Sights of Berlin
For those who are going here for the first time, as well as for those who have already been here once or are planning another trip - we have collected a hundred attractions of Berlin in one place and specially designed walking routes.
To save time on trip planning, we, Ever.Travel, have created a mobile application "Travel Planner and Travel Guide" for iPhone and Android.
For those who don’t have a lot of time to plan, the application will help you see the most interesting things by offering ready-made routes.
Those who like to plan everything on their own will be able to choose from hundreds of attractions the most interesting places, arrange them into an itinerary, and then use them as a personal guide to Berlin.
Read detailed instructions how to plan a trip on iPhone or Android.
Top 10 attractions in Berlin
1. Brandenburg Gate
If a survey were conducted among tourists on the topic “Berlin’s calling card,” the Brandenburg Gate would probably win by a wide margin. This is the first thing that comes to mind when mentioning the German capital. And it is not surprising, because even Napoleon could not resist and took with him to Paris the famous quadriga, towering above the columns. However, after the victory over Bonaparte, the chariot with the Goddess of Victory returned to its homeland.
2. Reichstag
Parliament buildings in all countries usually look very presentable, but the Reichstag is not just a government house, but a real symbol and historically significant object. In May 1945, he was the main target of Soviet soldiers storming Berlin. And today almost all tourists coming to Germany strive to get here. Seeing with your own eyes the bullet marks, memorable inscriptions on the walls and going up to the observation deck located inside the glass dome is a must do when traveling to Berlin!
Flickr, Sven Festersen
3. Berlin Cathedral
The majestic cathedral building impresses not only with its appearance, but also with its luxurious interior decoration. It is the largest Protestant church in Germany. Inside, in addition to a carved gilded altar and colorful stained glass windows, there is an ancient organ and a tomb with sarcophagi of members of the Hohenzollern dynasty. From the height of the dome of the cathedral there is a beautiful panoramic view of the city, which will not leave any photographer indifferent.
Flickr, Stonebridge65
Finding yourself on this island is a real success for an inquisitive tourist! There are five museums here, which house very valuable art objects from Europe and the Middle East. The first congregation appeared in this area back in 1830 - it was Old Museum. Later the New Museum was built, followed by the opening of the National Gallery and the Bode Museum. The last building to appear was the Pergamon Museum, which took more than 30 years to build.
5. Unter den Linden
The most famous boulevard in Berlin begins from the Brandenburg Gate, the name of which simply translates as “under the linden trees.” The first alley appeared here in the middle of the 17th century thanks to Friedrich Wilhelm, who regularly drove along this road towards his hunting grounds. Later, his son decided to build up the boulevard with luxurious buildings, for which he ordered the demolition of 44 houses that did not correspond to his ideas of beauty. Today this is one of the most beautiful places in the city where every tourist wants to go.
PANORAMIO, BOOKMOUSE
6. Berlin TV Tower
The best time to visit the Berlin TV Tower is on a sunny day. Then you will be able to see the famous glare in the shape of a cross on her ball - an optical effect about which many funny stories have been told. Meanwhile, this is the tallest building in Germany, so millions of tourists every year climb to its observation deck to get creative with photos on the theme “Berlin at my feet.”
Flickr, gian piero1
7. Gendarmenmarkt Square
Already from the name you can guess that there was once a gendarmerie market here. But in 1773, Frederick the Great (the same one who developed the Unter den Linden boulevard) ordered the demolition of the stables of the cuirassier regiment and the square was built up with beautiful buildings. Soon two similar churches appeared here, and between them - a luxurious Concert Hall. Today the Gendarmenmarkt is considered one of the most harmonious squares in Europe.
Flickr, teekay72
The Russian tourist will probably be pleased to know that this beautiful square was named in honor of the Russian Tsar Alexander I. In 1805, he came to Berlin to visit Frederick William III, and the king decided to express his gratitude in this way. The huge “Friendship of Peoples” fountain, a high-rise hotel and a television tower appeared here during the GDR era. But the townspeople saw the “Peace Clock” only on the day of the unification of the GDR and the Federal Republic of Germany, after the fall of the Berlin Wall.
9. Eastside Gallery
The section of the Berlin Wall that once divided Germany into two parts is today one of the largest underground galleries in the world. open air. Its length is more than 1300 meters, and the pictures on it replace each other, like frames on a giant film. The most famous work and “calling card” of the gallery for a long time was the painting “Brotherly Kiss” (Brezhnev and Honecker), but in 2009 it was erased, as they say, “with the best of intentions.” However, there is still something to see there - more than 100 paintings created by the best contemporary artists from different countries.
10. Memorial to the Murdered Jews of Europe
More than 2,700 concrete slabs of different heights - from 0.5 m to 5 m - resemble a large field of ears, through which the wind seems to be blowing. But this effect can only be seen from above, and upon closer inspection you realize that the memorial consists of rows of gray nameless gravestone slabs. In the midst of a bustling metropolis, this contrast is especially impressive and prompts deep reflection. There is also an information center where you can see documentary evidence of the deaths of numerous Jewish families.
Flickr, Carlo Alessandro Nicolau
Brandenburg Gate in Berlin The classic arch of the Brandenburg Gate, as conceived by the architects, is the Gate of Peace, but, ironically, through them German soldiers went to war. Four horses, driven by the goddess of victory, crown twelve columns. In this form, the Brandenburg Gate became a symbol of a united Germany and was replicated on millions of postcards scattered around the world. Tourists wondering what to visit in Berlin head through this gate to the famous Linden Alley and move along it, examining historical places. In photographs of this part of the city, the Brandenburg Gate is sure to appear in the frame, bringing the flavor of the German capital to the landscape.
