake Pleshcheyevo.

Over time, a city called Kleshchin appeared on a hill near the lake, on the site of which Pereslavl was built.

The date of foundation of the city is considered to be 1152. Chronicles claim that this year Prince Yuri Dolgoruky ordered to build a fortress here to defend against numerous enemies. A reliable strong structure was surrounded by earthen ramparts about 15 meters high. Inside, the prince ordered to lay a temple of white stone, called the Transfiguration of the Savior. In those days, temples acted as centers of princely power.
According to legend, the created city was named Pereyaslavl Novy, in honor of the native city of Prince Dolgoruky, Pereyaslavl South. Over time, one letter from the name fell out. The definition "Zalessky" appeared due to the geographical location of the city from the phrase "behind the forest".

Heyday

The Pereslavl principality reached its peak in the 12th century, when Prince Vsevolod the Big Nest came to power, and then his son Yaroslav. The city has become one of the cultural centers of Rus'. People with a good education served at the princely court, a chronicle was created here, icon painting, architecture, and woodcarving were greatly developed.

Since the beginning of the 13th century, Pereslavl-Zalessky has been the center of a specific principality. At this time, the reins of government passed to the son of Yaroslav, the famous commander Alexander Nevsky, who ruled the city for 23 years.

Pereslavl is considered the birthplace of Alexander. Many memorable places located here are associated with his name. The prince's chambers stood on Red Square, where the future commander was born, he was baptized in the Transfiguration Cathedral, and Borisoglebsky Monastery, founded by the prince, is located on Alexander Hill. The city has a monument to Alexander Nevsky and a church built in his honor.

The Pereslavl squad, led by the prince, successfully fought during the Battle of the Neva and the Battle of the Ice.

At the end of the 13th century, Pereslavl-Zalessky was repeatedly attacked by the Tatar-Mongols and was significantly ruined.

Since the last ruling prince left no heirs behind, in 1302 the Principality of Pereslavl became part of the Muscovite state.

The reign of Ivan the Terrible

Ivan IV (the Terrible) showed considerable interest in the Principality of Pereslavl. Pereslavl could play an important defensive role, in connection with which the fortified Nikitsky Monastery was built here. There is an assumption that craftsmen from the Caucasus, who came to Moscow together with Ivan the Terrible's wife Maria Temryukovna, took part in the construction of the fortress.

On the initiative of Tsar Ivan the Terrible, in 1564 the fortress walls, towers and cathedral of the ancient Pereslavl monastery, the Nikitsky Monastery, were rebuilt. In honor of the birth of the tsar's son Fyodor, the Cathedral of Fyodor Stratilat is being laid in the Fedorovsky Monastery. Since 1557, at the birthplace of Ivan the Terrible's son, the chapel "Cross" has been standing 7 kilometers from the city.

Pereslavl-Zalessky gradually became a trade and craft center. He repeatedly received visits from the great Moscow princes and tsars. Within the city there were five monasteries, where they came on a pilgrimage. The monasteries, to varying degrees, have survived to this day. The kings were also attracted to the hunting grounds.

Oddly enough, freshwater herring, the so-called vendace, brought real fame to the city. She even became an element of the city coat of arms. This fish was put on the royal table, it was assigned an important role in feasts. It was believed that in this way the voluntary entry of the Principality of Pereslavl into the Muscovy, which marked the beginning of the unification of the Russian lands, is marked.

Time of Troubles

At the end of the 16th - beginning of the 17th centuries, Pereslavl-Zalessky, like many Russian cities, was seriously damaged by the Polish invaders. At first, the townspeople supported False Dmitry, took his side. But soon a riot broke out, which was suppressed by Lisovsky's detachments. The city was almost completely destroyed.

After the liberation of the city, the Pereslavl squad participated in the liberation of Moscow from the Polish troops.

The reign of Peter I

Pereslavl-Zalessky can be called one of the "homelands of the Russian fleet." It was on Lake Pleshcheyevo at the end of the 17th century that the young Tsar Peter began the construction of a “fun flotilla”. To create this miniature squadron, craftsmen from all over the country were gathered. And although this flotilla at first acted as one of the tsar's entertainments, it certainly played a significant role in the further development of the Russian fleet. From 1688 to 1692 more than 100 ships were launched, including several large frigates.

Pereslavl is called the birthplace of the Russian fleet, and Lake Pleshcheyevo is its cradle.

