Ceylon where is on the world map. Detailed map of Sri Lanka in Russian

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There are many countries in the world who call themselves tourist. Some countries have long occupied their place on the map in tourists, and some recently broke into the top and their annually visits more than a million tourists. Sri Lanka Country where tourism has long been an integral part of the country's culture and budget. This amazing country is visited not only for the sake of the beaches, but also for the sake of attractions, temples and beautiful nature. The country is large enough, and to see it completely, you will have to travel for a long time. And here new map Sri Lanka with resorts in Russian you will help you. With the help of the card, you can find the resort you need, put the route before it and know in advance that you are waiting there.

Sri Lanka is not just a country, it is an island that is in the Indian Ocean. Most of the island washed the water of this ocean. And part of the country closer to Asia wash two bays: Bengal Bay and Manars Bay. These bays are also part of the Indian Ocean, so the water temperature along the shore of Sri Lanka is almost the same everywhere. Almost, this means that, depending on the time of year, in different territories of the island, various weather. Still, Sri Lanka is enough big IslandAnd therefore it cannot be the same temperature everywhere.

The nearest neighbor is India. Countries share these two bays. A marine message is well developed between the countries and from the shores of India and Sri Lanka daily to the other side sail hundreds of ships and tankers with cargoes.
Sri Lanka is not the biggest state. On the total area, it limits the 120 place in the world, but the entire coastline island is one solid beach. All over the shore lies white sandFor the sake of which millions of tourists arrive here. Of course not the whole coastline island is beaches. Hotels get off the shore, take it for rent and make elegant beaches with all conviniences. However, most of the shore is considered wild, but it does not prevent tourists in such wild places. In fact wild beach From the usual distinguishes only the lack of a chaise longue and umbrellas on the shore, and otherwise they are similar. Trees, palm trees, sand and beautiful view of the ocean grow everywhere.

Most of the tourists arrive at Sri Lanka for the sake beach holidays. But they can not resist the temptation to admire the nature of the island, learn the history of the country and to visit sacred placeswhere your little life and your culture. Sri Lanka are often called a flowering country. The thing is that the island is always blooming. Then the new flowers, new trees bloom. The island is beautiful at any time of the year, and nature did so that different parts of the island at different times the berry had different climates. And if the wind blows the wind and rains, then on the southern territory, Sri Lanka is sunny and you can swim. And on the contrary, if in the south will not be afraid, then in the north the sun and positive.

For tourists, we have a new card in Russian. The map shows the best and large resorts of the country. See the map, increase it, click on the marks to see the photo of the resort. This card will help you, and you can travel on Sri Lanka yourself.

Few of us, living in northern latitudes, wondered: what is the island of Sri Lanka, where is the country, how to find it on the world map, what is washed? Many are interested in the question - Sri Lanka is India or not? And which part of the world includes Sri Lanka.

Per last years Rest on this land plot in the midst of the endless ocean expanses is becoming increasingly popular. Tourists here go beyond the warm sea, sandy beaches, eternal summer, unique souvenirs, the opportunity to see whales.

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Geographical location

Geographically, Sri Lanka is located at the southern tip of the Industan Peninsula, it can be easily found on the world map in the Indian Ocean, since the state is in the south of Asia, then part of the world, to which it belongs is Asia. Sandy shores, a total length of about 1,300 km, washed by the waters of the Indian Ocean.

The island has an elongated shape from the south, from the mainland it separates the strait of the regiment, width of more than five tens of kilometers. The southern part of the island is folded by mountain terraces, passing to the center in Highlands.

Geographic coordinates of Sri Lanka - 7 ° 45'00 "s. sh., 80 ° 46'00 c. d.

Country Note

When in the 16th century, Sri Lanka colonized England, Portugal and Holland, she wore the name Ceylon. Now the island is called Sri Lanka, and about how official name Sounds in Russian, Wikipedia answers - "Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka."

The form of statehood is the Democratic Socialist Republic. Type of Management - Presidential Republic. The main nationality is the Singalis. The first states appeared in the V century to our era. Ancient inhabitants of the island traded with Chinese, Arabs, Romans.

C XVI to mid-20th century was colonial hold:

  • portuguese;
  • dutch;
  • british.

