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✪ MYSTERIES OF THE EGYPTIAN PYRAMIDS IN GIZA
✪ Something is happening in Egypt - Are they HIDING it? (2019-2020)
✪ History ancient egypt. Watch documentary online
✪ Secrets of the Egyptian Pharaohs [DocFilm]
✪ Egyptian Pyramid Secret Code 1/5 World Strip [DocFilm]
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Egyptian pyramids - Well, it would seem that there is something new to say? Everything has already been researched and re-explored, all mysteries have been solved, secrets have been revealed. However, until now, these buildings excite the minds of researchers and everyone who is interested in ancient Egypt. And despite the fact that there are a lot of pyramids in Egypt, in the first place, of course, the image of the pyramids of Giza near present-day Cairo pops up for everyone. Well, let's look at the pyramids from a seditious point of view. Relatively recently, scientists discovered that in the Cheops pyramid there are not only ventilation shafts, but also secret rooms that it is impossible for a person to get to. Firstly, the entire pyramid of Cheops, whose height is 138 meters, is pierced by 4 narrow inclined passages, with a cross section of 20 centimeters, which are considered to be ventilation. Secondly, it has been proven that two shafts from the tomb of the pharaoh go outside. Why was there ventilation in a sealed tomb, not to mention the fact that the sloping shafts made the construction of such a large-scale structure much more difficult. Thirdly, two shafts, which, it would seem, should be ventilation for the tomb of the pharaoh's wife, not only do not come to the surface, they did not even reach the tomb itself, that is, they were sealed passages. Since the shafts are quite narrow and stretch quite far, shedding at least some light on the question “what is there?” succeeded only in 1990. The robot, specially assembled for this task, managed to crawl along the shaft as much as 63 meters and only found an obstacle in front of it - a stone door with two metal pins - handles, which, as you might have guessed, the robot could not open. In 2002, another robot got to the door, drilled a hole in it, put a camera in it and saw that behind the door at a distance of 20 centimeters there was another door, exactly the same. Before her, the drill was no longer enough. After another 9 years, a robot called Jedi was finally built, which had more confident training for this kind of research. So the Jedi robot reached the same place as its predecessor and just more accurately examined the small room between the two doors. There are some kind of hieroglyphs on the floor, the meaning of which is not yet clear. Also, a special movable camera on the robot turned around and showed the door from the back side, it is well polished and has decorative loops. In other words, this is not a stone that would prevent debris from entering the shaft, this is a door that someone used. Perhaps he pulled her by the loops behind him? But how? But here's the strangest thing, for some reason, the pictures taken by the robot are not all published. For example, it is not known what was depicted on the ceiling. And why the robot never penetrated the second wall. Moreover, for some reason, the right wall of the secret room, nine years later, received two longitudinal scratches, and the upper wall - the ceiling - had a deeper cut, as if they were resting against it. Note that according to official data, none of the robots penetrated into the chamber itself. Fortunately or not, but practice shows that just meditating is not enough for the brain to develop. Specialized exercises and training are needed. The best solution in this matter is the VIKIUM online platform, which offers a whole range of special courses and simulators aimed at boosting brain performance. It allows you to improve memory, reaction, attention, concentration, as well as the work of thinking. After all, our effectiveness in many areas of life directly depends on them. To achieve a rapid developmental effect, the intelligent system of the Wikium online platform will generate an individual development program for every day. It is built based on data about the level of development of your cognitive functions, obtained after passing the introductory test. More than 4 million users have already rated the Wikium online platform. You can do it for free, but with some restrictions. Useful, exciting and, most importantly, it will take you 15-20 minutes a day. So it's definitely worth a try, the link can be found under the video. Well, we go further and ask ourselves a difficult question - so how old are the pyramids of Egypt? Science has not yet determined the exact date of their construction. Scientists in their definitions differ not even for centuries, but for millennia. According to the traditional version, the pyramids have been standing for 4.5 thousand years. 