One surviving boat with the symbolic name "Fortune" has survived to this day. It is exhibited in a museum three kilometers south of the city, on the shore of Lake Pleshcheyevo in the place where the shipyard was once located. Nearby is a monument to Peter I.

Further development

The following centuries did not bring much glory to the city.

From the beginning of the 18th century, Pereslavl-Zalessky turned into an ordinary county town of the Moscow province, and at the end of the century it became part of the Vladimir province. The suspension of development is due to the lack of a direct rail link. In view of the features of the relief, the railway was built 23 km from the city. Probably, the significance of Pereslavl and its size were not considered particularly significant at that time. A hook was required to connect the city to the railroad chain, but this was not done.

However, the absence of this type of transport in Pereslavl brought some advantages. The historical and architectural appearance of the city is well preserved. Not only buildings have come down to us, Pereslavl is the only place where the city ring wall has completely survived. Now it serves as a place for walking, from where you can enjoy beautiful panoramic views.

The unique nature of the land of Zalesye, its monuments of architecture and history attracted many figures of culture and art: M. Prishvin, N. Ostrovsky, M. Gorky, F. Chaliapin, D. Kardovsky, O. Della-Vos-Kardovskaya, Korovin and V. Serov .

Modernity

Now Pereslavl-Zalessky is the third largest city in the Yaroslavl region. Its population is more than 23 thousand people. The development of the city is determined by the scientific, industrial and tourism sectors. The Academic Institute of Software Systems and the University are located here.

The industry of Pereslavl-Zalessky is represented mainly by chemical and textile enterprises.

In the first half of the last century, the first film factory in the Soviet Union began its work here. Subsequently, on its basis, the company Slavich was created, which currently specializes in the production of photographic products, film and magnetic tapes.

Of particular interest is the products manufactured by the New World embroidery factory. Here, traditional Russian patterns are skillfully applied to fabrics of any texture.

During the Soviet Union, Pereslavl was included in the most interesting tourist route "Golden Ring of Russia". Currently, this ancient city receives about 200,000 tourists a year.

Of particular interest is the unusual architecture of Pereslavl-Zalessky. Modern tall buildings here harmoniously coexist with ancient buildings, churches and monasteries. And although many of the old buildings cannot be attributed to the masterpieces of architecture, they are all connected in one way or another with certain events in the history of Rus' and are of considerable interest from this point of view.

Religious monuments

During the reign of Muscovy, Pereslavl-Zalessky occupied the position of the religious center of the Russian state, only the capital was second in importance to it. This period in the history of the city is associated with the names of Sergius of Radonezh, Metropolitans Peter and Pimen, Dmitry Prilutsky and many other religious ascetics.

In the Goritsky monastery during the Mongol-Tatar invasion, the wife of Prince Dmitry Donskoy, Evdokia, with her little son in her arms, fled from persecution. The monastery was destroyed by the Tatars, and later restored with donations from Evdokia.

Tsars Ivan the Terrible and Vasily III came to the monasteries of Pereslavl on a pilgrimage. They made great contributions to the development and strengthening of such famous monasteries as Trinity, Danilov and Nikitsky Monastery.

In the churches and monasteries of Pereslavl, the lives of many religious figures passed, who were later canonized by the Orthodox Church.

holy springs

In the vicinity of Pereslavl there are several underground springs. The water gushing from these springs is considered holy. Believers sincerely revere her, calling her healing.

Many legends and historical events are associated with springs.

In a small chapel on the shore of the lake you can see the source of St. Barbara, which got its name after the appearance of the icon of this saint to the rural holy fool.

The history of the Gremyach spring is interesting. According to legend, once upon a time a lightning struck a large oak tree. In the place where the discharge went underground, a key was hammered, which does not freeze in frosts, and in the summer heat is protected from scorching rays by dense vegetation. Due to the low content of iron oxide in the water, the key itself, its banks and aquatic flora have a reddish color.

The source, named after Nikita Pereslavsky, is especially revered by religious people. According to legend, it was dug by the saint himself. The spring is surrounded by a small picturesque chapel and equipped with a bath. It is believed that by bathing in its waters, you can be healed of any disease.

Legends of the city of Zaleski

The collection of presented household items covers a period of several centuries. Here you can see dishes for various purposes, samovars, tea boxes, table scales, advertising signs. A special pride of the museum is the largest collection of irons of various shapes and sizes. Their number is about 170 copies.

Previously, this exposition was called the "Museum of Crafts". Here are the original tools used by Pereslavl artisans, as well as goods produced by them: pieces of furniture and utensils.

vase museum

In the former manor, there is a large number of vases, decanters, jugs and wine glasses created by skilled craftsmen of past centuries. In the museum you can buy souvenirs, as well as get a master class on artistic painting of dishes.