3. Museum Island
Museum Island in Berlin On an island in the middle of the Spree River there are 5 Berlin museums. This historical complex began its development from the first building built in 1830, called the Old Museum, which houses an exhibition of antique statues, weapons and ancient Greek jewelry. Later, the New Museum was built, where samples of papyri and exhibits of ancient Egyptian art are exhibited. The Old National Gallery, opened in 1876, will be of interest to lovers of impressionism; works by the famous Berliner Menzel are also exhibited here, and you can also admire Roman frescoes. Later, at the beginning of the 20th century, the Bode Museum opened its doors to visitors, presenting the art of Byzantium and sculpture of Germany and Italy from the early Middle Ages. In 1930, the Pergamon Museum was founded, exhibiting Islamic art and examples of the culture of Western Asia.
You can get to Museum Island by pedestrian bridge, which is called a bridge from the present to the past.
4. Berlin Wall
Segments of the Berlin Wall in Berlin An ugly concrete fence more than three meters high, surrounded by barbed wire, about 160 km long, separated West Berlin from Democratic Germany in 1961 and stood for 28 years, dividing the German people into two hostile states. In November 1989, after the border regime between the Federal Republic of Germany and the German Democratic Republic was simplified, the Berlin Wall ceased to be a symbol of the country's division, it was colored with graffiti by street artists, and the rubble of the destroyed structure was scattered throughout the world.
Currently, the restored fragment of the wall, about 800 m long, along Bernauer Strasse has become a monument to the unity of the inhabitants of all of Germany, which cannot be destroyed by artificial obstacles. Berlin's attractions include the wall as a must-see monument to the end of the Cold War. United Berlin is developing and becoming prettier, and the remains of the wall remind us of the times of the Iron Curtain and the need to learn lessons from historical events.
5. Pergamon Museum
Pergamon Museum in Berlin What to see in Berlin so as not to regret what you paid for entrance tickets? Of course, Pergamon!
The most visited museum in Germany was named after its main exhibit - the Pergamon Altar, found during excavations on the lands of the kingdom of the same name, which existed in 290-120 BC. in the territory modern Turkey(now the city of Bergama). By the way, the Turkish government periodically declares its desire to return this artifact to its original territory. In addition to the Pergamon Altar of Zeus, the museum presents:
- the richest collections of ancient art from the territory of Greece and the Roman Empire;
- exposition of cultural objects from Western Asia;
- a huge collection of Islamic art.
You can see architectural fragments of Ottoman palaces, Roman market gates, mosaics, Assyrian reliefs, the treasure of Troy, the Babylonian Ishtar Gate, and a collection of oriental carpets in one place - in Pergamon.
Feel the atmosphere of Berlin in this beautiful video!
6. Checkpoint Charlie
Checkpoint Charlie in Berlin The Berlin Wall checkpoint between the Soviet and Allied zones is a nondescript booth, but at the same time famous place, included in the sights of Berlin and symbolizing the confrontation of ideologies. Military and diplomats moved through this checkpoint. It was here that Soviet tanks stood in 1961, but fortunately they did not open fire. The checkpoint got its name thanks to the alphabetical coding of Americans (A - alpha, B - bravo, C - Charlie), these three checkpoints were used by US citizens.
Not far from the checkpoint is the Berlin Wall Museum, where numerous exhibits tell how Berliners tried to overcome the barriers, bypassing the official points of passage from East to West.
7. Charlottenburg Palace
Charlottenburg Castle in Berlin The royal residence, built at the end of the 17th century, received its name in honor of Sophia Charlotte, wife of the Prussian Elector Frederick I. The exquisite palace complex is surrounded by a magnificent park in a regular style. Elegant staircases, greenhouses, a Carp pond, various statues, graceful bridges, centuries-old linden trees and flower beds create a unique atmosphere where Berliners love to stroll and play sports. Free access to the park makes it possible to enjoy well-groomed landscapes; you can hide from the hustle and bustle in the shady alleys big city and listen to the birds singing.
The Palace Museum opens its doors to tourists to see the luxurious interiors, the decoration of the royal chambers, and the extensive collection of porcelain.
During the Second World War, the palace and park ensemble of Charlottenburg suffered serious damage, but through the efforts of restorers it was possible to restore the beauty and originality of this object cultural heritage for everyone who is interested in the historical sights of Berlin.
8. Berlin Cathedral
Berlin Cathedral in Berlin The majestic Protestant temple was built over 11 years at the end of the 19th and beginning of the 20th centuries. It was assigned the role of the main church of all Lutherans. The baroque cathedral building solemnly rises on Museum Island, and the interior decoration is not overwhelming, as in most Catholic cathedrals, but encourages you to carefully examine the details of sculptures, stained glass windows, paintings with scenes from the Bible. Representatives of the Hohenzollern dynasty rest in the tomb of the cathedral.
The creation of the famous master Sauer - a magnificent organ - fills the space of the cathedral with the sounds of music. The cathedral regularly hosts organ concerts; experts note the excellent acoustics in the room.
Visitors to the temple often go up to the observation deck under the dome to once again make sure that in Berlin you can look at the surrounding views from different vantage points.
9. Gendarmenmarkt
Gendarmenmarkt in Berlin The Gendarmenmarkt is rightly called the most beautiful square in the German capital. Three masterpieces of architecture located along the perimeter - the Concert Hall, the French and German Cathedrals, also included in the landmarks of Berlin - adequately frame the space where market trade took place since the 18th century. First it was the Linden Market, then the New Market, and only then the Military Market (in honor of the cavalry unit stationed nearby). The gendarmes mentioned in the title are not law enforcement officers in this case, but simply representatives of the army.