Capital

note: Officially, the main administrative center, the government's residence, is the city of Sri-Jayavdanapura-Cote, founded in the XIII century as a fortress of the cott. It is located between Diavanna Ramanna and Colonnava OA.

Actually economic cultural Center Countries are the city of Colombo, founded in the VII century alleged Arab merchants. Initially, the city developed as a trading port.

Languages

The country has two official state language - Sinhalean and Tamil. In the tourist areas, residents understand English.

Visa

For visits to residents of Russia, it is necessary to place a visa. The easiest way is to fill in advance the electronic questionnaire posted on the site of the embassy. After an arrival, pay 35 dollars, present a valid passport, filled arrival card and get a visa.

Note: The visa can also be issued directly by arrival. However, it will cost more and time will take more.

Population

More than 21.5 million people live on Ceylon. More than ¾ population is a title nation - Sinhaltsy, 1/6 - Tamils. Descendants of Arabs and Austronezians, who are resettles from, do not exceed 1/12 population of the country.

In addition, descendants of European colonialists live here: Portuguese, Dutch, British. Their amount is about 1/15 from the total number of citizens.

Religion

Take note: Four world religions are officially recognized: Buddhism, Hinduism, Islam, Christianity.

Siggalts, the main part of the population, confesses Buddhism. Tamiltsians are Hindus, Islam is traditionally preached by Arabs and Austronesians. Descendants of Europeans are Catholics.

Sea and ocean

In fact, Sri Lanka is washed by the water of the two seas entering the water area of \u200b\u200bthe Indian Ocean. Strait the regiment, separating Ceylon from the mainland, connects Mannar Bay in the West with the Bengal Bay in the East.

The northwestern shores are washed by the waters of Mannar Gulf, which is part of the Lakkadiv Sea.

The northeastern part is washed by the waters of the Bengal Bay, which in its characteristics is the sea. The bay is famous for its coastal mangrove forests rich in the unique underwater world.

The remaining coastline of the island is washed by the waters of the Indian Ocean itself. The sea coast with a lazy approach is perfectly like a beach holiday. Fans of outdoor activities should choose ocean beaches with their forever robbery waves.

Currency

The national currency of the republic is the Lankan Rupee. 1 US dollar costs about 153 Lankan rupees. 1 Russian ruble costs approximately 2.62 rupees, for the euro, about 166 rupees are asked.

Transport

Sri Lanka has a fairly developed terrestrial transport infrastructure:

  • tuk-Tuki is the main type of transport, is a cross between motorcycle and velaikas. Allowed to bargain at the price of the trip;
  • city \u200b\u200bbuses;
  • an extensive network of long-distance buses, which is the most comfortable type of transport;
  • railway communication between settlements;
  • taxi. Developed only in tourist zones and capitals.

Also renting cars and scooters. Only one should take into account that:

  • no rights, except local authorities, do not recognize;
  • only persons who have reached 21 years are allowed behind the wheel.

Difference in time

Moscow time is lagging behind Lankansky for 2.5 hours. Time is ahead of Lankansky for 4.5 hours, Novosibirsk - by 1.5 hours. Almost in one time zone with Sri Lanka is: the difference is only 30 minutes.

What will bring

Exprove Island is famous for its tea plantations, spices, pearls. The number of varieties of tea is so large that everything is almost impossible to taste them.

Not one ten centuries in jewelry markets are highly appreciated by the precious stones mined from Sri Lanka subsoil: Sapphires, Emeralds, Almanandins, Opals, Tourmalines, Topazy.

Therefore, it is worth brought from the trip:

  • ceylon tea. You can buy it on plantations, in stores, on the market. The price is highly dependent on the proximity to the tourist zones;
  • spicy: pods vanilla, pepper, cardamom, carnation, cinnamon sticks;

  • natural essential oils tropical plants: vanilla, cinnamon, cloves, sandalwood, wild lemongrass, vetiver;
  • jewelry With precious stones.

Tip: When buying it is worth paying attention to the metal: gold and silver are exported, so no one responds for the quality of metals.

Stones have a mineralogical passport, which will need to be submitted when customs passage;

  • cotton clothes. For its manufacture, an Indian cotton is used, characterized by long fibers that give the tissues softness.

