- "Riviera Odyssey" with famous resorts Terracina, Sperlonga and others. Wonderful bays, interrupted by small towns and mountains, decorate the coast. This is the Tyrrhenian Sea - crystal clear, blue, calm. This is part mediterranean sea, which washes the western coast of Italy.

Here are the provinces of Tuscany, Campania, Lazio and Calabria. Many call this sea one of the most beautiful in the world, the coast of which is decorated with amazing natural parks.

The name of the sea comes from the word that was used to call the inhabitants of Lydia. The ancient Romans called this sea “Lower”, in contrast to “Upper” (Adriatic). The Tyrrhenian Sea is located between Corsica, Sardinia, Sicily and

In the central part its depth reaches 3719 meters. It communicates with other parts of the Mediterranean Sea by straits: in the north - the Corsican, in the south - the Sardinian, in the west - Bonifacio, in the southwest - the Sicilian, in the southeast - the Messina.

The main ports of this sea are the Italian Palermo, Cagliari, Naples, as well as the French Bastia. The most famous area on the coast is Liguria, which is the most popular tourist center, which attracts travelers to the Tyrrhenian Sea.

Here the sea harmoniously combines with the mountains descending to it, amazing beautiful beaches. This beautiful place for recreation, scuba diving, yachting, boating. This is actually one of the best places in the world for yachting. Here you can find rental yachts of any class and size almost everywhere.

From Moscow to Rome it is about three hours by air. All coastal resorts can be reached using the transfer service. The Tyrrhenian coast includes hundreds of kilometers of beaches, picturesque nature, clear sea, small cozy towns, each of which is unique in its own way, has interesting story, culture and traditions. The main seaside resorts are Anzio, Sabaudia, Formia, San Felice Circeo, Sperlonga, Terracina, Gaeta, Baia Domizia.

The beaches here are mostly pebble or rocky, very well maintained, not wide, protected from the wind by hills and rocks. There are also sandy beaches, they can be found along the coast from Alassio to Santo Lorenzo.

The beach season here is quite long, lasting from May to October. average temperature on average a few degrees higher than the Tyrrhenian Sea, ideal for swimming and snorkeling.

It’s good to combine a holiday here with a visit to famous cities nearby - Rome, Naples, Pompeii. The excursion program can be quite intense, since it is convenient to get to attractions from here. It’s also worth visiting Capri for a truly multifaceted vacation. Capri has many cozy secluded coves, hidden from view by high cliffs and dense vegetation. Those who like to be alone with nature will love this place.

The Tyrrhenian Sea is home to many modern resorts and major port cities in Italy. The waters of the sea are located in a tectonic basin, which formed at the junction of Europe and Africa. Underwater animal world The local waters are characterized by an abundance of marine life, which served as the basis for the first human settlements. The favorable climate and picturesque seascapes attract tourists. ( 18 photos)

The Tyrrhenian Sea is one of the parts of the famous Mediterranean Sea. It is of tectonic origin and is located in areas of the basin, hence the great depth of the sea. Greatest depth Tyrrhenian Sea is 3719 meters. A fault that occurred several million years ago runs along the bottom of the sea. Submarine folding occurs both underwater and on land. Hence the high seismic activity of coastal regions suffering from earthquakes and volcanoes.

On the surface of the sea, relief features appeared in mountainous heights and active volcanoes. One of these is the famous, currently active one, which was destroyed by a large, developing one several thousand years ago. The Tyrrhenian Sea washes mainly the shores of Italy. It was the rich waters of the sea that served as the foundation for the first people in this area several thousand years ago. Archaeological excavations have shown that ancient people lived in these areas during the Stone Age, from where unique cave drawings in local caves.

In ancient times, seafood products were the main sources of food for the development of the population. The ancient inhabitants founded their settlements thanks to the abundance of marine life in these areas. You can still find small fishing villages along the Italian coast, whose economy is completely dependent on fishing. An example of this is the famous one, although today everything bigger city tourists visit, locals continue to engage fishing and agriculture.

The Tyrrhenian Sea is connected to several straits, the width of which reaches 90 km. This fact contributed to the development of shipping in the region and, as a consequence, to the formation of several large port cities in Italy. This number includes the famous one in Italy, where one of the largest ports in the country is located, through which up to half of the country’s trade turnover is carried out.