150 years ago, a so-called inventory stele was found in Giza, on which it was written that Cheops only ordered the Sphinx to be restored, and not built. Also in the 90s, it was proved that the furrows on the body of the Sphinx are traces of rain erosion, however, according to the official chronology, there were no rains that could do this in Egypt for at least 8000 years. Well, the fact that there are medieval maps with full-flowing rivers, cities, blooming Africa and Egypt, all this, of course, just seemed. The most interesting thing is that immediately after the publication of this fact, the Egyptian authorities organized an urgent restoration of the Sphinx. As a result, all traces of erosion disappeared. Simultaneously with the restoration national museum the inventory stele was also removed. True, there is another date. Astronomers claim that the pyramids copy the arrangement of stars in the constellation of Orion, which was observed, attention, 12.5 thousand years ago. The Great Pyramid and the similarly sized Pyramid of Khafre take the place of the two brightest stars in Orion's belt, and the smaller pyramid of Minkaur is offset from the axis of the two neighbors just like the third and smallest star of the belt. But maybe all this great antiquity was created not so long ago, and not thousands of years, but several hundreds have passed since then? Back in the 19th century, an assumption appeared about the uniqueness of the Cheops pyramid, which is also called the Great Pyramid. Judge for yourself, when measuring the pyramid of Cheops itself, it turned out that the perimeter of the pyramid, divided by double the height, gives the exact number Pi with an accuracy of one hundred thousandth. Interestingly, the sacred measure of the length of Egypt, that is, a pyramidal inch is one billionth of the Earth's orbit, passed by it in 24 hours. By a strange coincidence, the pyramidal inch is exactly equal to the English inch. Why do the English units correspond exactly to the "sacred" units of Ancient Egypt? Maybe because they existed at the same time historical time ? By the way, this is reminiscent of a bearded joke about two horse asses, look in the comments if you are not in the know. But seriously, here's more food for thought: At the latitude of the Egyptian pyramids, 34 degrees, is the American city of Houston. Space Flight Control Center, there is also a geodetic control center. The famous Cape Canaveral is also relatively close. So one minute of this latitude of 34 degrees is equal to approximately 1609 meters. And this value is widespread and is called the American mile. And it is also called British, statutory. Usually, when they say just "a mile", they mean exactly it. At the latitude of Moscow, if we take approximately 55.5 degrees, based on the fact that at that time the accuracy was quite approximate, one minute of this latitude is 1054 meters. In Russian culture, this value is called a double verst. One verst, respectively, equals 526 meters. Thus, in those days, the 17th century, the measures of length for each latitude were determined separately and everywhere had their own. Now various variants of this system reach us. For example, there are Bavarian and Munich feet, the differences between which are very small. The ratio of the Moscow standard inch of 2.54 to the equatorial inch of 4.46 is referred to as 4/7. This value - 4/7 or 7/4 was taken as a constant, legalized in the 17th century and, in accordance with this measure, the size of an inch was recalculated. And this version of 4.445 cm was finally adopted. But back to Egypt. The diagonal of the pyramid gives its absolutely exact direction along the meridian. Moreover, the accuracy of this direction to the theoretical north pole was greater than that achieved during the construction of the Paris Observatory. And there are many other similar oddities. Well, the most interesting thing is the construction technology of the Great Pyramid. Scientists continue to insist that the Egyptian pyramids were built from monolithic stone blocks. Until now, the absurd picture is considered generally accepted, as if thousands and thousands of slaves worked in quarries, cutting down monoliths weighing from 2.5 to 15 tons, and then dragging them on a sled across the sand to the construction site. And in the end, with the help of ingenious machines, or with the help of giant inclined embankments, 15-ton blocks were dragged to a height of many tens of meters. True, some blocks are five times heavier, and reach seventy tons. Many years ago, a professor at the University of Bern, Joseph Davidovich, hypothesized that the pyramids could be made of concrete. As