Coordinates

Geography

The village is located on the right bank of the Volga, 250 km northwest of Astrakhan.

Story

Founded in 1627 on the left bank of the Volga as a fortress to protect the Volga trade route with the name "Cherny Ostrog". Seven years later, it was transferred to the right (upland) bank and located on a high ravine. Since that time it has been called Black Yar.

When the fortress was transferred to the other side of the Volga in 1634, the Nogais living in the neighborhood called the new settlement Yankala("New town").

In 1638, Ivan Chernitsa Ivanov son of Levontiev was the governor on Chorny Yar

In the XIX century, the Cossack population of the city was a village Chernoyarsk Astrakhan army.

Natives of Cherny Yar were among the first 13 families who founded the village of Nikolskoye, now the city of Ussuriysk in Primorsky Krai.

Chronology

• 1627 - foundation of the Black Ostrog fortress.
• 1634 - the transfer of the fortress to a modern place (due to the collapse of the coast). The fortress received a new name - Chernoyarskaya.
• 1708 - Black Yar is assigned to Astrakhan under the name "suburb" as part of the Kazan province.
• 1717 - Black Yar became part of the newly formed Astrakhan province.
• 1721 - all archers of the city are converted into Cossacks.
• 1769 - civil rule was introduced in the fortress.
• 1782 - the city of Cherny Yar was transferred to the Saratov province.
• 1785 - the city of Cherny Yar is again included in the Astrakhan province and becomes the center of the Chernoyarsk district.
• 1873 - The Chernoyarsk city Cossack team was transformed into the Chernoyarsk village. The main occupation of the inhabitants of the village: agriculture, cattle breeding, fishing.
• 1897 - 4226 people live in the city, Russians (in their native language) - 4015, Kalmyks - 87, Ukrainians - 56.
• 1899 - 7642 people lived in the city of Cherny Yar: 5129 burghers, 1004 Cossacks, 174 Kalmyks.
• 1919 - Black Yar was transferred to the Tsaritsyn province.
• 1925 - Black Yar was deprived of the status of a city and turned into a village.
• 1928 - the village was included in the Astrakhan district from the Stalingrad province (in connection with the formation of the district).
• 1931 - the village was transferred to the Stalingrad region.
• 1947 - the village is included in the Chernoyarsk village council of the Astrakhan region from the Stalingrad region.
• 1963 - as part of the Chernoyarsk village council, it was included in the Enotaevsky district of the Astrakhan region.
• 1964 - as part of the Chernoyarsky village council, it was included in the Chernoyarsky district (regional center) of the Astrakhan region.

Population

Population dynamics

Famous compatriots

• Bogolep Chernoyarsky - holy lad-schema.
• Kosich, Andrei Ivanovich - Lieutenant General.
• Babkina, Nadezhda Georgievna - singer.

Photo gallery

Road sign on the highway "M-6".

Chyorny Yar 2016 2.jpg

Chyorny Yar 2016 3.jpg

Stop "Cherny Yar" on the highway "M-6".

Chyorny Yar 4.jpg

View of the village of Cherny Yar from the M-6 highway.

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Notes

Links

• // Encyclopedic Dictionary of Brockhaus and Efron: in 86 volumes (82 volumes and 4 additional). - St. Petersburg. , 1890-1907.

An excerpt characterizing Black Yar

- Look, you bastards! That is not Christ! Yes, dead, dead and there ... They smeared it with something.
Pierre also moved towards the church, which had something that caused exclamations, and vaguely saw something leaning against the fence of the church. From the words of his comrades, who saw him better, he learned that it was something like the corpse of a man, standing upright by the fence and smeared with soot in his face ...
– Marchez, sacre nom… Filez… trente mille diables… [Go! go! Damn! Devils!] - the convoys cursed, and the French soldiers, with renewed anger, dispersed the crowd of prisoners who were looking at the dead man with cleavers.