The Tyrrhenian Sea has been known since ancient times, it is believed that modern name the sea received thanks to the settlements of the Greeks who lived in these parts. It is believed that the resettled Greek tribes called themselves "Tirens", after the name of Prince "Tirens", who led them. But the Romans had their own point of view on this matter; they called the Tyrrhenian Sea the lower sea, and considered it the upper sea.

The Tyrrhenian Sea has a favorable climate and crystal clean waters, where the visibility depth can reach 30 meters. The air temperature in summer can rise to +36 degrees, while the water temperature is +26 degrees. The ideal period for tourists to visit is July and August, although the swimming season begins in May and ends in October.

The waters of the sea are famous for their favorable conditions for tourism and recreation. Some of the best resort regions in the world are located on the coast of the Tyrrhenian Sea, and elite beaches are famous for their natural attractions throughout the world. The sea coast is heavily indented with bays and bays, which provides a comfortable stay for people, protected from storm winds and other disasters. Along with rocky beaches, there are also sandy surfaces.

Literally the entire coast of Italy is rugged tourist cities and areas that gained their fame mainly due to the sea. Among the famous ones it is worth noting

From Moscow to Rome or Naples it is only a three-hour flight. Then a short and easy transfer, and your vacation on the Tyrrhenian coast can be considered to have begun. And the Tyrrhenian coast includes hundreds of kilometers of beaches, amazingly beautiful nature, the clearest sea, small picturesque towns, each of which has its own personality, interesting culture, history and traditions.

The beach season here lasts from May to October; the temperature, as a rule, is a couple of degrees higher than at Adriatic coast. The proximity to the coast of cities such as Rome, Naples, Pompeii allows you to combine an extensive and very rich excursion program with your holiday on the coast, and the opportunity to visit the islands of Ischia and Capri (so beloved by the honored Bolsheviks and the writer Maxim Gorky) makes the holiday even more multifaceted. The main resorts of the Tyrrhenian coast are Anzio, Sabaudia, San Felice Circeo, Terracina, Sperlonga, Gaeta, Formia, Baia Domizia. Each of them is good in its own way; a holiday in any of them will bring a lot of pleasure.

The main resorts of the Tyrrien Sea on the Lazio Riviera

Sabaudia - unique city, appeared on the map of Italy at the request of its then leader, Mussolini in 1933. It took only 253 days to build this resort. In the city center, on Commune Square, there is a 45-meter tower that was erected in just 18 days. Young architects, the authors of the project, embodied their wildest fantasies when creating Sabaudia and implemented many avant-garde solutions. This resort still amazes with its rationality and reasonable beauty, which arose, literally, unexpectedly and is still one of elite resorts Italy. Sabaudia is surrounded by flowers and greenery, as it is surrounded by national reserve Chicheo, which is one of the attractions of Italy.

Anzio is located just 40 km from Rome. The city is famous for the fact that at the time it was the residence of the Roman emperors and a favorite vacation spot of the Roman patricians; apparently, already in those days the wonderful climate of this place was appreciated. In addition, Anzio is known throughout the world as the birthplace of the Roman emperors Nero and Caligula. The ancient philosopher Cicero wrote: “I prefer Anzio to Rome!” The whole life of this town is closely connected with seaport, which was not only an important transport hub, but also largely determined the course of business and commercial activities in the city. Today Anzio is a small town that has lost its former commercial importance, but has not lost its quality as a wonderful resort. Wide sandy beaches, diving schools, tennis courts, well-developed infrastructure, a significant number of comfortable hotels make this city no less attractive than in the days of the Roman Emperors. The opportunity to visit nearby Rome and Naples adds to the attractiveness of this city in the eyes of tourists.

Terracina offers golden sandy beaches, azure seas, bright blue skies and magnificent scenery so characteristic of the Tyrrhenian coast. This city is replete with unique monuments antiquity: the famous Appian Way, the Temple of Jupiter, built by the mysterious Etruscans in the 4th century BC. e., Cathedral. These priceless monuments of bygone eras are of interest to all civilized humanity.

Sperlonga is one of the seven most beautiful places Italy. This is - literally - White City with picturesque winding streets, medieval towers, a large number of observation platforms, very beautiful coastline. Thanks to the many caves and grottoes located in the vicinity of the city, Sperlonga received its name. And it owes its architectural appearance to numerous pirate attacks. Caves and grottoes attract tourists, and attract even more tourists picturesque beaches in the vicinity of Sperlonga.