evidence, he cited the results of his chemical experiments and visual studies of ancient artifacts. Pay attention to the slab, the surface of the block is covered with a fine mesh, this is a trace of the mat that was superimposed on the inner surface of the formwork box. The concrete version has been developed in detail and at the moment explains almost all the mysteries in pyramid construction technologies. The absence of gaps between the blocks, numerous traces of formwork, the nature of the pouring of blocks, smudges, embedded elements, grouting of concrete that has not yet cooled to the end, and much, much more ... Almost all the load-bearing elements of the structures of ancient Egypt are made of sedimentary rocks. This material was ground and poured into the formwork as part of the solution. The use of partially fired gypsum is most likely a consequence of the fact that in the summer in Egypt there are extremely heat and total lack of precipitation. It doesn't rain sometimes for several years. It is likely that no additional technical means were used to dehydrate the gypsum, and the material dehydrated naturally when heated in the sun. As for the use of additives, then, probably, they were, because. for construction work, it is necessary to increase the solidification time of the material. One of these technologies is the addition of whey to the gypsum solution to increase the setting time and it is possible that something similar was used in Egypt. In ancient Egypt, artificial granite from natural stone chips was widely used. Artificial granite was used not only for casting the entire structural element, but also as a decorative, protective coating for various structural and decorative building elements cast from sedimentary rocks, as well as for decorating interiors as coatings. Of course, in addition to the above, stone processing was also used. Well, about the fact that the Giza plateau is well known for its massive underground system, which consists of both artificial tunnels and chambers, as well as underground rivers and passages that have been mapped using ground-penetrating radar since 1978, we will tell you sometime in another time. See you on our channel.
The forerunners of the pyramids
Late pyramids
With the completion of the 5th dynasty, the construction of the pyramids by the Egyptian pharaohs did not stop. The pyramids of the pharaohs of the 5th-6th dynasties have preserved for us the oldest set of funerary texts known as the (Pyramid Texts). Pyramids were also built by the pharaohs of the 1st transitional period (for example, Merikara) and the rulers of the 12th dynasty (the most famous belongs to Amenemhat III).
Later, the tradition of building pyramids was taken over by the rulers of the Meroitic kingdom.
So, until the time of King Rhampsinite, the priests told further, under good laws, Egypt achieved great prosperity. However, his successor Cheops plunged the country into disaster. First of all, he ordered to close all the sanctuaries and forbade the making of sacrifices. Then he forced all the Egyptians to work for him. So, some were obliged to drag huge blocks of stones from the quarries in the Arabian mountains to the Nile (the stones were transported across the river on ships), while others were ordered to drag further to the so-called Libyan mountains. One hundred thousand people did this work continuously, changing every three months. It took ten years for the exhausted people to build the road along which these stone blocks were dragged, the work, in my opinion, is almost as huge as the construction of the pyramid itself. After all, the road was 5 stages long, and 10 orgies wide, at the highest point 8 orgies high, built of hewn stones with figures carved on them. For ten years, the construction of this road and underground chambers on the hill, where the pyramids stand, continued. In these chambers, Cheops built his tomb on the island, leading the Nile channel to the mountain. The construction of the pyramid itself lasted 20 years. It is four-sided, each side is 8
Everyone knows how many interesting, sometimes amazing scientific discoveries were made by scientists on ancient Egyptian land. A lot of wonderful finds were given by her tombs and temples. But the greatest miracle of Egypt, which amazed people in ancient times, were the pyramids - these amazing artificial mountains - the tombs of the ancient Egyptian kings.
Huge tombs and pyramids were built, requiring incredible prices and containing priceless treasures, and elaborately embalmed mummies. The splendor of Ancient Egypt lasted over 3 thousand years.
The pyramids were impressive tetrahedral tombs built for the pharaohs of the Old Kingdom. All the faces that formed a semblance of a triangle converged at the top, forming a pointed apex.
