In 2011, one of the oldest airports of Moscow was closed - "Bykovo", built in 1933. Looking at the territory of the airport from satellite cards, I noticed a group of aircraft aside from the runway. Now it is left for small, come there and see everything with your own eyes.

Collecting on the road to Bykovo all the traffic jams that were, we got to the place just a couple of hours before the onset of darkness. With the weather, too, it was not lucky, it was constantly raining. But as I assumed, it was elementary to get to the aircraft.

The older airport "Bykovo" was only the central airfield. M. V. Frunze, built in 1910 on the Khodynsky field, who also ceased to exist in this century.

The first aircraft turned out to be exactly in the place where the coordinates from the satellite card showed. True, there were two of them on the snapshot, and only one remained in reality:

But a group of three aircraft, which was supposed to be in a kilometer from this board, moved closer and got another machine. So the number of abandoned aircraft on satellite map. And in fact coincided.

The first, no longer an aircraft, on our path was IL-76TD:

This aircraft was released in December 1982 for the USSR Air Force. As a military transport aircraft, this board flew 10 years.

After the collapse of the USSR, the plane remained in Ukraine, where in 1993 he was deposited. Holding two years, the plane began to use again, first one year in Ukraine, and then after conversion to IL-76TD, it began to be operated in Russia.

In Russia, this aircraft was exploited by Aviaist's airline, which seven flights left him for storage at Bykovo airport. The aircraft since then no longer flew, but was able to survive his airline, which was closed in 2008.

It's time to climb inside the aircraft. The door was not locked, and we like decent people, went through it:

Bardak reigns inside, but it does not interfere with estimating the rather big size of the cargo compartment. Its length with a ramp 24.5 meters:

Maximum commercial load this aircraft Mounted 50 tons and take this load it could be 3,650 km. Well, let's throw another look at the cargo part and move to the cockpit.

From the cockpit there is already little that remains. All equipment and even the floor dismantled. Only the chair of the navigator in its place:

Such a plane controls the crew of 7 people, so there was quite a few equipment here. In the technical compartment next to the cabin there is an emergency operational hatch that leads out. Rising through the hatch you can run by the aircraft from above:

As it turned out, a few days after our visit, this IL-76TD was broken and exported.

Let us turn to the group of four aircraft. All of them were manufactured by OKB Yakovleva. Yak-42d is a near-hymagnetary passenger aircraft who first saw the sky 26 years ago. This plane came to shift Yak-42 and corrected, a number of his obvious inconvenience. By the way, this aircraft was released in the same year when Yak-42d made his first flight.

Another 5 years ago, this board regularly flew, and then the airline Elbrus-Avia sent him to be stored in 2008. After the year, the airline was covered due to debts and the plane was arrested. If you believe the Internet, this yak-42d put on sale. So if someone wants to buy this airplane, then let it prepare 33,759,000 rubles.

Of the 120 chairs, the economy class remains only three.

Rear input ladder:

Cabin. To control Yak-42d there were enough two people:

True, this aircraft is unlikely to fly, most likely he will comprehend the fate of his neighbor - IL-76TD.

Another Yak-42D airline Elbrus-Avia. The engines have already removed from it, so I will not be surprised if he will go under the knife:

This aircraft was released two years later than the previous one, in 1989.

Unfortunately, the cabin is also pretty damaged:

Let's look at the plane another time from the side and go to the next.

Another Yak-42d. The engines on it are also absent. This board managed to fly a little longer than his neighbors. He arrived in Bykovo in 2009 for maintenance, where he was arrested and sent here.

The rear input ladder was omitted, which facilitated the task of entering inside:

This plane catastrophically lacked gender:

Let us turn to the next aircraft, in my opinion he is the most interesting - the Piped Passenger Passenger Airplane Yak-40K:

Of all the aircraft in which we were this evening, here the most preserved cabin of pilots:

It's funny that all these planes survived their airlines, which closed at the end of zero years.

Right holder illustration Usaf

Where are the written off airplanes? The correspondent tells about the huge "cemeteries" in the desert in the southwest of the United States, where the last shelter thousands found aircraft.

If you go along the South Colob Road highway through the city of Tucson in Arizona, you can see an unusual landscape: the row of houses is replaced by rows of American military aircraft, silently sprinkled under flying Sun. Desert. There is everything here: from giant cargo aircraft to clumsy bombers, military transport "Hercules" and jet fighters-interceptor F-14 "Tomcat" known to the audience on the Hollywood militant "The best arrows".