Along the lanes of Khamovniki, the prisoners walked alone with their escort and the wagons and wagons that belonged to the escorts and rode behind; but, having gone out to the grocery stores, they found themselves in the middle of a huge, closely moving artillery convoy, mixed with private wagons.
At the very bridge, everyone stopped, waiting for those who were riding in front to advance. From the bridge, the prisoners opened behind and in front of endless rows of other moving convoys. To the right, where the Kaluga road curved past Neskuchny, disappearing into the distance, stretched endless ranks of troops and convoys. These were the troops of the Beauharnais corps that had come out first; Behind, along the embankment and across the Stone Bridge, Ney's troops and wagon trains stretched.
Davout's troops, to which the prisoners belonged, went through the Crimean ford and already partly entered Kaluga Street. But the carts were so stretched out that the last trains of Beauharnais had not yet left Moscow for Kaluzhskaya Street, and the head of Ney's troops was already leaving Bolshaya Ordynka.
Having passed the Crimean ford, the prisoners moved several steps and stopped, and again moved, and on all sides the carriages and people became more and more embarrassed. After walking for more than an hour those several hundred steps that separate the bridge from Kaluzhskaya Street, and having reached the square where Zamoskvoretsky Streets converge with Kaluzhskaya Street, the prisoners, squeezed into a heap, stopped and stood for several hours at this intersection. From all sides was heard the incessant, like the sound of the sea, the rumble of wheels, and the tramp of feet, and incessant angry cries and curses. Pierre stood pressed against the wall of the charred house, listening to this sound, which in his imagination merged with the sounds of the drum.
Several captured officers, in order to see better, climbed the wall of the burnt house, near which Pierre was standing.
- To the people! Eka to the people! .. And they piled on the guns! Look: furs ... - they said. “Look, you bastards, they robbed him… There, behind him, on a cart… After all, this is from an icon, by God!.. It must be the Germans. And our muzhik, by God!.. Ah, scoundrels! Here they are, the droshky - and they captured! .. Look, he sat down on the chests. Fathers! .. Fight! ..
- So it's in the face then, in the face! So you can't wait until evening. Look, look ... and this, of course, is Napoleon himself. You see, what horses! in monograms with a crown. This is a folding house. Dropped the bag, can't see. They fought again ... A woman with a child, and not bad. Yes, well, they will let you through... Look, there is no end. Russian girls, by God, girls! In the carriages, after all, how calmly they sat down!
Again, a wave of general curiosity, as near the church in Khamovniki, pushed all the prisoners to the road, and Pierre, thanks to his growth over the heads of others, saw what had so attracted the curiosity of the prisoners. In three carriages, intermingled between the charging boxes, they rode, closely sitting on top of each other, discharged, in bright colors, rouged, something screaming with squeaky voices of a woman.
From the moment Pierre realized the appearance of a mysterious force, nothing seemed strange or scary to him: neither a corpse smeared with soot for fun, nor these women hurrying somewhere, nor the conflagration of Moscow. Everything that Pierre now saw made almost no impression on him - as if his soul, preparing for a difficult struggle, refused to accept impressions that could weaken it.
The train of women has passed. Behind him again trailed carts, soldiers, wagons, soldiers, decks, carriages, soldiers, boxes, soldiers, occasionally women.
Pierre did not see people separately, but saw their movement.
All these people, the horses seemed to be driven by some invisible force. All of them, during the hour during which Pierre watched them, floated out of different streets with the same desire to pass quickly; they all alike, colliding with others, began to get angry, to fight; white teeth bared, eyebrows frowned, the same curses were thrown over and over, and on all faces there was the same youthfully resolute and cruelly cold expression, which struck Pierre in the morning at the sound of a drum on the corporal's face.
Already before evening, the escort commander gathered his team and, shouting and arguing, squeezed into the carts, and the prisoners, surrounded on all sides, went out onto the Kaluga road.
They walked very quickly, without resting, and stopped only when the sun had already begun to set. The carts moved one on top of the other, and people began to prepare for the night. Everyone seemed angry and unhappy. For a long time, curses, angry cries and fights were heard from different sides. The carriage, which was riding behind the escorts, advanced on the escorts' wagon and pierced it with a drawbar. Several soldiers from different directions ran to the wagon; some beat on the heads of the horses harnessed to the carriage, turning them, others fought among themselves, and Pierre saw that one German was seriously wounded in the head with a cleaver.
It seemed that all these people now experienced, when they stopped in the middle of the field in the cold twilight of an autumn evening, the same feeling of unpleasant awakening from the haste that gripped everyone upon leaving and impetuous movement somewhere. Stopping, everyone seemed to understand that it was still unknown where they were going, and that this movement would be a lot of hard and difficult.
The escorts treated the prisoners at this halt even worse than when they set out. At this halt, for the first time, the meat food of the captives was issued with horse meat.
From the officers to the last soldier, it was noticeable in everyone, as it were, a personal bitterness against each of the prisoners, which so unexpectedly replaced the previously friendly relations.
This exasperation intensified even more when, when counting the prisoners, it turned out that during the bustle, leaving Moscow, one Russian soldier, pretending to be sick from his stomach, fled. Pierre saw how a Frenchman beat a Russian soldier because he moved far from the road, and heard how the captain, his friend, reprimanded the non-commissioned officer for the escape of a Russian soldier and threatened him with a court. To the excuse of the non-commissioned officer that the soldier was sick and could not walk, the officer said that he was ordered to shoot those who would fall behind. Pierre felt that the fatal force that crushed him during the execution and which was invisible during captivity now again took possession of his existence. He was scared; but he felt how, in proportion to the efforts made by the fatal force to crush him, a force of life independent of it grew and grew stronger in his soul.