Scientists note that during the existence of the Ancient Egyptian kingdom, more than 80 pyramids were built, but only a small part has come down to us. There are three surviving pyramids - these are the pyramids of Cheops, Khafre and Mykerin (they also have Egyptian names - Khufu, Khafre and Menkaur). Only the first of this list formally belongs to the legendary seven wonders of the world. However, they are all mysterious and majestic.
The first Egyptian pyramid was built in the desert of Saqqara around 2650 BC. The most imposing pyramids built at Giza over 100 years later had flat sides. The top of each pyramid was probably covered with gold. Inside the pyramids were burial chambers and secret galleries. [Appendix 2] No one really knows why the Egyptians built these pyramid-shaped tombs, but it is possible that they saw them as a stairway to heaven, helping the pharaoh to gain eternal life. Pharaohs were called kings in ancient Egypt. But this is not the only version of the reasons for the construction of the Egyptian pyramids.
On March 22, 1993, news agencies around the world broadcast sensational news - an unknown German robotic engineer Rudolf Gantenbrink made an outstanding discovery. A remote-controlled robot launched by him explored the Cheops pyramid from the inside. Here is the discovery they made. It turned out that the pyramids have their own reflection in the sky, but rather they themselves are a reflection of the constellation Orion. The pyramids of Giza are the belt of Orion. Thus, according to R. Gantenbrink, the theory of "star correspondence" was confirmed. Thanks to the reference to the stars, high accuracy was achieved in the construction of the pyramids. Why is the construction of the pyramids focused specifically on the constellation of Orion? The Nile was the real ruler of Egypt. The flood of the river began on the day of the summer solstice, which was accompanied by the appearance of Sirius from behind the horizon. The rise of Sirius, in turn, preceded the appearance of Orion. This coincidence gave rise to ideas on which the religious cult is based. After a period of absence of these constellations, began new season rebirth of life. That is why Orion was associated with the great god Osiris.
Excellent astronomers lived in ancient Egypt. The Egyptians, as you know, in order to determine the exact time of crops, followed the stars very carefully, compiling star maps and tables. Therefore, the pyramids are oriented strictly along the meridian, their faces look at 4 cardinal points, the entrance is always located on the north side of the structure.
Another interesting theory is the use of the pyramids as a power plant.
You can find several confirmations of this hypothesis, based on the architecture of the pyramid of Cheops. Did it make sense for the ancient Egyptians to build such a grand structure just to honor the memory of the pharaoh? The pyramid is riddled with various shafts and channels throughout its height and extent. It has been scientifically proven that these channels are laid in accordance with the maps of the starry sky. A vertical channel runs along the axial line of the pyramid, which, perhaps, is an energy installation for communication with the Universal Mind or the spirits of ancestors, according to beliefs ancient people. I wonder what is inside the pyramid a large number of rooms that have nothing to do with the burial rite. It has not yet been proven whether, in fact, Pharaoh Khufu (Cheops) was buried in the burial chamber of the Great Pyramid or still elsewhere.
The mysteries of the pyramids of Ancient Egypt with each new discovery leave more and more questions than answers. The Pyramid of Cheops was built on the basis of more ancient pyramid, the construction time of which is presumably 14 thousand years BC. Its size is so large that it occupies about half the volume of the Great Pyramid. When arranging and painting the interior, special lamps, possibly electric ones, were used. They were discovered during excavations and still gave off a faint light, despite the thousands of years since they were buried.
There is a hypothesis that the Egyptians received electricity using power plants such as the Great Gallery in the pyramid of Cheops. On the faces of the pyramid, scientists have found various images made with the help of grooves. Drawings, if desired, can be seen in reflected light. On the south side of the pyramid, most likely, a portrait of the ancient Egyptian god Thoth, one of the most significant gods in Egyptian mythology, is depicted. Riddles in stone, the secrets of the pyramids of Ancient Egypt will excite the imagination of mankind for a long time, getting their response in books and movies. One can only hope that the technologies of the twenty-first century will still be able to open to people the knowledge that was buried under the thickness of sand and time.