Depending on the time of year, Christmas markets, art performances, exhibitions, and promotions are held at the Gendarmenmarkt. Reputable restaurants and drinking establishments are concentrated here. In general, you can always have a cultural free time and admire the well-thought-out organization of space in German style.
10. Berlin Zoo
Entrance to the Berlin Zoological Garden in Berlin The zoo in Berlin was opened in 1844 and has since become the largest center for keeping and breeding animals in terms of the number of species represented. More than one and a half thousand species of fauna are represented on a compact territory of 35 hectares. There are no cages or bars here; the living space for the zoo's pets is arranged with grace and comfort. Visitors are practically not disturbed by fences organized for their own safety.
The question of what to visit in Berlin does not arise for animal lovers - they come straight here. Near the enclosures with elephants, giraffes, pandas, hippos, and penguins, there is always a crowd of people watching the animals frolic.
Since 1913, an aquarium center has been operating on the territory of the zoo, which is regularly modernized in accordance with the latest technology. You can spend the whole day at the zoo and still be sorry to part with its inhabitants; this corner of Berlin is so well-equipped, beautiful and cozy.
Sights of Berlin: what else to visit while in Berlin
If you have free time, it is worth including lesser-known monuments of history, nature and architecture in your tour of the German capital. However, even if there is no clear plan of where to go, there are numerous tourists at their disposal who will not have any difficulty in choosing a route taking into account your wishes.
11. Kaiser Wilhelm Memorial Church
Kaiser Wilhelm Memorial Church in Berlin The last Emperor of Germany, Wilhelm II, personally supervised the construction of the church in honor of the first German Emperor, Wilhelm I, thanks to which the structure stretched 113 meters high.
During World War II, the building suffered severe damage, and the city authorities wanted to demolish the church to build a new one, but the townspeople defended the destroyed building. For the edification of descendants, the destroyed tower reminds us of the inadmissibility of war.
The Berliners themselves nicknamed the memorial church the Blue Church because of the shimmering blue glass, illuminated in a special way, which creates a special mood inside the room, which was added to the old part in 1961. In this way, the architects combined the past and the present. The sights of Berlin often connect the history of bygone days with our era, making us think about the past.
12. Olympic Stadium
Olympic Stadium in Berlin German sports traditions are reflected in the history of the Olympiapark sports complex. The first stadium was built here in 1916 to organize the Summer Olympics. The next Olympic Games in Berlin were held in 1936, for which the Nazi government rebuilt Germany's main sports arena during the three years preceding the games. The stadium was given a classic antique shape, which was supposed to indicate the Third Reich as the successor to the Holy Roman Empire.
The stadium, bombed during World War II, was restored by the Germans by 1960, and it became an important arena for football matches. The last modernization of the complex was carried out in 2006; the suspended roof now allows sports competitions to be held in any weather conditions, which is why fans are very fond of the Olympiastadion. The cultural attractions of Berlin attract football fans to a much lesser extent than sports facilities, which is why the Olympic Stadium is of special importance to fans.
13. Grunwald forest
Grunwald Forest in Berlin Rae Allen The largest green Zone in the southwest of Berlin is the Grunwald Forest Park. Guests staying in this part of the city have something to visit in Berlin , without getting out into historical Center. The Grunwald Forest is well-groomed in German style, equipped with toilets, and the long paths are good for walking or cycling. On the picturesque shores of numerous lakes, lovers active rest admiring the surface of the water and listening to the sounds of wildlife, swimming in cool water. One of the best places to get away from city noise and breathe clean air.
14. French Cathedral
French Cathedral in Berlin This church on Gendarmerie Square was first erected at the beginning of the 18th century and was subsequently rebuilt several times. The cathedral was named French because of the Huguenot parishioners who fled France during persecution and held their services in the temple. Even non-religious travelers have something to see in Berlin in terms of the architecture of religious buildings, and the French Cathedral is clear proof of this.
15. Old National Gallery
Old National Gallery in Berlin In the antique building of the old national gallery, art lovers will be able to get acquainted with the richest collection of paintings of various styles created in the 19th century. The names of Menzel, beloved by the Germans, as well as Manet and Monet, Liebermann, Böcklin attract specialists and those interested in the gallery like a magnet. The works of European sculptors also have a significant place in the collection of this museum.
16. Tiergarten park
Greater Tiergarten in Berlin Florian Stangl When listing the sights of Berlin, you must definitely mention the Tiergarten, a huge park in the city center. Here they walk along the shady alleys, contemplate the chic flower beds, watch the kayakers train along the canal, drink beer in the traditional biergarten and feed the ducks in the lake. There is something to suit every visitor's liking. To explore most of the interesting corners of the park, you can hire a pedicab.
17. Red Town Hall
Red Town Hall in the half-Renaissance-half-Gothic style on Alexander Square in Berlin One of the most condensed and intense options for traveling to the German capital is a weekend trip to Berlin. What to see in the legendary city with only a couple of days to spare? Of course, it’s worth starting your acquaintance with the most important cultural and historical sites, which certainly include the Red Town Hall. This iconic building is as significant for residents as the Kremlin is for Muscovites. It appeared here back in the Middle Ages, only in the middle of the 19th century a new one, made of unbaked red brick, was erected on the site of the dilapidated building. The recognizable dark red facade is decorated with stucco and topped with sculptures of bears, symbolizing the once influential Askani family. You can get inside the Town Hall only twice a year, on Museum Night: just outside the doors you can see the Armorial Hall, then the meeting room and corridors with snow-white columns, marble staircases and red carpets.