Black Yar, county town Astrakhan province

(in Kalmyk Yankala) - a county town of the Astrakhan province, 256 versts from the city of Astrakhan, on the right steep bank of the Volga, which has a black color. This steep bank (yar) is annually washed away in the flood and collapses, as a result of which the inhabitants of the city, at the beginning of the 19th century, were forced to move further from the coast, part of which, with buildings, collapsed. In the city, during the reign of Mikhail Feodorovich, a small fortress was founded on this site, called the "Black Ostrog", to protect the Volga ship caravans from attacks by nomads and "low freemen". In the city, the prison was moved to a new place and named a fortress; its inhabitants are endowed with water up and down the Volga River for 5 versts. A small fortress existed in the second half of the 18th century. In the city, it was destroyed by Stepan Razin. In the city of Chernoyarsk voivode successfully repulsed the attack of dissenters-Cossacks; in the city of Chernoyarsk took part in the so-called wedding riot. In the city, the city was assigned to Astrakhan, which belonged to the Kazan province, under the name of a suburb, and in the city it became part of the Astrakhan province. In the city, the whole city burned out, but the next year it was renewed and, for safety from Kalmyk raids, surrounded by a palisade. In the city, a civil administration was established in the fortress; in the city, the city is attached to the Saratov province, and from the city it is a county town of the Astrakhan province. In the city, the fortress was abolished.

Despite its location on the banks of the Volga River, Cherny Yar has never had commercial and industrial significance. 2 Orthodox churches, a two-class city male school (94 students), a parish male (51) and a parish female (24) school, a parochial school (45 girls), a literacy school (25 girls). In the city of inhabitants in Ch. Yar, with a suburban Cossack village of Chernoyarsk, there were 7642. Petty bourgeois 5 129, Cossacks 1004, Kalmyks 174. Orthodox 7411, lamaists 174. In the city proper there were 5264 inhabitants (2812 men and 2452 women) . Hospital, almshouse, pharmacy, 25 shops, 1 state-owned wine warehouse, 2 drinking establishments, 11 windmills and 4 equestrian, 12 forges, 1 fishing gang, 1 lamprey factory and 1 brick factory; craftsmen 103; charitable society, city public bank. The income of the city in the city is 24,021 rubles, the expenses are 19,707 rubles, including 2,735 rubles for the maintenance of the city public (simplified) administration, 2,328 rubles for the police, 1,865 rubles for the fire brigade, 1,382 rubles for educational work. The main occupations of the inhabitants are arable farming, cattle breeding and fishing. Trade is insignificant, bazaars are negligible. 4 fairs, to which goods are brought for 322,500 rubles, and sold for 146,300 rubles, including livestock brought in for 226,400 rubles, and sold for 119,200 rubles. The city owns 2981 acres, including 1909 acres under forest. Three farms are assigned to the city.