Sperlonga

Speaking about the Tyrrhenian coast, one cannot fail to mention widely famous island Capri, Paradise Island. Its climate is comfortable, its landscapes are picturesque, its villas are charming. But the most remarkable thing is the sea around the island. It's transparent. Well, that is, completely transparent. For 8-10 kilometers. The Roman emperors Tiberius and Augustus once spent time here. Much later, in different years V. Lenin, M. Gorky, N. Aseev, A. Chaliapin, I. Bunin lived here. Anyone who has visited the island of Capri will agree that outstanding Russians understood a lot about relaxation. However, they are not alone: ​​Arab sheikhs and Hollywood directors enjoy their holidays in Capri...

Popular hotels in Tyrrien Coast

The main resorts of the Tyrrien Sea in Calabria

Praia a Mare: From here begins the famous Riviera dei Cedri (“Citron Coast”) - the only place in Europe where rare relatives of oranges and lemons grow - citrons.

Scalea is located 109 km from Cosenza on the top of a cliff, almost vertical. Lower Scalea is a modern seaside resort with a well-developed tourist structure and a huge number of hotels.

There are quite a few in Chirella historical monuments that are worth visiting. Not far from the shore there is small island, decorated with the ruins of an ancient watchtower.

Diamante, a former fishing village located in the very center of the Riviera dei Cedri, is one of the most “painted” cities in the world: the walls of the houses here are decorated with more than 150 works of famous artists, making the city a real open-air museum.

Belvedere Marittimo: with observation platforms The Old Belvedere offers an impressive panorama of the coast of the Tyrrhenian Sea and the surrounding mountains. Tourists keen on ancient monuments will certainly be interested in the local castle, the icons of the Church of Santa Maria del Popolo and the 17th-century wooden crucifix kept in the Church of Santo Crocifisso.

Modern Cetraro grew up on the site of ancient Citririum, a city that received its name because of the citron plantations that surrounded it. The churches of Ritiro (Chiesa del Ritiro), San Francesco and San Benedetto (a copy of the basilica in Montecassino) will attract the attention of history buffs here.

Not far from the entrance to the town of Guardia Piemontese are the ruins of an old castle, the “Bloody Gate” (Porta del Sangue) and the Church of St. Andrew the Apostle (Chiesa di Sant’Andrea Apostolo). After driving a few kilometers inland, you can reach Terme Luigiane, the most famous thermal resort in Calabria.

Fuscaldo consists of two parts: the old Fuscaldo adorns the top of one of the hills, and the young one - Marina di Fuscaldo - stretches along seashore, delighting vacationers with spacious beaches and a well-maintained city promenade.

Gioia Tauro is a three-kilometer sandy beach interspersed with small pebbles. There are several bars, restaurants and showers on its territory. This beach is not covered by rocks, so a refreshing sea breeze constantly blows on it. It is not too crowded and not the most family friendly.

Palmi beach, like Gioia Tauro, is sand and pebble, but unlike the latter, it is literally crowded with people in the summer months. Palmi is surrounded by rocks and mountains approaching the coast, blocking access to the wind, so during the hot season it can be too hot here.

Tropea is a beautiful sandy beach with fine and soft sand.

Capo Vaticano is a 500-meter long beach covered with soft, clean sand. Also, like Tropea, very crowded, without enough parking spaces. Couples and single vacationers come here in search of new acquaintances.

Scylla is a classic sandy beach surrounded by rocks. Refreshing winds are extremely rare here and you can only escape the heat in the sea or a few local bars.

Reggio Calabria is a new artificial beach, the sand for which was brought from Gioia Tauro.

Near the fishing village of Soverato there are kilometers of snow-white sandy beaches. There are both “civilized” areas with bars, restaurants, sun loungers and showers, and secluded areas. A picturesque promenade stretches along the beach.