18. Köpenick Palace
Köpenick Palace and palace park on an island on the Dame River in the east of Berlin A.Savin Once upon a time, the Köpenick region was an ancient settlement of Slavic tribes, who built the first fortress here. In the middle of the 16th century, the fortress was demolished, and in its place a hunting castle in the Renaissance style rose, later in the 17th century a park was laid out, and now in front of the castle there is a large square surrounded by paths, green lawns and colorful bushes. The calm and peaceful atmosphere of the park, surrounded by water and centuries-old trees, harmonizes with the interiors of the Baroque castle. Today Köpenick is part of the Prussian Cultural Heritage Foundation; on its lower floor there is a collection of archaeological artifacts telling about the history of the area. There are also collections of silver and gold items, porcelain tableware, furniture from different eras, and temporary exhibitions featuring works by local emerging artists and craftsmen. IN concert hall Chamber orchestras often perform in the palace.
19. Bellevue Palace
Panoramic view of the famous Bellevue Palace in the northern part of the Tiergarten park on a sunny day One of the magnificent buildings in the classicist style, Bellevue Palace, serves as the residence of the President of Germany. He settled in picturesque place on the banks of the Spree River. The history of the palace begins in 1786, when it was built as the summer residence of Prince August Ferdinand, who hosted many high-ranking persons within these walls - both Friedrich Schiller and Napoleon visited here at one time. At the end of the 19th century, the palace was equipped with an upscale hotel for dukes, barons and foreign ambassadors. Some time later, a famous art gallery was founded; at the beginning of the 20th century, exhibitions dedicated to applied art were held. Today Bellevue is of great historical significance for the country, but getting inside is not so easy - to do this you need to write an application to the presidential office. Fortunately, the adjacent park is open to the public without any restrictions.
20. Ka-De-Ve
Six-story department store from the early 20th century on Tauenzienstraße in Berlin Jörg Zägel Fans of shopping should definitely include a visit to Ka De We, one of the world's largest shopping centers, in their trip itinerary. On seven floors there are departments of clothing, accessories, equipment, jewelry, linen, sports equipment, food - there are simply countless categories of goods. The history of the trading house began at the beginning of the last century, and even then this place gained the status of the country's leading shopping center. If we consider it floor by floor, the first level of the complex is occupied by luxury boutiques and corners - all the most beautiful and expensive. The second floor is given over entirely to the male part of the population - trousers, jeans, jackets and much more. The third level is the main assortment of clothing, the fourth is lingerie and accessories, all subsequent floors present a huge assortment of other lifestyle goods, and on the last one you can still have a snack and relax after a busy shopping spree.
21. Alexanderplatz
TV tower and numerous skyscrapers on Alexanderplatz in Berlin ShurperMario The central square of the capital, which is of great historical and architectural value and is an important transport hub of the city, deserves to be included in the top attractions of Berlin. This is Alexanderplatz, named after the Russian Emperor Alexander I. The fact is that for many centuries in a row the destinies of Germany and Russia were closely intertwined, and in 1805 the Tsar of All Rus' arrived in Berlin. The ceremonial meeting of the two heads ends with the decree of Frederick William III renaming the former Torplatz to Alexanderplatz. Today, on the famous square, monuments of the distant past and evidence of modernity have merged together: here is the TV Tower, and the Universal Time Clock, under which meetings are scheduled, and the ancient Neptune Fountain, and the Church of St. Mary. Here you can take a walk, have some food, stroll through shopping centers and listen to the music of street performers.
22. Berlin State Opera
Berlin State Opera or Opera House Unter den Linden in Berlin Sami Mlouhi Berlin can rightfully be called one of the main centers of European culture. Among the 15 theater institutions located in Berlin, the most important is the Berlin State Opera - the oldest theater in the city, with a seating capacity of 1,300 people. It was founded in the mid-18th century. And for several centuries, the most outstanding works thundered on its stage, famous musicians and composers like Mendelssohn or Strauss performed, famous voices performed, including the Russian bass Fyodor Chaliapin. The theater was closed only once - during the Second World War, but in the 50s wonderful music sounded here again. And today, on the stage of the Berlin Opera, as before, the classics of Verdi, Wagner, Shostakovich, Tchaikovsky, Rossini do not stop, and the theater is the center cultural life countries.
23. Madame Tussauds
Madame Tussauds wax museum branch on Unten der Linden boulevard in Berlin Times An important part of the tourist program is the museums of Berlin, where the most valuable and historically significant artifacts are collected, history comes to life, transporting the visitor to the thick of the events of the past. One of the most famous wax museums is located in Berlin - the famous Madame Tussauds, the first branch of which was opened at the end of the 19th century in London. Today its divisions operate all over the world, and there is a representative office in Berlin. The Berlin Museum building is located near the Brandenburg Gate and includes 9 galleries and about a hundred figures of the world's most prominent figures. In one of the halls, for example, pop stars of the past and present are presented, including the Beatles, Britney Spears, Lady Gaga. In the other - film industry stars - Angelina Jolie, Nicole Kidman, Marilyn Monroe, Brad Pitt. There is another room where the process of creating wax sculptures is demonstrated.
24. Royal Porcelain Factory
Courtyard with the former kiln room (right) at the Royal Porcelain Factory in Berlin Manfred Brueckels It is difficult to find a more refined, delicate and sophisticated souvenir in Berlin than a product from the Royal Porcelain Factory. The history of this plant goes back 2.5 centuries, during which dozens of talented craftsmen, brilliant artists and designers have changed. It is here that beautiful products are made that add to the collections of famous artists, artists, politicians and other significant persons. Today within the walls porcelain factory There are fascinating excursions showing production workshops and an interactive exhibition. In the store, opened at the factory, you can purchase the most delicate products, hand-painted and made to order, marked with a recognizable factory stamp. Of course, not everyone can afford to buy a local copy, but such an acquisition will become a value passed on from generation to generation.