Chernoyarsk district

Chernoyarsk district located in the northwestern part of the Astrakhan province; according to Strelbitsky's measurement, its space is 16272.8 sq. km, and according to the Astrakhan survey department - 10055 sq. versts or 1047445 acres. The county is divided into two parts: one stretches in a narrow strip along the right bank of the Volga and consists of villages that appeared in the second half of the 18th century, and the second, consisting of villages along the Stavropol tract, began to be populated with the city by immigrants mainly from Little Russian provinces. At present, in this area, which has gone far south to the borders of the Stavropol province, there are 18 rather populous villages and towns, forming 7 volosts and lying among the Kalmyk nomads of the Maloderbetovsky ulus. Both parts represent the steppe, but differ in both soil quality and configuration. In the northern part, starting from Sarepta to the city of Cherny Yar, there is a flat steppe, completely devoid of forest vegetation, in places, as, for example, near the villages of Solodnikov and Vyazovka, cut by deep ravines, in which there is a lot of water flowing into the Volga in spring, and in summer they almost dry, with minor brackish water streams. To the south, the terrain changes and, although it seems to be slightly hilly, the elevations are so insignificant that they do not disturb the general steppe character of the area. The villages lying along the Stavropol tract occupy the most elevated terrain of the Ch. county, the so-called Ergeni, which descends steeply to the east into the Kalmyk steppe and gently to the west, to the border of the Don Army Region. This area is cut by numerous ravines, in which the current rivers carry a lot of water in the spring, and in the summer they turn into insignificant streams, and therefore the villages lying far from the Volga suffer from a lack of water. At the foot of the Ergeni stretches a number of rather significant lakes, such as, for example, Tsatsa, near which lies the village of the same name. The height of the area occupied by the Chernoyarsk district represents a significant difference in its two halves: off the banks of the Volga, the height of the area is insignificant - 26 feet, in the area along the Stavropol tract it reaches 387 feet near the village of Tundutova, and to the south near the village of Zavetnoye 532 feet above the surface of the Caspian Sea . The geological character of the steppe, adjacent to the Volga, is characterized by sediments of the post-Tertiary system, belonging to the so-called Caspian formation, and consists of alternating clay and sand layers containing fossils belonging to the mollusks now living in the Caspian Sea. The most famous outcrop is located near the city of Ch. Yara is 60³/4 ft and consists, starting from the top, of yellow clay sand 7 ft, dark clay sand 3 1/2 ft, brown clay 3 1/2 ft, brown clay-sand interlayers with shells Dreyssena rostiformis, Monodaena protractra, followed by yellow sand with several layers of clay or gray sand. Below the Caspian rocks lie dark blue shale and shales. The outcrops in Ergeny consist of limestone - white, yellow and reddish ( maetra podolica), under which reddish and gray quartz sandstones occur, and then dark green clays with gypsum. Ch. uyezd is generally poor in minerals; near the village of Chapurniki, millstones are made from sandstones, near the village of Kamenny Yar limestone comes across, near the village of Solodniki - roofing slate, near the village of Vyazovka - selenite, and in Ergeni - deposits of gypsum, phosphorites, millstone, various salts and partly iron ore. The most fertile soil in Ergeny consists of loess with a thin layer of chernozem containing no more than 6% humus. Near the banks of the Volga, the soil is predominantly clayey-sandy, with the exception of the area lying between the villages of Raygorod and Kolodniki, where the soil of the earth is silty-chernozem, replete with mowing, and from the village of Vyazovka to the borders of Enotaevsky district, chernozem soil with sand or clay comes across.