Climate

The island is completely located in the zone of the wet equatorial with the transition to the subequatorial climate. On the coast climate monsoon.

High season is the winter period. The climate is slightly soft. There is practically no change of seasons. Ceylon is the kingdom of eternal summer. Even in the mountains, snow never falls. There are practically no average daily fluctuations in temperature.

Note: Pole cold - Nuvara Elia, where the average daily temperature ranges from + 11 ° to 13 ° C.

The air and ocean water temperatures are always almost the same, amount to 30 ° -32 ° C. Sea water temperature is below 1-2 ° C. Night temperatures are rarely lowered below + 25 ° C.

On the highlands climate is less hot, the temperature is rarely rising above + 25 ° C. The climatic conditions are such that the local southern winter is much warmer than our North Summer.

How to fly

Direct regular flights from international Airport Colombo is performed only in one Russian city - Moscow. The flight period: from June to August.

From other cities of Russia in Colombo are organized direct charter flights, information about which can be found at the tour operator, organizing a trip.

Residents of the Asian part of the country are convenient to fly with airport transfers:

  • Beijing;
  • Seoul;

With these cities, the year-round regular direct air communication is established. Russian airlines Have tariff agreements with Asian airlines flying to Ceylon.

For residents of the European part, it is convenient to fly by route through Dubai or Doha. In addition, from Russia to Ceylon, you can fly through, Mumbai, Delhi, Tashkent. These routes imply 2-3 transplants.

Resorts

The resort zones are almost in all corners of the country:

Negombo

In the western part of the country the most popular resort It is a fishing village Negombo, located on the shore of the same name of the lagoon. Historically, the terrain is noteworthy by the Portuguese Fort, which the Dutch was turned into prison. It is of interest to fans of history, cultural studies, ethnography.

Tip: Nembo is ideal for lovers of lazy pastime on the beach.

Colombo

The popular youth resort of Colombo is the cultural capital of the country, located on the shores of the Bay of the same name in the west of the country. Like any Eastern city, Colombo lives in contrasts: poverty borders with wealth, the lachugs of the poor are born next to fashionable buildings.

The purity of wealthy quarters is replaced by rubbing slums. Glitter and poverty, eternal holiday and eternal work, past and future - all this was intertwined on the streets of Colombo. Presents interest to lovers of outdoor activities.

Bentota

The romantic resort on the sea coast is perfect for a peace and lazy rest. This is a quiet place with a slow rhythm under the shadow of palm trees. The main type of rest is beach. Located south-west Colombo.

Kalutara

Located on the shore of the Lakkadiv Sea, where the Kalu River flows into it.

Focused on lovers of outdoor activities water species Sports.

Galle

The city is located in the southwest, notable for its architecture. This resort is suitable for a relaxed secluded rest.

Indainor

Located in the west of the country. Most recently acquired the status of the resort, so the flow of tourists is still small. Lovers of slow, measured recreation will appreciate sand beaches in the vicinity of the town.

Unawatuna

A small town in the south of Sri Lanka on the shore of the bay protected from ocean waves Coral reef. Popular among individual travel lovers.

Take note: Unawatuna is ideal for a relaxing holiday with children.


Resort on the southern tip of the island. Quiet place Divided from civilization. The unique underwater world attracts diving fans.

Kogalyla is known for their own water excursions, during which you can meet wild whales and dolphins.

Mirissa - Best Beach

In Mirissa for the sake of high wave, experienced surfing lovers go. Untouched wonderful nature, the lack of economic activity creates the feeling of paradise. The place is secluded, has a romantic holiday. The usual resort entertainment is absent.

Paradise for surfing

The open ocean coast of the southern tip of the island is popular with surf lovers. Surf waves allow you to surf all year round. Sandy beaches are good for initial surfing. Experienced surfers catch the wave among rocks and reefs.

Interesting to know: Hikkaduva is the most popular beach among surfers. Newbies can take individual lessons from professional instructors or sign up for school surfing.

Also, surf schools work in Cogalle, Unawatun, Veligama.

Shopping

Shopping amazes with their diversity and delivers the true pleasure of lovers to make purchases.

Note: As everywhere in the East, it is accepted here to bargain. Local merchants do not like those who buy without trading. For them, this is one of the types of communication, the centuries-old tradition, which is observed. In addition, trading quite really to bring down the price of several orders.

