Lake Chany on the physical map of Russia is located in Western Siberia in the Novosibirsk region.
Chany is the largest salt lake in the region. The Barabinskaya Lowland is the location of the reservoir.
By its nature, it is a complex system of reaches, which are connected by all kinds of channels and shallow areas.
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Geographical location
Many people are interested in what kind of water is in the lake - is it salty or fresh? Chany is slightly salted, especially low salinity is observed in the southeast of the reservoir. Has a flat basin. The reservoir is fed by the Kargat and Chalym rivers, the latter flowing into Malye Chany.
It acquired its name from the Turkic language and is literally translated as “large vessel” and indeed the lake has the shape of a vat. Its area averages 1,800 square kilometers. The maximum length of water boundaries is up to 90 kilometers.
The lake is shallow, and its average depth does not exceed 2 meters. The maximum bottom level reaches 7 meters. At the bottom, silty or sandy soil extends over the entire area.
Islands and nature reserves
There are 70 islands located here, among which the largest ones include: Medvezhiy, Chinyaikha, Lezhan and others. A detailed map and photographs of the lakes can easily be found in many sources on the Internet.
Some of the islands are classified as protected natural monuments (Bekarev, Kalinova, Kamyshny, Cheryomushkin).
On their territory, unique natural landscapes remained untouched, which became a habitat for unique representatives of the animal and plant world.
Peninsulas and their features
The shores of the islands are cut by waves, which in windy weather reach significant heights and pose a significant danger to people and ships.
All peninsulas and islands have a specific shape. The surface relief has an elongated shape, which stretches from the southwest to the northeast.
This can be explained by the fact that each of the islands is a semi-submerged mane. Highlighting the large peninsulas, we can note Malinikha, Tyumensky, Drovnikov, Zelenchak, Mys.
A little history
As Wikipedia says, Lake Chany was formed at the end of the Ice Age.
The first written mentions of it date back to the 16th-17th centuries, when the first expeditions to explore Siberia began.
First the lake. Chany was mentioned in his works by the geographer Pallas in 1786, and then a deeper and more extensive description was compiled by Filimonov in 1803.
Climate of the Baraba Lowland
The reservoir is located in the continental climate zone.
The average air temperature in summer does not exceed +18-19°C, while in winter, in January, the temperature is consistently recorded at -19-20°C.
Due to the shallow depth of the bottom, the water warms up to 28-29°C in summer. Up to 400 mm of precipitation falls here annually.
It is important to know: all of the above climatic conditions make the territory a favorite place for connoisseurs of real winter and summer fishing.
The height of the falling snow is 20-30 centimeters. Chany begins to freeze in mid-November, and the ice cover disappears towards the end of May.
World of animals and plants
There are over 16 species of fish in the waters.
In order to maintain their numbers, the Uryumsky fish hatchery was built.
After the start of its work and the active launch of juvenile fish, it was possible not only to maintain the population of many species, but also to activate a multi-thousand self-reproducing fish population.
The surface of the islands located throughout the area is evenly covered with greenery and various plants. Viburnum and rose hips, all kinds of ferns, and bushes with berries are often found here.
Holidays on the lake
This is a popular place among tourists and nature lovers.
Boarding houses have been built along the entire length of the coastline. Protected areas allow tourists to experience the beauty and tranquility of the local expanses.
Chany is a popular place among fishermen and hunting enthusiasts. On the territory of the reservoir there are all kinds of campsites, recreation centers with buildings, wooden houses with verandas and other places for temporary residence. Shipping is actively developed here, so getting to any of the places of interest will not be difficult.
Useful information for tourists
How to get there
You can get there by rail or any vehicle.
Next to the reservoir is the nearest railway station - Barabinsk. Buses run from it to the nearest villages and tourist centers.
When traveling by car, it is better to take the federal highway M51 (Baikal). From Novosibirsk at km 325 there will be road signs showing the direction to the lake.
At the recreation center you can choose housing for two to eight people. Rooms and rooms are presented in both economy and business class.
Accommodation prices on weekdays start from 1,600 to 3,000 rubles per person per day. On weekends, the cost can reach 5,000 rubles depending on the room category.
The recreation center has a developed infrastructure. Fans of active recreation can rent water scooters, catamarans, boats and try to conquer the expanses of water.