Water. Chernoyarsk uyezd is poorly irrigated, with the exception of the Volga; there is almost no running water. Of the minor tributaries of the Volga: Sarpa carries the largest number water and during the flood it connects with many lakes lying at the foot of the Ergeni. The rivers Vyazovka and Lubovka, on which there are mills, originate in the Vetlyaninsky mochag (bog); in spring they are turbulent and fast, and in summer they are insignificant streams with brackish water. Of the rivers originating in Ergeny, the most abundant in water are Zagista, Tenguta and Oak Ravine, forming Lake Tengutinskoe, which merges with Lake Sarpinsky. Bolshaya and Malaya Ulasta, flowing into a rather extensive freshwater lake- Tsatsu (having up to 6 sq. versts). At the sole of the Ergeni there are insignificant swampy places (mochagi).

Climate The climate of the county is dry, hot, continental, moisture loss is negligible, in winter short-term frosts are replaced by thaws. Climatic and soil conditions cause poverty in the flora and fauna. There are almost no forests: state forests occupy only 6,052 acres, of which two steppe forestries have a planted forest (about 34 acres).

The population of the Chernoyarsk district lives in 38 villages and towns, to which 215 farms are assigned. At the time of the city census, there were 100,122 inhabitants in Ch. Uyezd; in the 4 most populated villages, there were from 3901 to 4813 souls, in the most sparsely populated village - 566 souls. In terms of population density, Ch. county ranks fourth in the province; it has 8.5 inhabitants per 1 sq. km. verst. All farms in the county 15416, including public 2. In the city there were 83 nobles, clergy of the Orthodox confession 39, Mohammedan 10, honorary citizens 34, merchants 4, petty bourgeois 795, guilds 2, peasants 85237, colonists 1, Cossacks 61, retired lower ranks and their families 7480, foreigners 1167. Orthodox 88729, schismatics 1842, Catholics 30, Lutherans 14, Mohammedans 3095, Lamaists 1695, Jews 4. Great Russians 45449, Little Russians 45122, Poles 30, Germans 14, Tatars 309 5, Kalmyks 1695, 4 Jews, and a total of 95409 people (47867 men, 47542 women). Peasants-owners, from the former temporarily liable, in 7 villages - 885, owning 10515 acres of land; former state peasants in 38 villages, 20,303 salary souls, having 390,176 acres; free cultivators 1 village of 1280 souls, with 19518 acres of land.

With an abundance of convenient land in the Chernoyarsk district, both for arable farming and for pastures, the main occupation of its inhabitants is agriculture and cattle breeding. The peasants own 768,732 acres of land, including 367,829 acres of land that is convenient, of which only 20% is occupied by arable land. There were 76,797 acres under crops in the city, including:

	Tithes	Pounds taken	Harvest, self-
Winter:
rye	29723	196361	1,9
Wheat	5940	26172	1,1
Spring:
Wheat	25910	209444	2,0
rye	1823	10068	1,3
Oats	2644	43390	2,0
barley	4494	39527	1,7
Millet	4255	21695	4,2
corn	4	356	35,6
peas	400	5753	2,6
lentils	25	258	1,8
potato	892	111645	2,3
flax	479	26680	17,4
hemp	208	seed 18054	71,1
		fibers 6510

The peculiarities of sowing grain in the Ch. Uyezd include an insignificant amount of grain sown, reaching up to 4 poods per tithe for the main varieties of bread - rye and wheat. Ch. county suffers, due to drought, crop failures; often there are years in which grain is cut down for fodder for livestock, but in harvest years wheat will be born by itself - 10 or more. Up to 3200 gardens, under which 643 acres, 3948 vegetable gardens for 832 acres; under melons - 2215 acres. Haymaking land in Ch. Uyezd 319,305 acres; 12,783,335 poods of hay were collected, including 44,089 acres of water meadows, with the collection of 3,375,495 poods of hay on them.