25. AquaDom
AquaDom in the hotel lobby Radisson Blu Eric Pancer It is in Berlin that the world's largest salt water aquarium is located - a giant cylindrical tank called the Aquadom. Especially lucky are the guests of the five-star Radisson Blu hotel, whose windows overlook the courtyard-well with this incredible aquarium. The spectacle is impressive - 2.5 thousand fish swim smoothly among realistic corals, caves, rocks and algae, illuminated by a pleasant blue light. The height of the glass structure is 25 meters, the diameter is 11 meters, and through the thick 19-centimeter glass you can observe the inhabitants not only from the outside, but also in the inner cylinder, from the transparent elevator passing here. It's hard to imagine that overall volume The water in the aquarium is about 1 million liters!
26. Tropical Island Water Park
Top view of the tropical Amusement Park in the former Bmalina airship hangar Where should visitors to Berlin go for a holiday with children? The first place worth visiting is the Tropical Island water park, the best place for entertainment and relaxation 60 kilometers from Berlin. It is a huge hangar, which once served as military base, and today, in an internal area the size of eight football fields, there is a world-famous water park. " tropical island"is impressive not only with its territories, capable of accommodating up to 6 thousand vacationers, but also with its variety of entertainment. The paradise contains about 50 thousand real tropical plants, there are even tropical animals and beautiful colored parrots. A 200-meter sandy strip of coastline stretches along the artificial reservoir. In the “Tropical Village” section you can explore the traditions of various southern countries, and in dozens of baths and saunas - take a steam bath and improve your health. There are also solariums, a fitness center, and a dozen restaurants and cafes.
27. Balloon Die Welt
Hot Air Balloon Die Welt is an attraction located in the Mitte district of Berlin. Those who like to see interesting places in cities from a bird's eye view should definitely visit one of the unusual attractions in Berlin - hot-air balloon Die Welt, which is one of the world's largest balloons. A recognizable blue ball with a white inscription every now and then “floats up” over the center of Berlin, periodically falling back. This is the most unusual observation deck, which rises 150 meters every 15 minutes, offering visitors the most stunning views of the city, its wide streets and magnificent architecture. To prevent the flight from being spoiled by weather conditions, the balloon is equipped with a system that predicts changes in the strength and direction of the wind. In addition, even when flying up, the ball remains connected to the ground by a powerful cable, which prevents it from flying beyond a certain area.
28. Holocaust Memorial
Holocaust Memorial in Berlin in memory of Jewish victims of Nazism Alexander Blum Military sights of Berlin - Of course, for the most part these are monuments dedicated to the tragic events of the bloodiest war in the history of mankind - World War II. One of them is located near the Brandenburg Gate and is a huge field with countless concrete blocks installed in memory of the murdered Jews of Europe. This is a memorial to the victims of the Holocaust - the regime of mass extermination of Jews who lived in Germany and the territories it occupied. This place is popular among tourists, although visiting it involuntarily evokes the most difficult emotions and experiences, awakening a feeling of the infinity of the tragedy that has occurred. But this is precisely the goal pursued by the author of the memorial project, Peter Eiseman. More than two thousand gray blocks of special concrete create a long labyrinth that seems to be pressing from all sides, reflecting the horror of what happened.
St. Mary's Church is the oldest active parish in Berlin. The first mention of it dates back to the 13th century, when a red brick temple was erected on a granite foundation. The building was originally Gothic, but after several fires in the 17th century it was restored in the Baroque style, and a century later it was reconstructed in the Neo-Gothic style. Another restoration dates back to the 20th century, and thus the building gained unusual look and mixed style. Within the walls of the church there are about 90 famous creations - these include the Baroque pulpit, the sarcophagus of Field Marshal von Sparr, the famous fresco “Dance of Death”, which depicts the social elite accompanied by figures of dancing death. Another masterpiece is the church organ created by Joachim Wagner, which has been repeatedly reconstructed.
30. Church of St. Nicholas
View from the Berlin TV Tower to the Church of St. Nicholas in the historical quarter of Nikolaifirtel A.Savin No matter how surprising it may be, but in the most atheistic European capital The religious sights of Berlin are of great value, the presentation of which would be incomplete without mentioning the oldest basilica in the capital - the Church of St. Nicholas. The parish was opened near the place where the famous trade route crossed the Spree River. It is for this reason that the church acquired the name of St. Nicholas of Myra, who is considered the patron saint of trade. Throughout its 8-century history, the building has been restored several times, the last time this happened in the 1980s. Today it is a neo-Gothic building, topped by two tall spiers. Unfortunately, services are no longer held in the temple, but there is a lot of interesting things here - for example, an exhibition with the history of the church and three large organs on which works of classical music are performed during concerts.
31. New Synagogue
New Synagogue of the mid-19th century in Berlin's Mitte district Ansgar Koreng In the Mitte district in the east of the city there is a charismatic building in the neo-Byzantine-Moorish style - the New Synagogue. Today this place is a cultural center for representatives of the Jewish people. Initially, the history of the New Synagogue began in the mid-19th century, when the first stone of its foundation was laid. During World War II, the Nazis destroyed the synagogue, but in the post-war years the Jewish community recovered, and the destroyed building was later restored almost from scratch, preserving the original architecture. Only in 1995, the Synagogue reopened its doors, and most of its area was occupied by a museum reflecting interesting facts from the life of the Jewish people, as well as a center of Jewish culture. More than a hundred secular and educational institutions of Jewish culture are concentrated in the immediate vicinity of the New Synagogue.