Back in the 10th century, the historian Masudi argued that the Egyptian pyramids of Giza are not only the repository of all the knowledge of the ancient Egyptians on astronomy, art and religion, but also contain "historical and prophetic predictions." In 1865, Robert Menzies suggested that if we take the sacred inch of the Egyptians as a basis and measure the length of the inner chambers of the Egyptian pyramid, then we will find the chronological dates of the most important events of the past and future. Based on the discoveries made by Mr. Varil in 1948-49, symbolist Egyptologists believe that the architecture of most of the temples of ancient Egypt contains a number of symbols of a philosophical, historical, and especially religious nature. In their opinion, the location of the foundations of the colonnades and even the superstructures of the superficial structures of these monuments indicate esoteric knowledge hidden from the layman. In turn, the famous astronomer, director of the Bourges Observatory, Abbot Moret, devoted his life to unraveling the mysteries that the study of ancient Egyptian temples and the pyramid of Cheops in Giza brings to scientists.
The measurements of the Egyptian pyramid of Cheops obtained by engineer Davidson were amazing. The diagonal of the Egyptian pyramid of Cheops gives its absolutely exact direction along the meridian, and the accuracy of this direction to the theoretical north pole reaches 4 minutes 30 seconds: this is more accurate than the Paris Observatory. In addition, this meridian, passing through the Egyptian pyramid of Cheops, divides the surface of the sea and land into two equal parts, counting America and Pacific Ocean. Moreover: the latitude passing through the center of the pyramid of Cheops also divides the entire globe into two equal parts, according to the amount of land and water. Thus, for 2500 years BC. The Egyptians knew the exact ratio of the surface of all the continents and it was not by chance that they chose the mouth of the Nile for the construction of the Egyptian pyramids of Giza. When measuring the Cheops pyramid itself, it turned out that the perimeter of the pyramid of Giza, divided by double the height, gives the exact number "Pi", with an accuracy of one hundred thousandth. Interestingly, the sacred measure of the length of Egypt, i.e. the pyramidal inch (coincidentally equal to modern English) is one billionth of the Earth's orbit passed by it in 24 hours. Another linear measure of the pyramid is a cubit, equal to 25 inches, or 635.66 millimeters - this is one ten-millionth of the Earth's polar radius. The sum of the two diagonals of the Egyptian pyramid, expressed in inches, gives the number of years during which the north pole of our earth makes one complete revolution. The volume of the pyramid, multiplied by the specific gravity of the stone from which it is made, gives the theoretical weight of the globe. The same measure is found again in the chambers of the king when measuring the "sarcophagus". We find its volume in relation to the volume of the globe. This volume, so to speak, the standard of weight, coincides exactly with the weight of one English pound (453.59 g). The archaic units of English measures correspond exactly to the "sacred" units of Ancient Egypt!
pyramid ancient egyptian pharaoh tomb
Introduction
Almost five thousand years ago, the Egyptian pharaoh Djoser and his brilliant architect Imhotep decided to erect a structure that the world had never seen before - a colossal mountain of stone, built according to strict mathematical calculations, so strong that it stood until the end of time. The construction of this first pyramid in the world lasted more than two decades, and the number of workers - prisoners of war, slaves, volunteers - numbered in the tens of thousands. Over the next two centuries Egyptian pharaohs following the example of the first builders of the pyramid, they erected tombs for themselves. During this relatively short period of time, the great pyramids were built, which to this day amaze and delight crowds of people. But the construction of these grandiose man-made mountains stopped as suddenly as it began. The pharaohs, as before, were content with more modest tombs.
Despite all the apparent inviolability of the pyramids, they, ironically, suffered not so much from the forces of nature as from the hands of man. The ancient Egyptians were the first vandals: they plundered their burial chambers and mercilessly tore off their limestone shell, using material for other buildings, and. this barbarism continued into later times.
Father of history" Herodotus called the Egyptian pyramids "the first wonder of the world." The past millennia not only confirm this name, but also increasingly force researchers to consider this "miracle" the greatest and most mysterious of all known to mankind.