Cattle breeding constitutes an important branch of the peasant economy and the predominant source of income; it contributes to the development of plague, especially in the villages located along the Stavropol tract: fish and salt are brought from the Astrakhan province, and brought with North Caucasus forest and bread. In 1901, there were 170,295 heads of cattle, 11,318 horses, 4,170 camels, 390,688 fat-tailed sheep, 65,864 fine-fleeced sheep, 15,596 goats, and 69,554 pigs.

seasonal fishing developed; in the city, peasants took 135 passport books and 15641 passport forms for up to a year.

handicrafts underdeveloped: in 17 villages they occupy 922 households, with production worth 38,895 rubles. Crafts leather, sheepskin, cart, wagon, cooperage, dried, woolen, tailoring, shoemaking, blacksmithing, making mittens, wooden cups, bird stuffed animals, bricks, pots and wheels.

Factory and factory industry insignificant; in the city, in Ch. uyezd, there were factories with a turnover of over 1,000 rubles. - 6, with 31 workers and with a total production of 56,700 rubles, including 2 tanneries, 2 oil mills, one sawmill and 1 artificial mineral water.

Fairs in 17 villages 32; the main subject of bargaining is cattle. Goods were brought () to all fairs for 3,329,637 rubles, and sold for 1,334,071 rubles, including cattle brought in for 1,837,024 rubles, and sold for 795,130 rubles. The most significant fairs are in the villages of Remontny and Zavetny. 1435 certificates and tickets were issued for the right to trade and crafts in the city and county. Number of taxed enterprises 483. Auxiliary cash desk under the Aksai volost government.

 

Coordinates: N48 4.35 E46 6.972.

The village of Cherny Yar is located on the right bank of the Lower Volga, in the north of the Astrakhan region. Date of foundation - 1627, it was then that the fortress "Cherny Ostrog" was laid, which was later transferred and renamed the Chernoyarsk fortress due to the collapse of the coast in 1634.

In 1670, a historic meeting between the troops of Stepan Razin and the Astrakhan archers, who went over to the side of the rebels, took place in Cherny Yar. Here, not far from the villages of Cherny Yar and Solodniki, the last battle of the rebels with government troops took place during the peasant war under the leadership of Emelyan Pugachev. In 1741, the city of Cherny Yar burned down, but was rebuilt again, and was surrounded by a palisade. At the beginning of the 19th century, part of the buildings of the Black Yar collapsed due to intensive erosion of the coast, and the inhabitants had to settle further from the coast.

In 1870, there was another big fire in Cherny Yar, when the central part of the city burned out. After the fire, many brick buildings began to be erected. Mansions, shops, shops, a bakery, a teahouse, and a fire tower were built of brick.

In 1883, on his way from Siberia to a settlement in Astrakhan, N. G. Chernyshevsky stopped in Cherny Yar.

The settlement continued to develop and soon received the status of a city, but in 1925 Cherny Yar was deprived of this status and turned into a village.

Fans of the People's Artist of Russia Nadezhda Babkina know that she was born in the village of Cherny Yar.

Here is the Peter and Paul Church, built in 1741-1750. Thus, it is one of the oldest buildings in the Astrakhan region. Pilgrims know the village of Cherny Yar as the place of residence of the holy lad-hermit Bogolep of Chernoyarsky. According to the story, the pious boy died at the age of 7 from the plague and became the protector and patron of the Black Yar. After Peter I ordered his grave to be razed to the ground (because of his popularity among the Old Believers), the villagers built a stone church and continued to worship Bogolep.

Near the church there is an old cemetery, where both Orthodox Cossacks and those who died not so long ago are buried. A feature of the Church of Peter and Paul is that it never closed, even in Soviet times.

Also of interest is Cherny Yar among archaeologists and paleontologists. In 1996, a resident of the village of Cherny Yar discovered mammoth bones under a cliff at the water's edge of the Volga River. In the same year, a paleontological expedition of the Astrakhan Museum-Reserve was organized in Cherny Yar under the leadership of M.V. Golovachev. The result of the expedition to Cherny Yar was a unique skeleton of a mammoth that lived here 250-300 thousand years ago. This Chernoyarsk discovery confirmed the fact that these ancient animals inhabit the territory of the Astrakhan region. The restored complete skeleton of a mammoth is the main exhibit of the paleontological exhibition of the local history museum of Astrakhan. The height of the skeleton from the Black Yar, nicknamed the Musey by the museum staff, is 3 meters, and the length with tusks is 5 meters and 10 centimeters.