32. Berlin TV Tower
Famous TV tower and panorama of Berlin city center For anyone interested in the most emblematic sights of Berlin, a route must definitely be planned, passing through central square Alexanderplatz and a visit to the most “prominent” object - the Berlin TV Tower. Back in the middle of the last century, the television tower project was conceived for quite reasonable reasons, because for high-quality television broadcasting in those years a more powerful and modern sensor was required. And in 1969, a 368-meter television tower rose above the eastern part of Berlin with observation deck, equipped at an altitude of just over 200 meters. Today, the structure, equipped with state-of-the-art elevators and rotating structures, still attracts thousands of visitors, most of whom go straight to the observation deck - a rotating platform inside a ball with panoramic views and a restaurant.
33. Treptower Park
Soviet war memorial "Warrior Liberator" in Berlin's Treptower Park Modern Berlin is famous for its numerous green parks, of which there are more than 2.5 thousand. One of these places is Treptower Park, which became especially famous after the Great Patriotic War, when a large-scale memorial complex to the fallen Soviet soldiers was built here. This largest monument was opened in 1949 as a sign of victory over Nazism, and in nearby mass graves About 7 thousand remains of Soviet soldiers who died in the battles for Berlin were reburied. Conventionally, the monument is divided into 5 parts - the complex opens with the sculpture “Grieving Mother”, then follows an alley of birch trees leading to the entrance to the brotherly cemetery, then a symbolic gate in the form of bowed banners and figures of mourning soldiers, then an alley of sarcophagi in the form of symbolic cubes with bas-reliefs telling about the exploits of soldiers, and finally a large sculpture of the “Warrior-Liberator” on a high pedestal.
34. Botanical Garden
Large Tropical Greenhouse on the grounds of the Botanical Garden in Berlin Paul VanDerWerf Nature lovers do not leave without attention Botanical Garden, which ranks first in Europe in terms of the number and variety of plants growing in it. The garden also has the status of a museum, because on its large area of 43 hectares the most outlandish plants grow, about which you can get comprehensive information. Here you can walk through picturesque meadows and visit numerous greenhouses, the most famous of which is the Great Tropical Greenhouse with hundreds of the most unusual exotic plants. No less interesting is the orchid greenhouse, rock garden, cactus pavilion, and fern gallery. It is noteworthy that the inhabitants of greenhouses are not only plants, but also rare insects and birds. Although the Botanical Garden is most famous for its flora, its sculptural and architectural creations created by talented craftsmen are also interesting.
35. Boulevard Unter den Linden
Berlin boulevard Unter den Linden Nath el Biya/Niels The world-famous Unter den Linden boulevard is often called the local Broadway, due to incredible amount important historical and architectural monuments located along the street. The most important objects are located on both sides of the boulevard, among them - the Humboldt University, the Brandenburg Gate, the Berlin Opera, Cathedral, Crown Prince's Palace, Princess's Palace and many other attractions. And the name of the boulevard was given by linden trees planted back in the 17th century by order of King Friedrich Wilhelm - in total about a thousand trees decorated the alley. In the 18th century, the alley was already supplemented with mansions for wealthy citizens. Today, Unter den Linden is home to, in addition to attractions, fashionable hotels, banks, shops and restaurants. Now anyone can stroll along the legendary boulevard and feel its historical spirit.
Berlin ist die Hauptstadt Deutschlands. Berlin ist eine Stadt und auch ein Bundesland, wie Hamburg oder Bremen. Mit rund 3.5 Millionen Einwohnern ist Berlin die zweitgrößte Stadt der EU.
Die Metropole an der Spree ist über 770 Jahre alt. Nach 1949 war die Stadt in zwei Teile geteilt. Das waren West- und Ostberlin. Die Grenze zwischen zwei Teilen war seit 1961 die Berliner Mauer. Nach dem Fall der Mauer 1989 und nach der Wiedervereinigung 1990 wurde Berlin wieder Hauptstadt des Landes.
Wenn Sie die Stadt kennen lernen wollen, beginnen Sie Ihren Spaziergang am Alexanderplatz oder Alex. Dieser riesige Platz ist ein beliebter Treffpunkt der Berliner. Auf dem Alexanderplatz befinden sich das Hotel Park Inn Berlin, die berühmte Weltzeituhr und einige große Kaufhäuser.
Neben dem Alexanderplatz befindet sich das höchste Gebäude in Berlin, der Fernsehturm. Neben dem Fernsehturm liegen das Rote Rathaus und die Marienkirche. Das Rote Rathaus ist der Sitz des Bürgermeisters.
In der Nähe des Rathauses liegt das alte historische Nikolai-Viertel. Die gemütliche Atmosphäre des Nikolai-Viertels mit vielen Cafés, Restaurants und Souvenirläden zieht viele Touristen an. Das Herz des Viertels ist die Nikolaikirche, die älteste Kirche Berlins.
Auf dem anderen Spreeufer befindet sich die größte Kirche Berlins - der majestätische Berliner Dom.
Ein Stück weiter beginnt Unter den Linden - die berühmte Hauptstraße Berlins. Hier gibt es viele Sehenswürdigkeiten, zum Beispiel die Humboldt Universität, die Alte Bibliothek und die Staatsoper.
Die Straße führt zum Brandenburger Tor. Hier war bis 1989 die Grenze zwischen Ost und West. Heute ist das Brandenburger Tor das Wahrzeichen der Stadt und der Einheit. Rechts vom Brandenburger Tor befindet sich der Reichstag. Die gläserne Kuppel des Reichstages ist eine beliebte Touristenattraktion.