Resting on the island, you should visit numerous jewelry factories in which shopping centers operate. The range of jewelry shopping centers amazes the variety and beauty of the products presented. Local jewelers can make decorations by individual order with the stones you like.

Having journey to tea plantations, walking along the garden gardens, it is worth a visit shops. True, prices are significantly higher there than in small shops and markets.

In local markets, you can purchase exotic fruits, spices, spices, essential oils. In addition, you can buy clothes from cotton or order its individual tailoring.

This is especially true of the countries of Southeast Asia. Even if tourists are carrying any plants, seeds, they can simply confiscate at customs. To prevent this, it is recommended to refuse to buy or arrange a phytopasport. Fruits are better to carry in a packed luggage, so they are not definitely confiscated.

Tip

Leave tips - a voluntary business. Personnel of the hotel, guides, porters, drivers are recommended to leave on the tip dollar.

In cafes and restaurants, tips are already included. In other cases, the size of tip tourists determine themselves, the maximum amount can reach 10% of the check value.

Kitchen

Lankan national cuisine is predominantly vegetarian with a large number of spices and spices. The main food product - rice. Local kitchen It originates from Indian, portuguese, Dutch, the British, Arabs, the Chinese are made to her.

Therefore, modern dishes are mixing the culinary traditions of these peoples. Specialties for all occasions are considered curry, the garnish to which is served boiled rice.

The hotels for tourists are offered a familiar Europeanized menu. National dishes are fed in an adapted form. You can try real Lankan dishes in restaurants who visit local residents. For most Europeans, national dishes seem very sharp, it should be borne in mind when ordering dishes.

Flora and fauna

The fauna of this corner of the planet is one of the most diverse. There is a lot of endemic species of animals, amphibians, birds, insects, which occur only here - 16% of the total.

More than half of the species are under threat of extinction:

  • indian Deer Zambar;
  • sriskysky leopard;
  • srineansky elephant;
  • bear Gubacha.

Also, more than 200 species of birds live on the island, the quarter of which is also under threat of disappearance. More than half of representatives of amphibians can also disappear forever, and more than a hundred species live here, 90% of them are endemics.

Fraudsters on the island

It is possible to come across the scams everywhere: on the street, in restaurants, shops, in transport. Traders, drivers typically call the price repeatedly exceeding the actual one. There is only one advice: to know in advance, desperately bargain.

It is also possible to become a victim of fraudsters when exchanged currency, often tourists are taking a tempting course. Therefore, it is necessary to respect the vigilance, not leading to the seductive proposal, while maintaining the criticalness of perception. As the proverb says: free cheese is only in a mousetrap.

sights

Sri Lanka is a country with a thousand-year history and unique nature.

Traveling around the island, you can see architectural monuments, which are cultural heritage under the protection of UNESCO:

  • the ancient cities of Anuradhapura and Polonnaruva, built three thousand years ago by Indians;
  • ancient man-made lakes;
  • palace complex of Sigiria, located on the mountain terraces;
  • national Parks Horton Place, Yala;
  • royal Botanical Garden;
  • legacy of the colonization period;
  • numerous ancient temples.

In fact, all Ceylon is one big landmark. Near the era of ancient India and colonization, modern buildings And the ancient palaces, botanical gardens and millennial plantations.

tour cost

The cost of a weekly batch tour for two with departure from Moscow, St. Petersburg, Novosibirsk begins from 60 thousand rubles.

SRI LANKA

(Sri Lanka Republic)

General

Geographical position. Sri Lanka- island state In the Indian Ocean, not far from the southern coast of India, from which he is separated by the Manars Bay and the Polki Strait.

Area. The territory of Sri Lanka takes 65,610 square meters. km.

Main cities, administrative division. Capitals - Sri-Jayavdanpura (administrative), Colombo. The largest cities: Colombo (616 thousand people), Dechiva-la-Mount-Laviglia (196 thousand people), Jafna (129 thousand people), Sri-Jayavdanapur (109 thousand people). Administrative and territorial division of the country: 25 districts.

Political system

Sri Lanka Republic. Head State President, Head of Government-Prime Minister. Legislative authority parliament.