But the finds didn't stop there. In 2009, a skeleton of a prehistoric bison was found near Cherny Yar, and in 2010, scientists from the museum-reserve near the village of Cherny Yar again discovered fragments of the skeleton of a trogontherian elephant, or, simply, a mammoth, which were transported to the Astrakhan Museum-Reserve.

Also in 2009, the collection of the Astrakhan Museum-Reserve was replenished with the skull of a saiga that lived in the Chernoy Yar region 300 thousand years ago. Paleontologists and scientists have established that the saiga has not changed at all over this period of time. Saigas are one of the few large herbivores of those times that have survived to this day. They survived the mammoth and woolly rhinoceros, wild horses and aurochs.

Employees of the Astrakhan Museum of Local Lore plan to expand the paleontological exhibition after the completion of the overhaul of the building. The exposition will occupy three huge halls. The reconstructed mammoth and bison skeletons found by paleontologists in the Chernoy Yar area will be the most impressive exhibits. A fossilized saiga skull will also take its place in the exposition.

Of course, the village of Cherny Yar also has its own local history museum - a branch of the Astrakhan Historical and Architectural Museum-Reserve. There are three expositions in the Chernoyarsk Museum: “History of the Origin and Development of Cherny Yar”, “ natural features Chernoyarsk region”, “Chernoyarsk people in the Great Patriotic War”. Currently, the museum has 2000 exhibits on the nature, history and culture of the Chernoyarsk region, various thematic exhibitions are exhibited, excursions, evenings and events are held.

The village of Cherny Yar is located on the Volga in Astrakhan region.

The name of the village Cherny Yar is a combination of two words: one is primordially Russian - “black”, denoting a dark color, and the other, Turkic - “yar”, which translates as “high steep bank washed away by the river”.

There is such a legend. Astrakhan prince, returning by ship along the Volga from his trip to Nizhny Novgorod was forced to stop. The prince went ashore with his retinue, they set up camp. The area was picturesque: a large green meadow surrounded by a birch grove, a steep bank over the Volga, against which river water. The shore was so steep and high that, looking down, it seemed as if the water was completely black. The prince looked at the surroundings and said: “Let there be a settlement in this place in which people will live, and they will begin to work on this fertile land. And the name of this village will be Cherny Yar.

There is a legend among the locals that the name of the village was given in memory of a terrible event that happened at this place a very long time ago. There were several houses on the banks of the river where fishermen lived with their families. Merchants passed by and brought with them a lot of expensive goods. It was already beginning to get dark, and there were rumors that robbers had appeared in these places, so the guests decided to stay for the night in a fishing village.

The hospitable hosts fed the merchants and put them to bed. The robbers knew that the merchants were staying with the fishermen and they had many valuables with them, they waited until the lights went out in all the windows and the people fell asleep. Robbers attacked houses, killed many people, took away wealth, and the bodies were left from the steep bank to the Volga. In the morning, the survivors looked into the water from the shore and saw that it was all black with blood, and from that time the village of Cherny Yar began to be called.

The word "black" has long been called in Rus' everything incomprehensible, mysterious, terrible. Often this word was used as a definition of the "activities" of sorcerers and witches, the belief in which the Russian people have survived to this day. Consequently, Black Yar could have received such a name because sorcerers, witches and other "servants" of Satan lived in it. Legends and beliefs can be considered as confirmation of this version, which describe the intrigues of sorcerers who sold their souls to the devil and received magical powers from him for this, causing damage to cattle and sending diseases to people, as well as stories about terrible rituals performed by priests of mysterious Slavic gods and demons etc. Chernoyarsk old-timers know a lot of such legends, and that is why this place is so often visited by tourists and research expeditions.

Cherny Yar is notable for the fact that it is located in a very picturesque places on the banks of the Volga. locals are actively engaged in fishing, catching pike, catfish, roach and even such rare fish as sterlet. Local residents claim that A.N. Ostrovsky, who from childhood was a great fan of traveling along the Volga.