Why is the Tyrrhenian Sea so named? ? It is worth mentioning that learned historians consider the title “ Tyrrhenian Sea" comes from the word that the ancient Greeks used to call people from the country of Lydia, which was then located in Malaya. This ancient people immigrated to the Apennine Peninsula - to the area where the Italian province of Tuscany is currently located.
The respected ancient Greek historian Herodotus argued that after a series of several lean years and, as a consequence, famine in his country, the Lydian prince Tyrrhenus led part of his people westward in search of new homeland and a better life.
Therefore, the Lydian people landed on the western coast of the Apennine Peninsula. Having settled on the new lands of the Apennine Peninsula, the Lydians began to be called Tyrrhenians in honor of their leader, the legendary prince Tyrrhenian. On behalf of this people, “Tirrenians” began to call this part of the Mediterranean Sea Tyrrhenian Sea, on the coast of which they lived for many centuries.
Tyrrhenian Sea Rome . It is interesting that the ancient Liane Tyrrhenian Sea It was also called the Lower Sea, in contrast to the Upper Sea, which today is called, the resorts of which are very popular among tourists and travelers.
Tyrrhenian Sea Italy . Quite warm, picturesque, located in the southern part of Europe Tyrrhenian Sea is a part . Tyrrhenian Sea washes the coast of the western part of the country. Tyrrhenian Sea located between the Apennine Peninsula and the islands of Sardinia and Corsica.
Tyrrhenian sea islands . In the southeastern part of the strategically important relatively warm Tyrrhenian Sea located belonging to Italy, quite secluded or as they are also called the Aeolian Islands, which are unique in many natural aspects.
Tyrrhenian Sea depth . It is worth noting that the beautiful Tyrrhenian Sea geologically it is a tectonic basin. Depth Tyrrhenian Sea in the central part it reaches 3719 m. Along the bottom Tyrrhenian Sea there is a seismic fault between and. As a result, a chain of underwater mountain peaks, and also volcanoes that are still active today appeared: Vesuvius, and others.
Where is the Tyrrhenian Sea ? As hydrologists have found out, the Tyrrhenian Sea is connected to other straits:
in the north – the Corsican Strait, which is located between and the island of Corsica, the width of this strait is about 80 km;
in the south it is connected by the Sardinian Strait, which is located between the island of Sardinia and the country of Tunisia, the width of the Sardinian Strait reaches approximately 200 km;
in the west – the Bonifacio Strait, located between the islands of Corsica and Sardinia, the width of the Bonifacio Strait is 11 km;
in the southwest - the Strait of Sicily, located between and the state of Tunisia, the width of the Strait of Sicily is about 160 km;
in the southeast is the smallest Strait of Messina, the width of which is only 3 km.
Tyrrhenian Sea city . Main ports Tyrrhenian Sea are the following cities: - the capital of the region, Palermo, Cagliari, belonging to the country Italy, as well as seaport Bastia, located on the island of Corsica and belonging to the country of France.