For lovers of a family holiday and a pleasant pastime against the backdrop of nature, open-air restaurants and bars, which are evenly located throughout the coastal area, are perfect.
Among the most unusual are the following:
- In the Novosibirsk region you can often hear legends that talk about terrible inhabitants of the seabed. According to local beliefs, there is a giant snake here, which repeats the story of the Loch Ness monster. According to residents, the monster feeds on cattle, which are often taken to graze on the shores of the peninsulas. There is no scientific evidence of this fact. Hunters for the monster and scientific expeditions came here repeatedly, but it was not possible to confirm the local legend or find the slightest traces confirming its existence.
- In 2006, representatives and employees of Tohoka University from Japan were detained by security officers at the Novosibirsk airport. They attempted to illegally export samples of water and soil from the reservoir from the country. During the proceedings, it was established that Japanese scientists were also interested in myths about the underwater serpent, and therefore, for the purpose of study, an attempt was made to smuggle natural material.
This is the largest and most beautiful place in the Novosibirsk region for nature lovers. There are unique natural places here that welcome thousands of tourists every year.
Recreation centers are ready to offer visitors an unforgettable experience at any time of the year. The conditions are perfect for people who prefer quiet fishing and exciting hunting to noisy resorts and beaches.
About the secrets of Lake Chany, watch the following video:
Lake Chany lies in the Novosibirsk region. Lake Chany is drainless and is located in the Barabinskaya Lowland. The name Chany comes from the word vat or vessel. Its area is 2000 square kilometers. Depth from 2 to 7 meters. It is connected to channels with lakes Yarakul and Malye Chany, whose water is fresher.
Map of Lake Chany (click to enlarge).
The shores of Lake Chany are low and reeds, sedges and shrubs grow here. The lake is slightly salted, fed by snow and the Kargat and Sulim rivers. The bottom of the lake is sandy and muddy in places. The vats freeze in November and are opened in May. In summer, the water temperature reaches 28.3 degrees.
There are 70 islands on Chany. The largest: Bear, Chinyaikha, Amelkina Griva, Cap, Lezhan. The islands of Kamyshny, Perekopny, Bekarev, Kalinova, Cheryomushkin are considered natural monuments. Rare species of animals and plants live there. The lake appeared at the end of the Ice Age, about 10 thousand years ago. The first mentions of it appeared in the 16th - 17th centuries, when the development of Siberia began. This lake was first described by the geographer Pallas in 1786. Land surveyor Filimonov described this lake more fully in 1803.
On the shores and islands of the lake there are viburnum, bird cherry, aspen, rose hips, hawthorn, and fern. Currants and raspberries are picked here. The places here are simply magical. The water is warm and clear in summer. If you dive with your eyes open, you can see the underwater world of the lake.
Chany is a great place for relaxation and fishing. There are 16 species of fish in the lake. There are a lot of pike perch, perch, carp, ide, and silver carp here. Back in 1976, the Uryumsky fish hatchery was opened on Chany. He breeds and raises carp. Thanks to this, there were a lot of fish of this breed in the lake. Lake Chany is popular among fishermen in the Novosibirsk, Omsk and Kemerovo regions.
The lake is home to a large number of waterfowl. There is good hunting here. There are recreation centers for tourists on the banks. There are very high waves on the lake, so vacationers need to be careful. The coastal areas are home to a large number of animals. Muskrats live here. Roe deer, hares, foxes, badgers, weasels and corsacs live in forest-steppe areas.
Video: Fishing on Lake Chany
Many lakes in the Novosibirsk region were formed in the distant past, during the reign of the glacier on the territory of Russia. So this lake appeared approximately 10 - 13 thousand years ago. We are talking about the salty closed lake Chany, the largest in Western Siberia. It was not for nothing that the Turks called it Chan - a large vessel. It is located on the territory of five districts of the Novosibirsk region: Zdvinsky, Barabinsky, Chanovsky, Kupinsky and Chistoozerny. Based on water mineralization, area, depth, soil, and food supply, three large reaches are distinguished in the lake: Chinyaikha, Tagano-Kazantsevsky and Yarkovsky. Most of the lake is located in the forest-steppe natural zone. The first shrubby birches appeared on the lake shore about 5.5 thousand years ago.
