World of travel
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02.09.16 10:17
The picturesque landscape with the waters of turquoise rivers, mountains, caves, emerald meadows, bright colors, is the work of the nature of nature (well, or a skillful landscape designer). But the most famous buildings and structures built people. Skyscrapers of New York and Vintage Gothic Churches, Palaces and Luxury Tips, Temples Melpomena and Urban Towers of Glass and Modern Materials - from Alaska to Tokyo city landscapes are decorated with creations of talented architectures. The most famous buildings in the world hundreds, so our rating will not be able to embrace them all!
Heart Mecca
When Muslims pray, they turn to the face in the direction of Kaaba, sacred place their pilgrimages. This black granite parallelepiped is in Saudi Arabia, in the center of the most revered Mosque Islam, Al Masjid Al-Haram in Mecca. Every Muslim dreams at least once in his life to visit Kaaba. The walls of granite bricks are decorated with gold, the sizes of the structure are small: 11.03 by 12.86 m. Kaaba floor is made of marble and limestone. Initially, it had two doors (for input and output) and one window, now there is a single door here, and the window was inspired. Previously, Kaab was opened for all pilgrims, but because of the huge number of visitors, the tolerance was limited.
Shinted sails
One of the most significant buildings in the world - the Sydney Opera House, included in the UNESCO World Heritage List in 2007. A gigant in 185 m and a 120 m wide is distinguished by a unique design (the project of the Danish architect Yorna Watzon won 232 competitors projects). You look at him, and it seems that the wind swells huge bright sails. The construction of the building began in 1959, tent thousand workers were involved, and still the object could open only after 14 years. Now the theater is a business card of the largest Australian city.
In honor of the World Exhibition
But the symbol of Paris can easily call even a child. The construction of the Eiffel Tower was dedicated to the opening World Exhibition in Paris (1889th year). The 324-meter beauty received a name in honor of the Gustava Eiffel engineer, whose design bureau developed a project and built the tower. All works left 2 years. 2 months and 5 days. This is not only the most famous building (rather, the construction) in France, but also one of the most popular attractions in the world - more than 7 million people come here every year.
In Manhattan horizon
The 102-storey building decorating the horizon of the New York Manhattan, designed architect William F. Lamb. The construction of the ambitious skyscraper began in 1929, and completed it in 410 days. Almost for forty years, Empire State Building was the highest building of the metropolis. 85 Floors of Giant are offices and commercial areas, and 16 others are the Tower in the Art Deco style. There are two viewing platforms - on the 86th floor, open, with a 360-degree view of New York, and smaller, closed, at 102nd.
Guarded by rortes and chimerers
The most famous buildings of the world include the Catholic Cathedral of Notre Dame de Paris, the residence of the Archbishop of Paris. This magnificent architectural monument reaches 35 meters in height, 130 - in length and 48 - in width. In 1163, this gothic miracle acquired a foundation, and a modern view - only in 1345th. The temple is known not only by architectural delights and sculptures of Himer and Garguli, but also one of the largest organs and bells in the world. The facade of the shrine is decorated with three ridiculous entrances, two towers and a giant stained glass outlet.
The brains of blinded architect
Cathedral of Vasily blissful with its unique domes is the same symbol of Moscow and Russia as the Eiffel Tower in Paris. He grew up on Red Square in the middle of the XVI century in memory of the Tick of Kazan. The initiator of the construction was Ivan the Terrible, who wanted to perpetuate his victory. Since the Kazan Khans fell on the eve of the holiday of the Intercession of the Blessed Virgin, the temple was consecrated in honor of him (although we call the architectural monument easier - the temple of Vasily blissful). There are several versions who were the architects of the Cathedral. According to one of them, the king commanded to buy an architect of the eye so that he could not repeat the masterpiece. Although most likely, it is only a beautiful terrible legend.
Novatovsky House Gaudi.