Tyrrhenian Sea photo

Coast of the Tyrrhenian Sea sandy beaches

Italy. Tyrrhenian Sea

Tyrrhenian Sea Calabria

From the point of view of historical geology, the Tyrrhenian Sea is a deep tectonic basin, in the central part dropping to 3719 m. It is here that a seismic fault between Europe and Africa passes through the entire sea, along which a chain of underwater mountain peaks and surface active volcanoes stretches.
When settling here, the first settlers took into account the proximity of volcanoes and the possibility of earthquakes, but the beautiful weather, fertile soils and climate favorable for agriculture turned out to be stronger than the fear of an eruption.
The Etruscans belonged to the so-called “peoples of the sea” - a group of Mediterranean peoples who in the 13th century. BC e. began to leave their usual habitats, in particular due to the negative consequences of the Trojan War for Mediterranean civilizations.
The Tyrrhenian Sea received its name precisely from the Etruscans, who in ancient times were called Tyrsenians or Tyrrhenians (from the Trojans).
The Etruscans were brave sailors and after them, between the Arno and Tiber rivers, there remained many traces of a highly developed civilization that preceded the ancient Roman one and had a huge influence on it. The Etruscans were inventive architects, they built cities, laid roads and came up with arched vaults. They introduced gladiator fights, chariot races and burial rites into the custom; they knew anatomy very well and even knew how to make dentures. From them the Romans adopted the most popular clothing model - the toga. But under the pressure of the Romans, the Etruscans were completely assimilated and lost their language and identity, dissolving among the conquerors.
The arriving Romans gave the Tyrrhenian Sea its name: Mare Inferum, or Lower Sea: as opposed to Mare Superum, or Upper Sea (). But these names disappeared along with the Romans themselves after the collapse of their empire.
It is from the history of the ancient Roman Empire that we know about the most destructive natural disaster of ancient times, when the eruption of Mount Vesuvius destroyed three Roman cities at once: Stabiae, Herculaneum. August 24, 79 e. The eruption of Vesuvius began and continued for a whole day. Of the 20 thousand inhabitants of Pompeii, approx. died. 2 thousand. In 1592, the ruins of Pompeii were first discovered, and since then excavations have been ongoing. In the cities buried under the ash, everything remained the same as before the eruption: streets, houses. The eruption was so strong that the ash reached Egypt and Syria.
Currently, Vesuvius is one of three active volcanoes in Italy and the only active volcano continental Europe. His behavior is considered unpredictable. Tourists are served by residents of Torre Annunziata, a city that arose on the site of an ancient settlement destroyed by the eruption. In 1970, the Villa of Poppea Sabina was discovered here, an object World Heritage UNESCO.
Two other volcanoes are located on the islands of the Tyrrhenian Sea: Etna - on the island. Sicily, Stromboli - on the island of the same name as part of the Aeolian Islands archipelago.
But perhaps the most interesting from the point of view of mythology is the fourth volcano of the Tyrrhenian Sea, located on the island of Vulcano. Even the “sea people” of the Etruscans believed in the divine purpose of this place, and the ancient Romans had no doubt that it was here, in the south of the Tyrrhenian Sea, that the forge of Vulcan, the god of fire, was located.
The water of the Tyrrhenian Sea is distinguished by its greatest transparency, which is another of the many tourist advantages of this region of the Mediterranean, in addition to the exquisite landscapes, deep bays and the relaxed lifestyle of the local residents.
However, life here has not always been so quiet. On about. Corsica, in Ajaccio, during the time of the Genoese Republic, Napoleone Buonaparte was born - the second of thirteen children in a poor but aristocratic family. It was he who became Emperor of France and King of Italy Napoleon I Bonaparte. In Corsica they are proud of their great countryman. There is a house-museum where the first Emperor of France was born, the church where he was baptized, and a memorial complex in his honor.
Another island in the Tyrrhenian Sea, located very close to Corsica, is also associated with the name of Napoleon. Elba is the most big Island Tuscan archipelago and the third largest island in Italy after Sicily and Sardinia. In 1814, Napoleon was exiled to Elba, where he immediately declared himself emperor of the island. After staying here for about ten months, Napoleon returned to France, was defeated at Waterloo, and was exiled to St. Helena in the South Atlantic, where he died.
Thanks to its beautiful landscapes, many writers have chosen the Tyrrhenian Sea as the setting for their novels. The most famous of these works is the adventure novel “The Count of Monte Cristo” by Alexandre Dumas. Dumas came up with the name of the hero while traveling along the Tyrrhenian Sea. The writer saw the island of Montecristo, and later heard the legend about its treasures. The island of Montecristo is part of the Tuscan archipelago, its area is 12 km 2, and the Phoenicians knew about it. The island had a bad reputation: it was a haven for pirates and smugglers. Today it is a nature reserve, and only the caretaker's family lives here.
In the Tyrrhenian Sea there is an island that locals call “the island of writers.” On the island of Capri, located in the southern part of the Bay of Naples, Leonid Andreev, Ivan Bunin, Maxim Gorky, Graham Greene, Heinrich Mann, Alberto Moravia, Ivan Turgenev, Oscar Wilde and many other great writers lived and worked at different times. And almost every one of them left enthusiastic descriptions of the beauties of the Tyrrhenian Sea and Capri itself, visiting the most popular attractions of the island, in particular the Blue Grotto. Also known as Grotta Azzurra, or the Azure Grotto, it is a natural cave on the northern shore of the island, about 60 meters long. m, with a single entrance from the sea by boat. Light enters the grotto from above and gives the water a light blue tint. When ancient Roman statues were discovered in the grotto, it became clear that they had known about it since ancient times and revered the beauty of this place.
Today, the Tyrrhenian Sea is not only a tourist destination, but also an area of ​​intense shipping: passenger shipping lines connect the islands with the mainland. Fishing is also developed: sardines and tuna are caught here. The size of fish stocks is steadily declining, and coastal states have introduced strict controls over the size of the catch.