Over the entire history of the lake, a decrease in the area of the lake has been observed. From the 18th to the end of the 19th century it decreased by almost 4 times, dividing the lake into separate reservoirs and reaches. In 1972, work began to prevent the lake from drying out. For this purpose, with the help of an earthen dam, the Yudinsky reach, located in the western part of the lake and evaporating a large amount of water, was separated. Now the Yudinsky Reach has practically dried up, the water in it has become highly saline, and in 2005 the question arose about reconstructing the dam to maintain the water level in the lake. Chans.
Like large Siberian rivers, the lake freezes in the second half of October - the first half of November, and opens in May. When there is low water, winter death occurs, which destroys the fish that abound in the lake. The fauna of the lake includes 16 species of fish. The most numerous: perch, pike perch, carp, ide. Bream, pike and roach have average numbers. Small species include golden crucian carp, tench, peled, dace, verkhovka, gudgeon and lake galyan.
The fish stocks of the lake are now significantly depleted compared to the 19th century. “...before it abounded in fish, there were pike weighing up to a pound, crucian carp and perch from 5 to 7 - 8 pounds. Now, for unknown reasons, its wealth of fish has become scarce and the fish themselves have been shredded.”. Among the main reasons for the reduction in catches are the following:
- Decrease and sharp fluctuations in water level.
- Winter freezes.
- Freezing to the bottom of a significant part (up to 25%) of the lake in winter.
- Reducing the scale of fish stocking.
- Anthropogenic impact. Fishing with nets is officially permitted in the lake upon purchasing the appropriate license.
- An increase in the concentration of phenol, petroleum products, nitrogen compounds and other substances.
- High mineralization of water in the lake
On the shores and islands of the lake grow birch, hawthorn, viburnum, bird cherry, and shrubs: rose hips, currants, raspberries; fern. In the 40th year of the last century, oak and forest pine were planted on the northern shore of the lake. On some islands, for example, on Uzkoredky Island, wild peonies, popularly called “Maryin Root,” grow and bloom. There is local shipping on the lake.
Lake Chany is used as a recreation area for the population. Waterfowl are hunted here. Mushrooms and berries are collected on the islands, and some of them serve as grazing grounds for cattle.
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Chany(Bolshiye Chany) is a lake in the Asian part of Russia, in Western Siberia, in the Novosibirsk region.
The name comes from Turkic. “chan” – “large-sized vessel”.
Oz. Chany is located in the Baraba Lowland. This is the largest lake in Western Siberia.
Presumably the lake arose at the end of the Ice Age about 10–13 thousand years ago. Currently, it consists of a system of reaches connected by channels and shallow areas: Bolshie Chany, Malye Chany and Yarkul. The largest reaches - Chinyaikha, Tagano-Kazantsevsky and Yarkovsky - differ not only in morphometric characteristics (area, depth), but also in water mineralization, bottom soils, and food supply.
The study of the reservoir began in the 18th century. with the settlement of the Baraba Lowland. The first description of the lake was compiled in 1786. A more complete description of the lake was compiled in 1803 by land surveyor V. Filimonov. In 1895, hydrological work began on the lake under the guidance of an engineer. Based on research materials in 1911, ichthyologist A.S. Skorikov prepared the work “Lake Fisheries in the Barabinsky District” containing characteristics of the relief of lake basins, fluctuations in the level and chemical composition of water, the species composition of fish and their feeding conditions. In 1932, an expedition from Leningrad State University worked on the lake. In the middle of the 20th century. Work began to prevent the lake from drying out. In 1972, an earthen dam separated the Yudinsky reach in the western part of the lake (which accounted for 30% of the total area of the lake and from the surface of which a large amount of water evaporated). The construction of the dam made it possible to raise the water level in the eastern part of the lake by 0.5 m. By the end of the 20th century. The former Yudinsky Reach has practically dried up, the water in it has become highly saline, and the water level on different sides of the dam differs by several meters. There is a danger of the dam collapsing, which could lead to the overflow of water from the flooded part of the lake. Funds from the federal budget were allocated for the reconstruction of the dam in 2005. Despite the construction of the dam, from 1979 to 1994 the area of the lake decreased by 19%. In the 1980s projects were being prepared to increase the water level by transferring the flow of other reservoirs (transferring water from the Ob River along the bed of the Karasuk River or through a specially built canal; transferring excess water from the Vasyugan swamps along the Chulym and Kargat rivers; in 2001 it was proposed to drill about 100 wells at the bottom of the lake to aquifers located at a depth of 900–1200 m). Currently, a further decline in the lake's area is predicted, despite the increase in level in 2000–2005.