Wenn Sie vom Brandenburger Tor nach links gehen, kommen Sie bald zum Potsdamer Platz. Seit 1962 war der große Platz wegen der Mauer öde und leer. Während der 90er-Jahre war hier eine riesige Baustelle. Heute ist er eine wichtige Sehenswürdigkeit Berlins. Die Touristen bewundern hier die futuristische Architektur der Hochhäuser und das gläserne Zeltdach des Sony Centers.
Wenn Sie vom Potsdamer Platz mit der U2 Richtung Ruhleben fahren, kommen Sie schnell ins Zentrum von Westberlin. Hier, am Wittenbergplatz liegt das prächtige KaDeWe, oder das Kaufhaus des Westens. Es ist das größte und das schönste Kaufhaus in Kontinentaleuropa. Ein Stück weiter befindet sich die Kaiser-Wilhelm-Gedächtniskirche. Ihr zerstörter Turm soll an den Krieg erinnern. An der Gedächtniskirche beginnt der Kurfürstendamm, oder Ku'Damm, die bekannteste Straße Westberlins, mit vielen Luxushotels, Restaurants, Cafés, Kinos und Kaufhäusern.
Die Tag und Nacht geöffnete Metropole ist heute eine Stadt von Weltrang. In Berlin ist immer viel los. Hier findet jeder etwas für sich.
Wenn Sie sich für Kunst interessieren, gehen Sie zur Museumsinsel. Sie liegt hinter dem Berliner Dom und ist der größte Museumskomplex Europas mit 17 Museen. Wenn Sie Ruhe und Natur mögen, gehen Sie in den Tiergarten, den größten und den schönsten Stadtpark Berlins, spazieren. Wenn Sie sich für Technik interessieren, besuchen Sie unbedingt das spannende Deutsche Technikmuseum. Und wenn Sie ein Tierfreund sind, liegt Ihr Weg in den Berliner Zoo. Viel Spaß!
Translation
Berlin is the capital of Germany. Berlin is a city and a federal state, like Hamburg or Bremen. With a population of approximately 3.5 million people, Berlin is the second largest city in the EU.
The metropolis on the Spree is over 770 years old. After 1949 the city was divided into two parts. These were West and East Berlin. The border between the two parts has been the Berlin Wall since 1961. After the fall of the Berlin Wall in 1989 and after reunification in 1990, Berlin again became the capital of the country.
If you want to get to know the city, start your walk at Alexanderplatz or Alex. This huge area is popular place meetings of Berliners. Alexanderplatz has the Park Inn Berlin, the famous world clock and several large department stores.
Next to Alexanderplatz is the tallest building in Berlin, the TV Tower. Next to the TV tower are the Red Town Hall and St. Mary's Church. The Red Town Hall is the residence of the mayor.
Next to the town hall is the old historical quarter of Nikolaivirtel. The cozy atmosphere of Nikolaivirtel with many cafes, restaurants and souvenir shops attracts many tourists. The heart of the quarter is the Church of St. Nicholas, the most old church in Berlin.
On the other side of the Spree River lies the largest church in Berlin, the majestic Berlin Cathedral.
A little further begins Unter den Linden, the famous main street of Berlin. There are many attractions here, such as the Humboldt University, the Old Library and the State Opera House.
The street leads to the Brandenburg Gate. Here until 1989 there was a border between East and West. Today the Brandenburg Gate is a symbol of the city and unity. To the right of the Brandenburg Gate is the Reichstag. The glass dome of the Reichstag is a popular tourist attraction.
If you go left from the Brandenburg Gate, you will soon reach Potsdamer Platz. Since 1962, this huge area has been abandoned and empty due to the wall. During the 90s, the square was a huge construction site. Today it is an important landmark in Berlin. Tourists admire the futuristic architecture of skyscrapers and the glass roof of the Sony Center pavilion.
If you take the U-Bahn (line U2 towards Ruhleben) from Potsdamer Platz you will quickly reach the center of West Berlin. Here on Wittenbergplatz is the magnificent KaDeWe, or Department Store of the West. This is the largest and most beautiful department store in continental Europe. A little further is the Kaiser Wilhelm Memorial Church. Its destroyed tower should be a reminder of the war. At the Church of Remembrance begins the Kurfürstendamm, or Kudamm, the most famous street in West Berlin, with a large number of luxury hotels, restaurants, cafes, cinemas and department stores.
Open day and night, the metropolis is today a world-class city. Berlin is always bustling with life. Everyone can find something for themselves here.
If you are interested in art, go to Museum Island. It lies behind the Berlin Cathedral and is the largest museum complex in Europe with 17 museums. If you love peace and nature, go for a walk in the Tiergarten, the largest and most beautiful park in Berlin. If you're interested in technology, be sure to visit the fascinating Deutsches Technik Museum. And if you are an animal lover, then your path lies in the Berlin Zoo. We hope you have a great time!
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Are you planning a trip to the capital of Germany and have not yet decided which sights of Berlin are worth visiting first? In this article you will find information about the forty most interesting corners of the city that deserve the attention of every tourist.
Historical sights of Berlin
The wall once struck terror into the hearts of people separated by it for thirty years. The stone fence was destroyed by the rebellious population in 1989, and its ruins became a symbol of the freedom of thousands of families whose unity was restored. Now the wall is being reconstructed, trying to give it a natural appearance.
This is facilitated by the preserved towers from which patrolmen shot people trying to cross the border. Tourists from all over the world come to the Berlin Wall to witness the power of the people's spirit.
The only checkpoint remaining after the fall of the Berlin Wall. The checkpoint is considered a symbol of the confrontation between superpowers during the Cold War. There you can still see the inscription: “you are leaving the American sector.”