Barcelona has several houses that could claim the place in the ranking of the most famous buildings of the world, and all of them designed the brilliant Spanish (Catalan architect Antoni Gaudi. We stopped at the house of Mila (Cas Mila), built at the beginning of the twentieth century for a rich pair. The area of \u200b\u200beach of the floors is 1323 square meters. m, they are located apartments, offices, museum, cafe, showroom. Because of his unusual facade, Cas Mila is nicknamed in the people of "La Pedrera" ("Quarry"). It was the last "household" Creation of Gaudi, after him he began to project the temple of Sagrada surname. At one time, the architectr was criticized for the modernist design, but he came up with many structural innovations, including attic with arches, an unusual terrace, inner courtyards, an underground garage. In 1984, the house entered the UNESCO World Heritage List - the first of the objects of the twentieth century.
You will dream of London sky! With the "fragment"
"Shard" (Shard) - most modern building In our top. This is the 87-storey skyscraper, which shown in the London sky and not badly fit into the Victorian ensemble (which includes the Tower Bridge). The construction of the "Shard" was found in 2009, and in 2012, the Prime Minister of Qatar was opened in 2012 (the building belongs to this state) Bin Yassim Hamad Bin Jab Al Tanya. The Architect Renzo drunk conceived the project as a Obelisk or Spire, as if leaving the water. In the highest building of the British capital 11000 glass panels and 56000 square meters. Meters of the facade of special glass, which is why it got such a name.
Dubai Giant
The 309-meter "fragment" seems to be a Gulliver in the country of giants, if you put it near the Dubai Tower of Burj Khalifa, grew up in the capital of the Emirate in 2009. The highest and one of the most famous buildings of the planet designed Adrian Smith, inspired by the form of a tropical flower of Himenokallis. Dubai landmark is proud of several features: there is the highest observation deck In the world, the elevator overcoming the largest distance (in total in a building of 57 elevators, and only one - official) comes from the foot to the top). The height of Burj Caliphs is 828 meters (according to other sources - 829.8 m), and the weight of the structure is 500 tons.
So you need to honor wives!
We looked at Sydney's visiting card, Dubai, the capitals of France, Russia, came a turn of India. The first row of the rating of the most famous world buildings is the most exquisite and amazing - a miracle of white marble, which grew up on the Jamna River in Agra in the middle of the XVII century. The masterpiece of Persian, Indian, Arabian and Mogolsky style was designed to take care of the memory of the beloved wife of the emperor of the Great Mogolov Shah-Jahan. Mausoleum Beauty Mumtaz-Mahal is not only her tomb, later, the ruler himself joined the spouse himself and the ruler himself. Since 1983, Indian architectural jewel has entered the UNESCO World Heritage List, and later became one of the seven new wonders of the world. A 240-meter building with four minarets and five domes were erected by more than 22 thousand workers, and a special marble grade was chosen for construction. Thanks to this (and inlays of semi-precious stones), the Taj Mahal pose in the morning, becomes milky white evenings, and at night silver at the light of the moon. The facade is arranged a marble pool, reflecting a magnificent building.
Buildings refer to the most impressive artwork. Having spent reasonable amounts for construction, you can stroll through finished projects and even live inside. Insider gathered 30 structures that shook the imagination.
The most oldest preserved building on Earth - Göbekley-Tepes in Turkey. His age is estimated at least the ninth millennium to our era. Archaeologists are not confident in the appointment of Goebekley-Tepe. Most likely, the building had a religious value.
Since then, mankind has managed to build a lot of steep facilities. For example, only for last year Futuristic Futton Center opened in New York ...
... and Penhi Gymnasium and Essendon in Melbourne, Australia.
An amazing golden temple in Amritsar, India, seems to grow straight from the water of the Amritsar River.
At night, the religious center of Sikhov looks simply amazing.
Church of Las Lahas in Narinho, Colombia, at first puzzles, as the construction seems to challenge gravity.
Architect-modernist Antonio Gaudi did not live to complete the construction of the church of the Holy Family - in fact, its construction continues to this day. Outside, the temple reminds at home from the "Chronicle of Narnia" ...
... and his interior decoration is even more surreal.
Flaton Bilding was one of the first skyscrapers of New York ...
... like Wolworth Building - most high building Peace from 1913 to 1930.
In Omiti, Japan, young couples often spend marriage ceremonies at Ribbon Chapel ("Ribbon Chapel").