Since 1971, a research base of the Institute of Animal Systematics and Ecology of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences has been located on the shore of the lake, whose employees conduct research on various components of the lake’s ecosystem. In 1995–1997 In the southwestern part of the lake, excavations were carried out at sites dating back to the 6th–7th millennium BC. e.
The lake is characterized by many islands (about 70). Some of them (Cheryomushkin, Kobyliy, Perekopny, Bekarev, Kalinova, Chinyaikha, Shipyagin, Krugly, Kolotov, Kamyshny) are natural monuments due to their unique landscapes, which are the habitat of rare species of plants and animals. The islands and peninsulas of the lake have a characteristic feature - most of them extend from southwest to northeast, which is explained by the fact that they are semi-submerged manes.
The lake is replenished by melted snow waters, as well as by the Kargat and Chulym rivers (flowing into Malye Chany). A significant role in the water balance is played by precipitation on the lake surface and evaporation from its surface. The average annual total flow of the Chulym and Kargat rivers is insignificant (0.44 km 2) and is highly variable. The maximum value of the total flow was 1.72 km 2 m (1948), the minimum was 0.013 km 2 (1968). In the long-term structure of the lake's water balance, precipitation accounts for 53–56%; evaporation predominates in the consumption part.
The lake is characterized by cyclical fluctuations in water level, which are associated with climatically determined periods of high humidity and drought. In addition to seasonal and annual fluctuations with an amplitude of less than 1 m, significant fluctuations with a period of 30–45 years were identified. Taking these fluctuations into account, it has been established that the area of the lake has been shrinking over the past 200 years. The lake reached its largest size in the history of observations at the end of the 18th century. – 12000 km 2. At the beginning of the 19th century. The area of the lake was reduced to 8000 km 2. In the 1840s. the lake was divided into separate reservoirs and reaches, and by the end of the 19th century. The area of the lake was 3170 km 2. In the 20th century Polyphase fluctuations in water level were observed with an amplitude of about 5 m. In the 1960s. The area of the lake has already decreased to 2000 km 2.
Water in different parts of the lake has different mineralization - from 0.8 to 20 g/l. In Malye Chany, where the river flows. Chulym, the water is fresh, in Bolshie Chany it is brackish, and in Yarkul - the farthest from the channels that replenish the lake with fresh water - it is salty.
The lake waters are alkaline, pH 0.8–10.0. The average content of total phosphorus is 80 µg/l, total nitrogen – 3.47 mg/l. The waters are rich in organic matter, mainly of autochthonous origin due to the abundant development of higher aquatic vegetation (concentration of organic matter 21–53 Corg mg/l). During the period of open water, all reaches are saturated with dissolved oxygen; BOD 5 value is 1.1–6.4 mg O 2 /l. In low-water years, there are death phenomena (in the winter of 1933–1934, the death zone covered 40% of the lake’s area). In summer, higher vegetation occupies up to 20% of the lake area. The composition of phytoplankton is dominated by green algae; blue-greens and diatoms play a subordinate role. The production of zooplankton is high, allowing the lake to be classified as a reservoir of high trophicity and leading to good catches of chebak and pike perch. A characteristic feature of the benthos, which is dominated by dipterans and oligochaetes (up to 95%), is the low development of mollusks.
Anthropogenic impact is also manifested in an increase in the concentrations of pollutants (phenols, petroleum products, nitrogen compounds, etc.). In terms of water quality in the village of Kvashnino, the water is extremely dirty (class 7), in the village. Tagan – dirty water (class 5).