This is the base air force USA "Davis-Montan", where the 309th group of repair and maintenance of aerospace equipment is housed. Here, in the territory of 10.5 square kilometers, survive your age about 4,400 aircraft. Some of them look like just a few hours ago returned from the flight, some are covered with covers that protect them from sand and dust, and some are disassembled on parts that are waiting in the hangars of their o'clock to go to other airbases in the United States or abroad and Help the acting aircraft to rise again into the sky. Employees of the airbase in a joke call it the "dump of bones" - quite in the spirit of the folklore traditions of the Wild West, prevailing at the dawn of the existence of Arizona.

"Davis Montan" is not the only one, but, undoubtedly, the world's largest cemetery of aircraft. Climatic conditions in Arizona - dry heat, low humidity and a small amount of precipitation - allow us to remove the aircraft from rust and destruction longer.

In addition, under the soil at a depth of 15 centimeters is a layer of clay nitrate. As explained in the 309th repair and technical group, thanks to this extremely solid "substrate", aircraft can be parked directly in the desert, without building special expensive platforms for them.

Right holder illustration Usaf Image Caption. Splitted planes as a warehouse of spare parts ...

The production and operation of aircraft costs very expensive, but they can benefit even after the end of their flight career. However, it takes a lot of space for storing their cars in dry and warm hangars. It is much cheaper to keep them in such conditions as in Tucson. That is why many of the largest landfills of written off airplanes are in the deserts in the south-west of the United States.

It would seem that it's easier to plant a plane in Davis Montane, to park him next to the rest and give someone's keys. But this is not enough. Many aircraft are also written off, but if necessary, they will have to return to operation, so their content requires great effort.

Broken bombers

Employees "Dumps of bones" act in accordance with the clear procedure. All aircraft standing in service on aircraft carriers are carefully cleaned so that the sea salt does not cause corrosion. All fuel tanks and fuel lines are completely empty and washed with light viscous oil like that is used in sewing machines so that all moving parts are well blurred.

Right holder illustration Usaf Image Caption. Top view of partially disassembled bombers in 52

Then, with airplanes with the necessary precautions, all explosive devices are removed - for example, charges that lead the catapulting mechanism. After that, all the inlet holes and the channels are stuck with an aluminum ribbon, and the plane is covered with a special easily removed paint - two layers of black, and on top of white to reflect the burning rays of the sun and not to give the aircraft overheat.

Airplanes are stored at different stages of assembly - some are maintained in a state, as close to the worker, if it is expected that they still have to fly, and some are subject to partial dismantling. Among the aircraft "Davis Montana" have and removed from weapons american bombers B-52, which can be equipped with nuclear weapons. In accordance with agreements on the reduction and restriction of strategic offensive arms between the USSR and the United States with B-52 bomber followed the wings and keep them next to the aircraft so that Soviet satellites fix their conclusion.

Some cars are allowed on parts, and extra aircraft are crushed and are completely recycled in a melting furnace located on the territory of the base.

In total, about 400,000 units of equipment and equipment for the production of various aircraft parts, including long-standing assembly lines, with which the majority of aircraft written off here have had no time for the production of various aircraft parts. Airplanes on which there are spare parts from the enormous stocks of this air base, carry service not only in the United States, but also around the world.

"While airplanes exist, there will be a cemetery for the military and civilian air fleet, so that the rest of the cars continue to fly," the author of several books about aviation, American Nick Veronico, who visited Davis-Montana, and in the Mojave desert on south - USAPADE of the United States, and on other cemeteries of aircraft in American deserts.

"I flew on airplanes, which later were in stock and became a source of spare parts for air fleet," says Veronica. "I happened to watch how the suitable details are removed from the aircraft, and then fly by plane to which these details were installed. Those the most, which with me got, were stored and installed. "

Image Caption. Soviet Mi-6 helicopter, who visited Chernobyl

In Russia, there is a cemetery of technology, where some old Soviet military aircraft are stored, which are no longer destined to climb the sky. At the former airbase "Vozdvizhenka", about 100 kilometers north of Vladivostok, previously housed Soviet supersonic bombers. After the end of the cold war, the aircraft turned out to be unclaimed and just stayed to stand, where they stood. The once-secret base is now abandoned, and the ghostly squadron attracts only photographers who climbed through rusty fences in search of spectacular frames.

Another landfill remaining from Soviet times is in the zone of alienation of the Chernobyl NPP, from where all residents have been evacuated after the accident. The technique that was used to eliminate the consequences of the catastrophe was contaminated with radiation, and several large Soviet helicopters remained rusting in the field.

In 2006, in the 20th anniversary of the accident at nuclear power plants, the Editor Photo Catering BBC News Phil Kums visited the place of disaster. "After the accident at the Chernobyl NPP, many contaminated equipment, which was used to eliminate the consequences, was placed in the burial grounds scattered along the huge zone of alienation around the reactor," he says. - Some cars are there to this day. In the largest burial ground, the remains of helicopters, fire trucks, military and civil engineering, rust. The dump occupies a huge space, but over the past years, some cars were put on parts, although the level of radiation here is different everywhere, and the hunters for souvenirs is better to stay away. "

Despite the risk of radiation damage, from many helicopters withdrawn the suitable details - skeletal remains are reduced every year in size.