In Seoul, the Church of Light of Life ("Light Light") rises in Seoul surrounded by the greenery.
Inside it looks completely different.
Design of skyscrapers Marina City in Chicago, to put it mildly, unique. Built in 1964, they became one of the first buildings of mixed destination. For the first time in the United States, a high-rise crane was applied during construction.
But not all buildings seek heaven. Church of Tempeliaukio, Helsinki, Finland, carved into the rock under the ground, and it receives enough sunlight.
The Church of St. George in Lalibel, Ethiopia, was carved from whole boulder in the XII century.
Some of the most beautiful buildings are part of the landscape. Turninn in Reykjavik reflects the wild beauty of Iceland.
Modernist Ludwig Mist Van der Roe used faces and open space to create masterpieces, which seem to soar in the air - as a new National Gallery in Berlin, built in the 1960s.
In addition, Berlin is a home for Mecca of electronic music - the Berghain Brutal Nightclub.
Unity with the environment is one of the oldest concepts in architecture. In the ancient japanese capital Kyoto are an exciting golden pavilion (Kinkakuji) ...
... and no less stunning silver.
Great Mosque Jenne in Mali is the largest mud structure in the world. It can accommodate 3 thousand believers.
The fancy center of Pompidou in Paris is a masterpiece of postmodernism.
Built about 1200, a Charther Cathedral in Northern France is an excellent example of gothic architecture. Pay attention to richly decorated "portals" leading to the building ...
... and a stunning organ inside.
Perhaps the only religious structure that can compare with him in greatness is the Blue Mosque in Istanbul. Its construction was completed at the beginning of the XVII century and coincided with the flourishing period of the Ottoman Empire.
In the interior, more than 20 thousand handmade tiles are used.
It is believed that Neuschwanstein Castle in Bavaria inspired Walt Disney to create a sleeping beauty castle.
Trinity College - Pearl of Dublin University.
He is known for his library, the most amazing hall of which has the characteristic name "long room".
The Imperial Palace is the same forbidden city - the highest form of Chinese architecture.
In the period from 1420 to 1912, the palace served as a government residence.
Its interior is really impressive ...
... as well as attention to detail.
Today, the most exotic samples of modern architecture can be seen in Beijing. For example, the CCTV Tower, also known as "pants".
WITH Polytechnic University Hong Kong The late Zach Hadid did what he managed only to her - turned tough, clean modernism lines into something organic.
Machu-Picchu is located high in Peruvian Andes - the best sample of Incan architecture.
Archaeologists believe that the city was built in about 1450.
More detailed picture of the residential quarter.
In 2007, in Medelline, Colombia, opened by Parque Biblioteca España. Her project was developed by the Colombian architect Giancarlo Mazzanti. Three buildings should look like stones.
From the library located in the Santo Domingo district of Savio, overlooking Medellin himself, lying in the valley surrounded by Andes.
Sydney Opera House is rightfully considered a cult representative of the Australian architecture.
Developed by the Danish architect Yorno Lodon and opened in 1973, the theater became a literal canvas of public expression.
His interior also shakes the imagination.
The people are many of the mythswho do not have absolutely no one to do with reality. We are promoting ten of them.
1. The architect (s) of the Basil's blessed temple was blinded after the completion of construction.
Church listed world Heritage UNESCO enchants his amazing towers of visitors of Red Square. They were fascinated by them and the customer of this beauty Ivan Vasilyevich Grozny. The legend states that for the sake of the uniqueness of this architecture, Ivan Grozny ordered the crew of an amazing temple.
But incurdity comes out. Four years after the death of Ivan the Terrible Master, Jakovlev's postnuter on nicknamed Barma was attracted to the construction of the Kazan Kremlin. With architects, in fact, nothing is also clear. According to the obsolete version of the Barma and the postnim, two different people. There is also the theory that the creation of the temple was attracted by the Western European "Varyag". But if the theory is true with the postal service, Ivan Vasilyevich turned out to be very merciful.
2. The official residence of the British Queen is located in the Buckingham Palace.
In fact, Elizabeth II itself does not get tired to emphasize that its official residence is Saint James Palace. And this palace is already four centuries.