In the lake The vats are inhabited by 16 species of fish: silver crucian carp, perch, carp, ide, pike perch, etc. Rare species: golden carp, peled, dace, tench, lake minnow, gudgeon, verkhovka. In dry years, winter kills cause enormous damage to the number of fish, especially valuable commercial species. The lake is regularly stocked with fish, and commercial fish farming is carried out in it. The first fish farming work in the lake began in 1926–1927. Fish stocks today compared to the 19th century. significantly poorer. In the 20th century During periods of high water levels, fish catches reached 10 thousand tons/year; during low water periods they decreased to 200 tons/year. The main reasons for the reduction in catches: decrease and sharp fluctuations in water levels; winter frosts, freezing to the bottom of a significant part (up to 25%) of the lake in winter; reduction in stocking rates; anthropogenic impact (overfishing, exceeding quotas, poaching); increase in the concentration of phenols, petroleum products, nitrogen compounds, etc.; increase in water mineralization during the phase of water level regression. The highest mineralization of water was noted in the Chinyaikha (6 g/dm 3) and Yarkovsky (2.5 g/dm 3) reaches.
The lake plays an important role for the migration of many species of waterfowl. Among the rare species of birds found on the lake are: duck-headed duck, red-breasted goose, avocet, stilt, black-headed gull, blackeye, white-tailed eagle, Dalmatian pelican, etc. Currently, the main anthropogenic factors reducing the number of birds are the destruction of nests during grazing in coastal part of the lake, death of birds in fishing nets.
There are 12 inhabited villages on the shores of the lake. The reduction in the number of settlements is caused by the drying out of the lake. The adjacent lands are used for haymaking and grazing. Water from the lake is used for technical needs. There is local shipping on the lake. Lake Chany is a popular recreation area, including hunting, winter and summer fishing. In the northern part of the lake, on the territory of the Chanovsky and Barabinsky districts, the Kirzinsky reserve was created in 1958. The protection of the lake is carried out by the state hunting supervision service, regional committees for the protection of the environment and natural resources. As environmental measures, restrictions have been established on hunting waders, grazing and haymaking, and there is a ban on drainage activities. In 2012, work was carried out to deepen and clear the channel to the lake. Yarkul, which prevented the death of fish in winter.
The Chanovskaya lake system is a wetland of international importance. The specified wetland meets the following criteria of the Ramsar Convention (for a description of the criteria, see the article Convention on Wetlands): 1a, 3a.
M.G. Grechushnikova
Lake Chany is a drainless salt lake in Russia, located in the Barabinskaya Lowland in the Novosibirsk region, the largest lake in Western Siberia. The lake is located on the territory of five districts of the Novosibirsk region: Zdvinsky, Barabinsky, Chanovsky, Kupinsky and Chistoozerny. It got its name from the word chan (Turkic) - a large vessel. Lake Chany is located at an altitude of 106 meters above sea level. The lake is 91 kilometers long and 88 kilometers wide. The area of the lake is variable and currently, according to various estimates, ranges from 1400 to 2000 km 2. The average depth is about 2 meters. The lake basin is flat. The lake is shallow, depths up to 2 meters make up 60% of the total area of the lake. The shores of the lake are quite low and heavily indented, overgrown with reeds, reeds, sedges and bushes. The bottom soil is sandy and silty. The maximum recorded water temperature in summer is 28.3 °C. Most of the lake is located in the forest-steppe natural zone.
There are about 70 islands on the lake, the largest are Amelkina Griva, Shuldikov, Lezhan, Medvezhiy, Kolpachok, Chinyaikha, Cheryomukhovy, and Rarediy. The islands of Cheryomushkin, Kobyliy, Perekopny, Bekarev, Kalinova, Chinyaikha, Shipyagin, Krugly, Kolotov, Kamyshny are natural monuments of the region, since they have preserved unique landscapes that are the habitat of rare species of plants and animals. Among the largest peninsulas are Zelenchak, Kondakov, Golenky, Vaskin, Mys, Drovnikov, Rodyushkin, Kvashnino, Malinikha, Temny, Tyumensky. The islands and peninsulas of the lake have a characteristic feature - most of them extend from southwest to northeast. Their specific location is explained by the fact that they are half-submerged manes. The lake is slightly salty; in the southeastern part of the lake the salinity is lower. The lake is fed mainly by snow; the lake is fed by the Kargat and Chulym rivers (flows into Malye Chany). Previously, the Saraika River flowed into the lake, connecting it with Lake Sartlan. The average annual total flow of the Chulym and Kargat rivers is not very significant and amounts to 0.44 km 3, while the flows are highly variable. Lake Chany is a unique reservoir in Western Siberia. The maximum value of the total flow was reached in 1948 - 1.72 km 3, the minimum - in 1968, when it was 0.013 km 3. The influx of water tends to decrease due to numerous dams built on the rivers. The lake is connected by channels to the fresher lakes Malye Chany and Yarkul. The lake is a system of reaches connected by channels and shallow areas, of which the three largest are: Chinyaikha, Tagano-Kazantsevsky and Yarkovsky, differing in water mineralization, area, depths, soils, and food supply. It freezes in the second half of October - the first half of November, and opens in May. There is local shipping on the lake.