general information

Part of the Mediterranean Sea between the Apennine Peninsula and west coast Italy (regions, and), the islands of Sicily, Sardinia and Corsica.
Largest islands: Sicily, Sardinia, Corsica, Elba, Lipari, Ischia.
Largest cities and ports: Italy - Naples (963,357 people, 2009), Palermo (657,161 people, 2010), Cagliari (161,465 people, 2004); France - Bastia (42,900 people, 2005). Straits: Corsican, Bonifacio, Sardinian, Sicilian, Messinian.
Languages: Italian, French, Sardinian, Corsican.
Religion: Catholicism.
Currency unit: Euro.

Numbers

Area: 214 thousand km 2.
Maximum depth: 3719 m.
Average depth: 1519 m.
Average salinity: 37.2596‰ on the surface, 38.25‰ on the bottom.

Economy

Industry: mechanical engineering (shipbuilding, ship repair), petrochemical, oil refining, food (fish and seafood processing). Fishing.
Agriculture: fish farming.
Service sector: tourism, transport, trade.

Climate and weather

Mediterranean.
Water temperature:+13ºС in winter, +25ºС in summer.
Average monthly air temperature: in summer +20 - +25ºС. in winter +5 - +12ºС.
Average annual precipitation: 400-600 mm.
Relative humidity: 60-70%.

Attractions

■ Corsica Island: Ajaccio. Genoese fortress, Bonaparte House-Museum, Cathedral of the Assumption of the Blessed Virgin Mary (1577-1593);
■ Island of Capri: Villa Jovis and the Baths (residence of Emperor Tiberius), Villa Damecuta, Piazzetta, Cerio Palace (XIV century), Blue Grotto;
■ National parks : Tuscan archipelago Golfo di Orosei and del Gennargentu (Sardinia island), Aspromonte, Cilento and Vallo di Diano, Circeo;
■ Volcanoes: Stromboli, Vulcano, Vesuvius;
■ Naples (Italy): Castel del Ovo (XV a), Cathedral St. Januaria (XIII century) Palazzo Reale (XVII century), Piazza Gesu Nuovo, Castel Nuovo (1279-1282), ruins of Pompeii;
■ Ischia Island: Aragonese castle (first mentioned 474 BC);
■ Capraia Island: Castle of San Giorgio (XV century).

Curious facts

■ The island of Sardinia is the birthplace of Casu Marzu cheese. Translated from the Sardinian language, “casu marzu” means “rotten cheese”: it contains live insect larvae. These larvae jump to a height of 15 cm, which is why gourmets have to protect their eyes while eating. Due to health risks, the cheese is officially prohibited for sale in Italy, but in 2010, Casu Marzu was recognized as a cultural property of Sardinia and its sale here was again allowed.
■ The Stromboli volcano has erupted with varying force about four times an hour for 3 thousand years.
■ According to Greek myths, Aeolus, the son of the god of the seas Poseidon, lives on the islands of the Tyrrhenian Sea. The supreme god Zeus made him the master of the winds. Locals and today we are confident that Aeolus lives on the islands of the Tyrrhenian Sea and rules over the winds of the Mediterranean: Tramontane (northern), Mistral (northwestern), Zephyr (western), Libecchio and Sirocco (southwestern), Acute (southern), Levante ( eastern), grekale (northeastern).
■ On the island of Sardinia, in the province of Nuoro, there is the largest number of people over 100 years old in the world. An explanation for this phenomenon is found in a healthy lifestyle and Mediterranean cuisine. The traditional Sardinian greeting is “a kentannos,” which means “live to be a hundred years old.”
■ On the island of Capri there are ruins of the villas of the Roman emperors Caesar Augustus and his successor Tiberius. The beauty of the island impressed both emperors so much that they built almost a dozen villas in a relatively small area. Deciding that being in Rome was dangerous to life, Tiberius went to Capri and, according to legend, gave orders by sending light signals from a lighthouse, the top of which had collapsed from an earthquake a few days before the death of the emperor.
■ On the island of Ischia is the Aragonese Castle, built on a volcanic lava cone. It was erected by order of the tyrant Hiero I of Syracuse in 474 BC. e.
during the war with the Etruscans. In 1441, Alfonso I of Aragon destroyed the outer road and improved the bridge between the islands.