Right holder illustration Getty. Image Caption. Charged liners at the airport in Mojave desert

In the US for civilian aircraft, whose period of service came to an end, the last refuge serves Mojave Airport, located in the deserted eastern part american state California. For several decades, airliners have been brought here and keep them in the sultry desert before processing on scrap metal.

"When you go through the Californian desert, the landfill of the aircraft in Mojava can be seen from afar," writes the photographer by Troy Payva, who often removed airplanes here in the 1990s and in the 2000s, until this zone was closed for security reasons. - It seems that the long rows of outflowing tails stretch to the horizon itself. "

A member of the Royal Aviation Society Keith Mainard assures that the aircraft is much easier to disassemble than another heavy transport equipment. "I can not say how much time-consuming is the process, but everything that is connected can be separated; In addition, there are much fewer heavy and hazardous materials in airplanes than in ships. " However, since during the construction of modern aircraft, less metals are used to be recycled, possibly the scale of dumps in the deserts will be able to reduce.

"The use of composite materials in the future may impede the final recycling, but there are special industry protocols, which make it possible to solve this issue. However, the warehouses can still be useful as air parking spaces during demand oscillations. In fact, in terms of the number of aircraft transferred to storage, sometimes you can judge the state of the economy, so analysts track this indicator. "

And in Davis Montana, the long ranks of the aircraft continue to sunbathe under the sun of Arizona. For most deserts, it became a kind of nursing home. And some one day can re-climb the sky.

In addition to the mass of attractions, such as the valley of death, many national parks and reserves, the dry desert of Mojave in the United States is still known for his cemetery of aircraft. It is located near Mojave Airport, 100 kilometers north-east of Los Angeles. Huge aircraft are already visible already with highway No. 395. For travelers, the city of Viktorville will serve for travelers, then the small old town of Mojave and the bog of state highway No. 58 and №14 in Southern California.

Why is this cemetery in the Mojave desert? The answer to the question is quite logical - the deserted desert territory is the perfect storage outdoors. Here is a record low amount of precipitation and most of the year heat - This is the planes and their remains from rust. At the cemetery of aircraft huge, once flying aircraft disassembled parts. Despite the fact that the gliders are fenced with barbed wire and regularly patrol, you can still approach the fence and consider these giants.

In huge territory you can see various models Commercial aircraft, because at Mojava Airport began to stare gliders on the cosmodrome since 1970. In the times of economic crises and falling demand for airfares, old airplanes unfastened here were overlooking. Also in Mojava are fresh, except for passenger, and the remnants of military aircraft. This place is the world's largest cemetery of technology.

Here you can find various models of Boeing, Airbus, Lockheed and McDonnell Douglas. Airplanes stored and buried in the Mojave desert in the United States belong to more than a hundred airlines, and many of them have long been what has ceased to exist.

The greatest number of aircraft (more than a thousand) was achieved in 2002, as the most part (about 360 units) of airliners put in the parking lot after the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001, who fell into the United States. The airline then could not afford to keep so many flights in the air, the hangars were filled in American airports, and had to allocate the area for parking aircraft. In many ways, the Mojave desert parameters came up.

Some aircraft, quite suitable for further operation then set for parking. They were forced to go to Anabiosis. So that until the end of the sand and the wind, the desert did not destroy the mechanisms, their windows and the engines were closed with plastic. Maybe someday such aircraft will still fly, especially since many of them are put up for sale.

But in the far side of the runway of the Mojave airport in the United States, the burial ground is located - this is the place where old planes go to death. Most of the jet liners have already passed their service life and cannot be more used. On average, the service life of commercial aircraft is about 25 years, although now their "life" is not measured in years, but in the number of flights. After thousands of takeoffs and landings, aircraft can no longer withstand high-flight pressure without replacing the main parts. These worn airplanes parked on deserted parking are now disassembled, and spare parts are used to repair aircraft such models. When and spare parts and aircraft are no longer suitable for reuse, they are dismantled and sent for processing - crushed and interpret raw aluminum bars.

At any time, hitting the aircraft cemetery can be seen with a dozen aircraft in various states of disassembly. Some gliders are almost disassembled, and especially expensive spare parts are removed, others are simply broken. Around scattered pieces of fuselage, tails and wings of airplanes, wheels, passenger seats ... Real grain monument of obsolete technologies!