Fish stocks are now significantly depleted compared to the 19th century. For the first time, a reduction in catches of pike, crucian carp and perch was recorded at the end of the 19th century: “... before it was abundant in fish, there were pike weighing up to a pound, crucian carp and perch from 5 to 7 - 8 pounds. Now, for unknown reasons, its wealth of fish has become scarce and the fish themselves have been crushed.” In the 20th century, during periods of high water levels, fish catches reached 10 thousand tons per year, and during low water periods they dropped to 200 tons per year. During periods of low water, the bulk of commercial catches are made up of low-value fish species. Among the main reasons for the reduction in catches are the following: Decrease and sharp fluctuations in water levels. Winter freezes. Freezing to the bottom of a significant part (up to 25%) of the lake in winter. Reducing the scale of fish stocking. Anthropogenic impact. Fishing with nets is officially permitted in the lake upon purchasing the appropriate license. The established fishing quota is 2,800 tons per year. Ichthyologists believe that actual catches significantly exceed official statistics; in addition, poaching has been taking place on a large scale in recent years. An increase in the concentration of phenols, petroleum products, nitrogen compounds and other substances. High mineralization of water in the lake. The highest mineralization of water was noted in the Chinyaikha (6 g/dm 3 ) and Yarkovsky (2.5 g/dm 3 ) reaches. At the end of the 20th century, a form of silver crucian carp called Amur crucian carp entered the lake. Amur crucian carp has multiplied rapidly over the course of several years, practically displacing golden crucian carp from the lake, which could not withstand its competition, and currently ranks first in catches. Part of the perch population is infected with gill mites. Opisthorchiasis has not yet been observed in fish from Lake Chany. The lake plays an important role for the migration of many species of waterfowl: ducks, gulls, geese, waders, swans, terns, coots, shelducks. Rare bird species on the lake include the white-headed duck, the red-breasted goose, the Asian godwit, the lapwing, the avocet, the stilt, the black-headed gull, the blackhead, the steppe tirkushka, the golden eagle, the white-tailed eagle, and the Dalmatian pelican. There are significant concentrations of waterfowl on the lake during periods of migration and molting. During migration and nesting on the lake there are up to 220 species of birds, according to other sources - up to 300 species of birds. In the 1970s, ornithologists estimated that up to 1.5 million waterfowl visited the lake per season. During the 20th century, there was a steady decline in the number of waterfowl due to mass extermination. For example, in 1930, 9 million eggs were collected in the Chanovsky Lakes system and even more were destroyed. At the beginning of the 21st century, the main anthropogenic factors reducing the number of birds were the destruction of nests during grazing in the coastal part of the lake, and the death of birds in fishing nets.
Among the mammals on the lake, the muskrat lives; in the forest-steppe lands associated with the lake, there are foxes, hares, roe deer, badgers, corsacs, and weasels. The lake is rich in plankton, both zooplankton and phytoplankton. As of 1983, 404 species of algae were found in the lake. In the Chinyaikha Reach, a high biomass of algae is noted; the strong development of phytoplankton negatively affects the number of fish. The species diversity of zoobenthos is low; chironomids predominate; mollusks, caddisflies, culicids, gammarids, oligochaetes, dragonflies, and mayflies are also found. Birch, bird cherry, viburnum, aspen, hawthorn, rose hips, currants, raspberries, and ferns grow on the shores and islands of the lake. In the 1940s, oak and forest pine were planted on the northern shore of the lake. On some islands, for example, on Uzkoredky Island, wild peonies grow and bloom.