Pyramids discovered in different parts of the world show that they are not only the prerogative of the Egyptians. The size, age and good preservation of the pyramids are simply amazing. Perhaps such architecture embodied knowledge unknown to us and had some special sacred meaning ... One thing can be said for sure: the pyramids of the world defy time and traditional science.
The purpose of the work is to study the pyramids as an object of the world historical cultural heritage.
study the history of the pyramids;
Consider the location of the pyramids on earth;
consider Interesting Facts and secrets of the pyramids;
Consider the astronomical and mathematical riddles of the pyramids.
pyramids of the world
The history of the pyramids
pyramid civilization astronomical
Ancient Egypt is the oldest world civilization, which still remains largely mysterious and full of secrets, despite all the technical achievements of modern science. And one of these secrets remains the history of the creation of the pyramids. Pyramids are majestic structures, a symbol of Ancient Egypt. The rulers of ancient Egypt, the pharaohs, needed to stand out among other mortals, to confirm their divine origin, therefore, after the death of their mummies, they should not have been in the usual scale - tombs of the traditional form in the form of a truncated pyramid, but in more powerful structures - huge stone tombs of a pyramidal shape.
There are a number of versions about the origin of the pyramids. The official, or so to speak, classical version says that the construction of the pyramids in ancient Egypt began 4000 years before the beginning of our era. The very first pyramid was built by the ancient architect Imhotep for the dynasty of pharaohs Djoser in Saqqara. It has been perfectly preserved to this day and is located 20 km from modern Cairo. This is a stepped pyramid with a rhombus at the base. Later, Imhotep, who did not come from a royal dynasty, received divine status for erecting such a majestic structure. History has preserved the name of this man to our times, which in itself is unusual. Among the so-called "seven wonders of the world" known in antiquity, which amazed the imagination of their contemporaries, another pyramid of Ancient Egypt is called. This is the pyramid of Cheops. It, unlike other wonders of the world, exists to this day and still produces a grandiose impression of majesty. Its height is 146 m and is on a par with the tallest buildings of our time. The pyramid of Cheops was built from 2.3 million limestone blocks, which, as it were, had not been touched by time.
The construction of these majestic structures was carried out by thousands of slaves. They dragged huge blocks of stone worked with copper tools along the ramps. In some pyramids, the blocks reached a weight of two hundred tons, and for modern builders it is incomprehensible how the ancient Egyptians lifted such blocks to the tops of the pyramids. According to the Greek historian Herodotus, they used mechanical lifts, although even now in the 21st century, the globe there are not many designs of overhead cranes that are able to move a load of this weight. Therefore, the most fantastic theories of the appearance of the pyramids in ancient Egypt have arisen and continue to arise. The perfect processing of stone blocks, some of which have not just a smooth, but downright mirror-like surface, suggests that special tools were used in their construction, which simply could not have been in the Bronze Age. Hence the very common version of space aliens, who are the true builders of the ancient Egyptian pyramids.
Another common version of the construction of the pyramids - they were erected by Atlantes, giant creatures from the island of Plato. The authenticity of this hypothesis is confirmed by traces of erosion on the lower blocks of the pyramids, which may appear from a long stay of the structure in the water. In addition, even fossils of shells are found, which are much older than the usual age of the Egyptian pyramids. There are other versions, which only add mystery to these grandiose symbols of Ancient Egypt, and, at the same time, our contemporaries' curiosity and admiration for them does not pass.
I want to summarize all the information about the most famous Egyptian pyramids, collected on LifeGlobe, into a single collection. Naturally, here I will describe only the largest pyramids, with links to a separate article about each of them. In detailed topics you will find both their coordinates and a more detailed description. In total, there are 118 pyramids in Egypt of various shapes, sizes and heights, but we will start, of course, with the three Great Egyptian pyramids in Giza. It is these structures on the Giza plateau that are included in the list of the seven ancient wonders of the world, although, in addition to Giza, there are many pyramids in other parts of Egypt.