Mojave Airport in the United States is in relative proximity to Hollywood, so several aircraft are always in the reserve for use in the work of films. Dozens of famous films and frames were removed in the Mojave Desert! Including the "speed" with Kian Reeves, "strong nut 2" with Bruce Willis and "Independence Day" with Will Smith in the lead role. If the film has a scene with an explosion of an airplane, then a huge chance that these frames were filmed in Mojave.

To get to himself and look at the plane cemetery almost impossible. This is not an amusement park! The object is classified, and the visit here is extremely limited. In addition to barbed wire, patrolling the protection and opportunity of arrest with a fine of about 20 thousand dollars, you can be skiing (and maybe eaten) watchdogs! But the coup (especially omnipresent photographers) are in the United States. Under the cover of the night, they are launched in search of adventures on the cemetery of aircraft. Although in the afternoon, smiling through the fence to the guards and politely asking, you can go for a few minutes and make a wonderful unique frame for yourself.

No one planned to arrange almost to the center of Moscow Cemetery of aircraft.
Intentions were the most good - in 1989 decided to create Museum of aviation and cosmonautics. In 1991, the first aircraft appeared here. But, probably, in the 90s everything was not up to museums and the planes very quickly stole, remembered and covered with ugly graffiti. And the fact that it remained turned into "toilets" and at night.

2. A very long fate of the aircraft could not solve as they were in the department of the Ministry of Defense. Even after everyone became obvious that no museum on Hazhank would never appear, it was easier to close on the problem of his eyes than to find a solution.

3. On this weekend from the guard "Museum" I learned that this month all the planes will be removed from the hiking. Fortunately, not a landfill and not scrap.

4. Exhibits will be stored in the Private Museum of Technique Vadim Zadorozhnaya. Although the restored aircraft will not be able to see it soon, they speak to the restoration can leave for several years.

5. I advise you to use the latter opportunity to visit the Khodynsky field. Makes thinking in particular about our homeland.

6. Looking at what left from the aircraft it was difficult for me to believe that at one time they all arrived on the last parking lot.

7. Most likely everything that represented at least some value was already cleared, but nevertheless I saw a couple of young guys with a screwdriver who tried to open locked cabins of the aircraft.

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10. MiG-21. The rest of the models do not know if anyone knows, then write off.

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13. Su-15? Among the exhibits there are SU-15, which in 1983 knocked down the South Korean "Boeing" with passengers.

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15. IL-14 burned down in 2009 because of the homeless, who unsuccessfully spread a fire in it.

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17. I asked the guys that they remove. They said that a photo session for some magazine and that they still do not know what happens, but must something awesome.

18. "Max"

19. Planes rotted the fence. On the wings, the photographer removes guys in high heels, next to someone suits the test drive with his new Porsche 911. The Khodyan field is a peculiar illustration of our country.

The largest aircraft cemetery on the planet is located in the city of Arizona in the territory of Tucson in the United States. His official name - "309 Aerospace maintenance and repair team." The object area is about 10 km 2. There are more than four thousand aircraft and about forty cosmic canned at one time or another. Engines, ammunition, wiring, electronics and other equipment, which is removed from them. The total cost of all the techniques here is estimated in an amount exceeding $ 35 billion.

Storage conditions of aircraft

The cemetery of aircraft in Arizona is part of the Aviation base of Davis-Montain, built almost immediately after the completion of World War II. It should be noted that the terrain is largely significant in connection with this, the climate here is very dry, which allows to save the hull of aircraft from corrosion even in storage conditions under open sky. About eighty percent of them are already cut on scrap metal. The remaining aircraft are plagged with polyethylene and can be used at any time in the event of such a need.

Value for the American economy

Arizona aircraft cemetery also performs the functions of a real processing plant. In particular, throughout recent years Base specialists reconstructed about nineteen thousand elements and spare parts that can be applied in the future or sold. The total cost is over 568 million US dollars. According to the US government policy, other countries may acquire not only components, but also entire airliners. According to economic estimates, each dollar embedded in this plane cemetery, over time, allows you to return to the state treasury at eleven times more. The fact is that after the repair spent by local specialists, many of them are again used. In particular, based on official statistics, over the past 25 years, about twenty percent of the liners sent here returned. This cemetery of aircraft is also known to the fact that it was here that some scenes from the fantastic film "Transformers were held here. Revenge of the fallen. "

Russian cemetery of aircraft

This place exists in our country. On the Khodynsky field, which is not far from Moscow, helicopters and aircraft, which have not taken off since 2003, are stored on its territory. Currently, access is closed here. It was originally planned to open the equipment on this place, but later the project was frozen and in such a state and in our time. Now the cemetery of aircraft on the Khodynsky field is a huge territory, which is charged with barbed wire and is protected. Despite this, some still manage to agree with the guards for a certain fee and make unique photos on the background of dilapidated aircraft. Despite the fact that most of them are deprived of paints and glasses, they look all the same in fascinating.