The myth of the Buckingham Palace arose thanks to Queen of Victoria, who preferred to live in it. And despite the permanent residence of the royal family at this address, the official place of residence of British monarchs, the Buckingham Palace did not. 
3. Penny, relieved with Empire State Building, is able to kill a person.
Rumors say that Penny Raised from the top floor Empire State Building (Empire State Building) and the victim fell into the head will lead to the death of this very victim.
It seems that the creators of this myth were little familiar with such a science as physics. Since the coin is not a spherical shape or shape of a pointed cylinder, it becomes obvious that due to the flat side of the coin, the strength of the resistance will increase, and the weight will not allow to gain sufficient speed in order to break the human bone.
4. Big Ben.
Well, who does not know what London Big Ben is? Of course, famous watchs located on the tower ...
So Big Ben is a bell that is inside this tower. The tower itself is referred to as the Elizabeth Tower (Elizabeth Tower). 
5. The white house was repainted after the British arson.
The legend says that when the white house was built, it was gray. In 1814, while the war of 1812 was in full swing, the British troops set fire to the White House. After repair, the building was painted with white.
The British really burned a part of the White House in 1814. Only here is a white facade house got sixteen years earlier. White House got his legendary white View Back in 1798, when he was twisted to protect against winter weather. An even more powerful proof is that in 1811 he was already known as the White House in the UK. 
6. In Washington, it is impossible to build buildings above the Capitol.
There is a legend that in the capital of the United States it is impossible to build a building, the height of which exceeded the height of the Capitol dome.
And here is not! The reason for the lack of highness lies in an act of the height of the buildings signed in 1910 by Thomas Jefferson, which states that the height of the buildings is limited to the street width plus 6 meters. 
7. Galileo Galilee dropped the cannon kernels with the Pisa Tower.
The most famous of his experiments was, of course, where he threw two cannon kernels with the Pisa Tower to demonstrate that two similar in the form of falling bodies with a different mass would fall at the same speed.
However, it really happened is very doubtful. Historians believe that this experiment was invented in order for Galileo to seek a kind of god of science or that he spent this experiment "mentally," as hypothetical and in no way associated with real action. 
8. Stonehenge was built by Druidians.
The author of this theory was the archaeologist John Obrey (John Aubrey) back in 1640. What he was guided by - remains a mystery.
With the development of technical progress, the history of the creation of this structure has become even less understandable. Carbon analysis showed that Stonehede was created for several hundred years. The first buildings are dating 2400-2200. BC, the last - 1600 BC. Druids settled in these places much later. 
9. Hoover Dam (Hoover Dam) is filled with human bodies.
On the construction of this huge dam, which has lasted from 1931 to 1936, 96 people folded their lives. The legend states that their bodies rest in this very dam.
This myth is unlikely at least because the dam is built from concrete blocks, which were installed on each other gradually, increasing the height of the structure.
Noteworthy is the fact that the first deceased J. Tarnney drowned in December 1922 when choosing a place for construction. The last victim of the structure was his son Patrick Tarnni, having sorted with one of water Tower On the day of the death of the father exactly 13 years old. 
10. The Great Wall of China is the only architectural structure that can be seen from space.
The Chinese cosmonaut Yang Livei (Yang Liwei) in 2003 could not see the landmark of his native country from Sosmos, although she knew her location.
Former astronaut Nasa Jeffrey Hoffman (Jeffrey Hoffman) was also unable to distinguish the Great Chinese wall From space, but I saw the runway, deserted roads and aryki, simply because they contrast with their surroundings. 
In addition, both firms have their own highlight:
- Aedes ARS is with a dozen of the world famous for the whole world of historical buildings, from Stonehenge to the youth Academy of Barcelona.
- But Domus Kits cooperated with OCCRE (yes, that very) to release a series of houses with a wooden frame, and not with cardboard, as usual.
Assembling models is not complicated and not long, which makes them attractive for children, starting from 10 years. For the assembly, it is necessary to adhesive the type of PVA, a knife, tweezers, sandpaper and sometimes appropriate. Step-by-step assembly instructions in circuits or color photographs will be understood even if you are not familiar with the technical drawings.