Relief. In the central part of Sri Lanka there is a mountain range. There is the highest point of the country - Mountain ispured (2,524 m). Nearby are two plains with a relatively cool climate.

The famous Ceylon tea is grown in the valleys.

Geological structure and minerals. The country's subsoil contains the reserves of diamonds, other gems, phosphates, granite, marble.

Climate. The climate of the country is mainly hot and humid, but the mountainous areas are cool. The average annual temperature in the valleys is about + 32 ° C, in mountainous areas - About +21 ° C.

Inland waters. Country rivers are short and fast. The longest river - Maha Haveli-Ganga flows into Indian Ocean Next to the city of Trincomali, Kelany, Kalu and Aruvi Aru are distinguished among other rivers.

Soil and vegetation. Thick jungle occupy extensive areas in the southwest of the country. The slopes of the mountains are also covered with forests. In coastal areas, various palm trees grow, mangrove trees. In the so-called wet zone of the country a lot of mahogany and several types of rubber and fruit trees. In the dry zone, a black tree and satin tree are more common. Almost all over the country, orchids, hyacinths, acacias, eucalyptus trees, cypressions are growing in large numbers.

Animal world. Among the representatives of the fauna, hepard, leopard, several types of monkeys, elephant, are distinguished a large number of Different types of birds and insects.

Population and language

The population of the country is about 18.933 million people, the average population density is about 289 people per 1 square meter. km. Ethnic groups: Singles (Singhals) - 74%, Tamils \u200b\u200b(Indian and Lankan) - 18%, Maurra (Arabs) - 7%, Burgers (Dutch), Malays, Vedes. Languages: Singalsky, Tamil (both state), English, Dravidian.

Religion

Buddhists - 69%, Hindus - 15%, Christians - 8%, Muslims - 8%.

Brief historical essay

According to the Hindu legend, most of Sri Lanka were in antiquity conquered Ramacandra, who was the seventh reincarnation of God Vishnu. The written history of the country is in the Chronicle "Mahavams". She was started in the VI century. And he was conducted by Buddhist monks until 1815. According to Chronicle, the island in 504 BC. e. A widget was conquered by the Indian Prince, whose descendants were ruled by Sri Lanka, called Singhala at that time, for several centuries. From the end of the III century. n. e. Until the middle of the XII century. In the Singal, Tamil kings and other invaders from the south of India were dominated.

At the beginning of the XV century. The island occupied Chinese troops, and Sigan was divided into several small states. In 1517, the Portuguese, who established friendly relations with one of the local rulers, built a fort in Colombo. Their influence grew, and by the end of the XVI century. Portuguese controlled quite large territory of the island. In 1638-1639. The Dutch was captured by the entire island by force and he was under their influence until 1796, when the island actually moved under the control of Great Britain.

In 1798, the whole territory of the island, with the exception of the Kingdom of Candy, became the royal British colony. Britain was also occupied by the Kingdom of Kanda, and in 1815 he joined him to the royal colony. On February 4, 1948, the colony became an independent member of the Commonwealth of Nations. At that time, the country was called Ceylon. On May 22, 1972, the country was named Sri Lanka. Since 1983, in the state goes civil War With Tamils \u200b\u200brequiring autonomy up to separation. At the end of 1995, government troops conducted a successful operation against Tamilovil, seizing the province of Japhne under the control of the rebels. However, the war did not cease.

Short economic essay

Sri Lanka is an agricultural country with a developed plantation. The economy retains dependence on foreign, mainly English, capital and foreign market. The role of the public sector increases. The basis of the economy is the production of tea export (one of the first places in the world), rubber and coconut trees. Food culture-rice. Cattle is used mainly as heavy strength. Fishing. Mining graphite, precious stones, salt. Industry: processing of agricultural raw materials, light, food. Export: tea, rubber, coconut palm products.

Lankan Rupee Monetary Unit.

Short essay of culture

Art and architecture. Candy. The rock with the footsteps of the Buddha; Temple of the tooth, where the Buddha tooth is stored. Anuradhapura. The "Bo" tree, which grew up from the tree branch, under which the Buddha rested when the blessing was reduced. Colombo, Kandy, Ratnapura, Anuradhapura, Galle, Trinomale. Museums with collections of historical exhibits.