House of Berendey

The museum contributes to the preservation of national Russian traditions and crafts.

Here you can buy original souvenirs made by craftsmen literally before your eyes, and try your hand at painting during daily master classes.

The house regularly holds folklore programs, during which visitors can have plenty of fun at the Fairy Berendey Glade, where the guests are greeted by the legendary tsar himself. Here you can celebrate Shrovetide, the holiday "Red Hill" and "Midwife".

Steam Locomotive Museum

The only railway museum of its kind in Russia. It is a railway line of the former narrow-gauge railway, overlooking a beautiful clearing in the middle of Bludov Lake. In several depots and on the tracks there is an exhibition of steam locomotives, wagons, railcars and other equipment. Those who wish are given the opportunity to ride on a steam locomotive or railcar.

The museum collection consists of more than a hundred copies of all kinds of teapots made of various materials. Most of them date back to the last century. There are also candy boxes, sugar bowls, spoons and other items related to the tea traditions of Rus'.

money museum

The private collection contains banknotes from ancient Greek coins to securities of the last century. The exposition also includes a selection of awards from Russia and European countries, expensive porcelain and antique toys.

Museum "The Birth of a Fairy Tale" or Thirtieth Kingdom

The territory of the museum is stylized as an ancient Russian town. The entrance to it is blocked by massive gates with wooden towers. In the royal chamber, guests are greeted by the owner himself and his daughter Vasilisa. Here you can take part in entertainment programs, frolic on the playground, but most importantly, the museum city is filled with characters from famous fairy tales and legends. Baba Yaga in her hut, Leshy, Vodyany, Brownies and Kikimors are waiting for children.

Attractions:

The Kremlin, surrounded by an earthen rampart that has survived to this day, was the center of the city founded in 1152.
On the territory of the modern Kremlin there are several temples and churches and Red Square.

The one-domed white stone cathedral was founded in the 12th century by order of Yuri Dolgoruky. The temple is one of the most ancient architectural structures of the country. Currently, it is located on the territory of the Pereslavl Kremlin and is a branch of the museum-reserve. Access inside the cathedral is limited.

Red Square

The central square of Pereslavl-Zalessky, the place from which the construction of the city began. It is located on the territory of the Kremlin and is one of the favorite places for walks of the townspeople.

One of the most famous monasteries. The buildings that have survived to this day date from the 17th and 18th centuries. On the territory of the monastery there is a beautiful temple of the Assumption of the Virgin. Its main difference is the luxurious iconostasis, consisting of several tiers.

The estate belongs to the oldest museums in Russia. It is located on Lake Pleshcheevo, in the very place where the “amusing flotilla” of Tsar Peter was born. The ensemble of the estate consists of the White Palace, the Boat House and the Triumphal Gate. The surviving boat "Fortuna" and a monument to Peter himself are also kept here.

Its origin dates back to the 12th century. The monastery was founded by order of Prince Boris Vladimirovich. The prince wished that the locals, who worshiped the pagan gods, were converted to Christianity. During its centuries-old history, the Nikitsky Monastery was repeatedly destroyed, the last ruin befell it in the last century. In our time, the entire monastery complex has been completely restored.

Nikolsky Monastery

St. Nicholas Convent was founded in 1350 by Dmitry Prilutsky. Over the years, it has been repeatedly destroyed, and is now rebuilt. The main shrine of the monastery is the Korsun Cross, brought here in the 17th century. Next to it is the Smolensk-Korniliev Church, the only building that has survived from the Monastery of Boris and Gleb.

The legendary huge boulder lies on the shore of Lake Pleshcheevsky. It got its name due to its peculiar bluish-gray tint. The blue stone has been considered miraculous since ancient times. Currently, the boulder is gradually deepening into the coastal soil.

The Kleshchinsky complex, spread out on the shores of Lake Pleshcheeva, has the status of an archaeological monument. In ancient times, there were settlements of the Merya people, and then of the Slavic tribes. The legendary Blue Stone, located here, was a symbol of their religious worship. For a long time, the center of this region was a city called Kleshchin, on the site of which Pereslavl-Zaleski was subsequently founded. One of the objects of the complex is Aleksandrova Gora, which in ancient times was called Yarilina's bald patch. From the top of the mountain offers a breathtaking view of Lake Pleshcheyevo and the panorama of the city.