The first number in our review will be the Great Pyramid of Cheops, which is known anywhere in the world. It is she who is the face of the Egyptian pyramids and the largest building of antiquity, giving rise to many secrets and legends around her. The construction of the pyramid took two whole decades and was completed in 2560 BC. 
With a height of 146.5 meters, it was the largest building in the world for over 4 millennia. I have been collecting material about the Great Pyramid for a long time in a separate article, at the link above you can learn more about it. 
The second most important is the pyramid of Khafre, the son of Cheops. It was built on a 10-meter plateau, because it seems to be higher than the pyramid of Cheops, but it is not. Its height is 136.4 meters, while that of Cheops is 146.5 meters. 
Not far from the pyramid of Khafre is the Great Sphinx - a monument carved into the rock. The facial features of the Sphinx repeat the face of Pharaoh Khafre. 
The third great pyramid is the Pyramid of Menkaure. It is the smallest of them, and built the latest. In height, it is only 66 meters, and the length of the base is 108.4 meters. 
Despite its small size, it is considered to be the most beautiful of the three pyramids. In addition, the pyramid of Menkaure marked the end of an era great pyramids. All subsequent buildings were small in size. 
The Egyptian pyramids do not end there, we move from Giza to other parts of Egypt. One of the largest in Egypt is the step pyramid of Djoser. It is located in the village of Sakkara, and was built for Pharaoh Djoser by Imhotep himself. It occupies an area of 125 by 115 meters, and its height is 62 meters. This is the first pyramid in Egypt, and also very well preserved. 
The most unusual in form can be safely called the pyramid in Medum. It is located 100 kilometers south of the capital of Egypt, it was built for Pharaoh Huni, but his son Sneferu completed it. It originally had 8 steps, but in our time only the last 3 are visible. After construction, its height was 118 meters, and the area was 146 by 146 meters. 
The Pink Pyramid is unusual in that it has a pink hue due to the special stone used for its construction. This is the third highest pyramid after Cheops and Khafre, 104.4 meters high. Researchers believe that this pyramid was also built by Pharaoh Sneferu, already known to us. 
Not far from the Pink one is the Bent Pyramid, built in the 26th century. BC e. She got her name because of the irregular shape. See for yourself, it was built in 3 stages, at each of which it was given different angles of inclination: 
I have described the largest and most famous Egyptian pyramids, now let's move on to smaller specimens. A later building is the pyramid of Userkaf at Saqqara, not far from the pyramid of Djoser. It has been preserved very poorly, therefore only the initial data can be given: its height is 49.4 meters, the length at the base is 73.30 meters. 
Not far from Saqqara, in Abusir, is the pyramid of the pharaoh of the 5th dynasty Sahure. In the likeness of this pyramid, all subsequent complexes of the pharaohs of this dynasty were built. Unfortunately, this pyramid has survived to this day in a rather poor condition. 
Let's finish our review of the most outstanding Egyptian pyramids with the pyramid of Unas in Saqqara. It is notable for the fact that the very first "Pyramid Texts" were discovered here - ancient hieroglyphs on the walls of the burial chamber. Many scholars are still deciphering these texts. 
Pyramids of Ancient Egypt: secrets, riddles, structure, architecture and internal structure of the pyramids of Ancient Egypt
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- The pyramids of Egypt are a unique architectural monument that has remained for centuries thanks to the mysterious builders who managed to create structures so strong that no natural disasters and destructive wars could completely destroy these ancient Egyptian necropolises. The riddle of the pyramids has not yet been solved: it is impossible to speak with confidence either about the method of their construction, or about who acted as the main labor force. Now in Egypt there are about 118 pyramids, the largest of which were built during the reign of the III and IV dynasties of the pharaohs, that is, during the period of the so-called Old Kingdom. There are two types of pyramids: stepped and regular. The structures of the first type are considered the oldest. For example, the pyramid of Pharaoh Djoser, dating back to 2650 BC. e.