Sri Lanka is an island state in South Asia, located on the island of the same name (another name - Ceylon), 50 km south-east of the coast of the Industan Peninsula.

In ancient times, Adamov Bridge, who connected the island with India, was existed, but he was destroyed in the 15th century because of the earthquake and storm. On a detailed map of Sri Lanka, you can still find the outlines of this bridge.

Sri Lanka is a world exporter of tea and fabrics, as well as the most popular tourist destination in Asia.

Sri Lanka on the world map: geography, nature and climate

Sri Lanka on the world map is located in South Asia, on the island of Ceylon, and washed by the waters of the Indian Ocean in the West and its Banga Bay in the East. Sri Lanka from the Industan Peninsula from the North-West separate the Manars Bay and the Polki Strait.

In the meridion direction, the island is stretched by 445 km, and in a latitudent - by 225 km. The total length of the coastline is 1340 km.

Relief

The main part of the country is occupied by coastal lowlands with heights of up to 30 meters above sea level. In the center of the island there is central highlands to which it belongs highest point Sri Lanka - mountain Pidurutazala (2524 m). On the Sri Lanka map in Russian in the northern part of the country there are plains with a height of 30 to 200 meters.

Hydrography

A river network of Ceylon is thick, 103 rivers flow through its territory, most of which begins in the central mountainous part and flows to coastal areas, flowing into the Indian Ocean. Long river - Mahaveli (335 km).

Island lakes do not differ in large sizes and depth. The largest of them: Cala Wueva, ParakramaSemra, Minoria.

Flora and fauna

Forests occupy 50% of the territory of the island. In the southwestern part of Sri Lanka, wet equatorial forests grow, and in northern and eastern - deciduous. On the coast there are mangrove trees and coconut palms.

The animals and the vegetation world of Ceylon is diverse.

There are 450 species of birds (24 of them - endemics), 86 species of mammals, 50 species of fish, 38 species of amphibious and 75 species of reptiles. The most common animals are wild boars, buffaloes, bears, foxes, monkeys, elephants. Currently, the population of elephants on the island has decreased to 6 thousand individuals instead of the previous 30 thousand.

Of the 3 thousand types of vegetation, about a third grows only on Ceylon, the most common plants - fern and orchids.

On the territory of Sri Lanka there are 12 national parks, 3 reserves and many environmental zones that occupy 14% of the country's area. Bigger national Park Sygarage is located in the south of the island and includes the only array of tropical forests in the country. Elephants, leopards, pythons and other animals live here.

Minerals

On the island there are large reserves of non-metallic minerals - graphite, apatite, phosphates, quartz sand, limestone. There are about a hundred species of precious stones in Sri Lanka, among them sapphires, rubies, topazy and others.

Climate

The climate of Sri Lanka is Equatorial, warm and wet, under the influence of monsoon rareling. The average annual temperature on Ceylon is +27 ° C, and the amplitudes of temperatures between the warmers and cold months do not exceed 5 ° C.

Seasons of the year here are expressed not by temperature indicators, but by the amount of precipitate. In the south-west island, the dry season lasts from November to April, and in the northeast - from March to November. The average annual air humidity is 70%, and the average annual precipitation ranges from 1000 to 2000 mm (in mountainous areas up to 5000 mm).

Sri Lanka map with cities. Administrative division of the country

The territory of the country is divided into 9 provinces:

  • Central
  • East
  • Northeast
  • North
  • Northwestern
  • Sabaragamuva,
  • South,
  • Western.

The largest cities of Sri Lanka

  • Colombo - Capital I. the largest city Countries located on west coast Islands. The city is the center of the chemical, oil refining, textile, leather-shoe industry, and its port is one of the largest in Asia (4th place). One of the main attractions of Colombo - Jami-Ul-Alfar Mosque, built in 1909 in South Indian style. 753 thousand people live in the city.
  • Dechivala Mount Lavinia - The city-suburb of Colombo, on the Sri Lanka map with cities in Russian located south of him. This is predominantly resort townwhere there is a popular eponymous beach and a national zoo - one of the best in Asia. The population of Dechivala-Mount Lavinia - 220 thousand people.
  • Moratouw - Another city in the suburb of Colombo, a major center for the processing of fish and the production of furniture. The population of the city is 180 thousand people.

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