Necropolis in Greek means " City of dead"and is a cemetery, usually located on the outskirts of the city. Egyptian pyramids - one of the varieties of this kind of burial - served as monumental tombs for the pharaohs.
What do we know about the pyramids of Egypt?
For the first time, they learned about the pyramids thanks to the ancient Greek historian Herodotus, who lived in the 5th century BC. Traveling in Egypt, he was struck by the famous pyramids of Giza and immediately ranked one of them, dedicated to Cheops, among the seven wonders of the world. Moreover, it was Herodotus who created the legend about how these structures were built. As soon as the pyramids became the object of research by scientists, and this happened only two hundred years ago, this legend immediately became a historical truth, the reliability of which was refuted not so long ago.
How were the ancient pyramids built?
Until our time, safe and sound, not so much has come down as we would like. Numerous vandals who plundered the pyramids for the treasures hidden inside, and locals, who broke out stone blocks for the construction of palaces and mosques, destroyed part of the external and internal appearance. So, the Pink or Northern Pyramid from Dahshur (26 km south of Cairo) got its name because of the color of the stone, turning pink in the rays of the setting Sun. However, she wasn't always like this. Previously, the structure was covered with white limestone, which was completely used to build houses in Cairo.
For a long time it was believed that people who violate the peace of the pharaohs, the ancient gods doom to death. This was confirmed by the legend of the curse of Pharaoh Tutankhamun, according to which everyone who participated in the opening of the grave had to die within a few years. And indeed, by 1929 (the tomb was opened in 1922), 22 people, one way or another involved in the autopsy, died. Whether the reason was the magic of Ancient Egypt or the poison laid in the sarcophagus during burial, it remains to be seen.
It is believed that the famous Great Sphinx, lying near the pyramids of Giza, is the peace guard of the buried pharaohs.
Architecture and internal structure of the pyramids
Pyramids were only part of the ritual-burial complex. Next to each of them were two temples, one side by side, and the other much lower, so that its foot was washed by the waters of the Nile. Pyramids and temples were connected by alleys. An analogue of an alley of a similar plan can be seen in Luxor. The famous Luxor and Karnak temples were united by an alley of sphinxes that has partially survived to our time. The pyramids of Giza have practically not preserved their temples and alleys: only the lower temple of Khafre, the pharaoh of the IV dynasty, has long been considered the temple of the Great Sphinx.
The internal structure of the pyramids implied the obligatory presence of a chamber where the sarcophagus with a mummy was located, and cut passages to this chamber. Sometimes religious texts were placed there. Thus, the interior of the pyramids in Saqqara, an Egyptian village 30 km from Cairo, contained the oldest works of funeral literature that have come down to us.
It is believed that the famous Great Sphinx, lying near the pyramids of Giza, is the guardian of the peace of the buried pharaohs. The ancient Egyptian name for this first monumental sculpture in the world has not survived to our time. Only the Greek version of the designation remained in history. Medieval Arabs called the Sphinx "the father of horror."
Modern Egyptologists suggest that the construction of the pyramids was carried out in several stages. Moreover, sometimes the size of the tomb in the process of creation increased several times in comparison with the original project. Pharaohs built their tomb for many years. Only earthworks and leveling the site for the future construction required at least ten. Pharaoh Cheops took twenty years to build the largest pyramid to date. The workers who built the tombs were not at all slaves tortured to death. Moreover, archaeological excavations have shown that they were kept in fairly decent conditions, treated and fed normally. However, it is still not known exactly how the huge stone blocks got to the very top. It is only obvious that the construction technique has changed over time, and later buildings were built differently than the first ones.
the most unesco
Pyramid of Djoser
Giza, Al Badrashin
Deciding on this trip is definitely worth it, if only out of curiosity. After all, the pyramid of Djoser is recognized as the oldest surviving Egyptian pyramid. Yes, yes, this is the first pyramid in Egypt, and it was built in honor of the ruler Djoser by the architect and close associate of the pharaoh Imhotep.