The spirit of history is helped by soldiers dressed in the uniform of past years, with whom you can take a photo as a souvenir. Nearby there are shops with themed souvenirs, and an abundance of cafes will come in handy if you need a snack.
The parliament building in Berlin is the most important monument to the history of the city. Its majestic appearance was created by masters in 1894 with stylistic elements of Italian Renaissance architecture.
This landmark of Berlin survived a fire, skirmishes during World War II and, finally, a major restoration, at the end of which it received a mesmerizing glass dome. On the observation deck you can enjoy views of Berlin from a forty-meter height. The walls of the building contain traces of bullets from Soviet soldiers.
This capital square remembers the burning of “anti-German” literature by the Nazis in 1933. Empty shelves extending directly under the paving stones of Bebelplatz are dedicated to the sad event. This symbolizes the loss of the works of such great cultural figures as Freud, Marx, Dreiser, Hasek. On Bebelplatz there is also the amazingly beautiful St. Hedwig's Cathedral with a majestic green dome, an ancient library, and an opera theater built back in the seventeenth century.
An architectural complex including six best museums Berlin. Located on the island of Spreinsel and is protected by UNESCO as a world heritage. The exhibitions will take visitors into the abyss of time, allowing them to go back six thousand years into human history. Here the secrets of bygone eras, magnificent sculptures, weapons, jewelry, and literature of past times will be revealed to you. The island can be reached via a pedestrian bridge or by train.
Once part of a deserted city during the Berlin Wall, Potsdamer Platz today symbolizes the history of the capital of a new era. A small memorial to the wall is the only thing that has remained here from the dark past.
Now Potsdamer Platz is a modern, stylish high-rise building, shopping centers, an abundance of cafes and restaurants. In the northern part of the square there is the Kohlhoff Tower with a gorgeous observation deck. By going up there, you will get a unique opportunity to see the best panorama of Berlin!
In the old days, the medieval Charlottenburg Castle was the residence of the Prussian monarchs. It is named after the wife of Frederick I, by whose will it was built.
Now it is a palace complex with a park and greenhouses open to guests. Here you will discover the elegant and at the same time discreet decoration of a German baroque castle. The palace territory has neat alleys, many benches and is not crowded, which will make your stay truly peaceful.
This building stands apart on the list of Berlin attractions. The gate is located next to the famous Linden Alley and is an architectural monument of the late eighteenth century. They were built to symbolize peace and harmony between the inhabitants of Germany.
The gate is crowned with a sculpture of the graceful Irene, the goddess of peace of Ancient Greece. The only capital gate that has never been destroyed. After the destruction of the Berlin Wall, they became a symbol of the reunification of parts of Germany.
Located on the Gendarmenmarkt square and is a church, the first stone of which was laid during the reign of Frederick II at the beginning of the 18th century. In fact, the cathedral was built on a Swiss cemetery; at that distant time, few people cared about the moral side of the issue.
The architectural style of the cathedral includes elements of Italian Baroque. The presence of massive columns gives impressiveness appearance churches. Today the cathedral is a museum and is open to the public.
The memorial is dedicated to the victory of Soviet troops over Nazi Germany. The sculpture depicts a soldier with a sword and a little girl in his arms. It is located in Treptower Park, where thousands of Soviet soldiers who stormed the German capital in 1945 are buried. The monument was cast in Leningrad in record time (7 weeks). Contemplation of the monument cannot leave you indifferent; the symbol of peace rises above the park as a constant reminder of the value of human life.
Open lesson on the topic: “Sights of Germany. Berlin" is a combined foreign language lesson using modern pedagogical technologies: multimedia, audio, video broadcasts, which contributes to the individualization of learning, develops the motive of speech activity, has an emotional impact on students, and thereby increases the effectiveness of teaching a foreign language.
This lesson is included in the training program in the “Developmental Course” section. Designed for 2nd year students studying according to III generation standards. Prepared taking into account modern educational technologies. Develops the necessary language skills and speech skills provided for by the program; skills of a rational approach to working with language material; develops the ability to apply strategies for completing tasks. Forms an algorithm for effective communication in German.
In order to better manage educational activities, incentives for purposeful active activity of students were given in advance homework- preparing a presentation on the topic. This made it possible to ensure a state of interest, passion, and also stimulate the intellectuality and activity of students. The formation of the intellectual qualities of a student’s personality is helped by the unusual, non-standard form of presentation of the material.
This methodological development can be used as a model when planning a foreign language lesson using innovative technologies.
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State Autonomous Educational Institution of Secondary Vocational Education of the Sverdlovsk Region
SAOU SPO SO "Krasnoturinsky Industrial College"
Methodological development
open lesson
in German
on the topic: “Sights of Germany. Berlin"
German teacher
Zyryanova E.G.
Krasnoturinsk
2013
annotation
Open lesson on the topic: “Sights of Germany. Berlin" is a combined foreign language lesson using modern pedagogical technologies: multimedia, audio, video broadcasts, which contributes to the individualization of learning, develops the motive of speech activity, has an emotional impact on students, and thereby increases the effectiveness of teaching a foreign language.
This lesson is included in the training program in the “Developmental Course” section. Designed for 2nd year students studying according to III generation standards. Prepared taking into account modern educational technologies. Develops the necessary language skills and speech skills provided for by the program; skills of a rational approach to working with language material; develops the ability to apply strategies for completing tasks. Forms an algorithm for effective communication in German.
In order to better manage educational activities and encourage students to engage in purposeful active work, homework was given in advance - preparing a presentation on the topic. This made it possible to ensure a state of interest, passion, and also stimulate the intellectuality and activity of students. The formation of the intellectual qualities of a student’s personality is helped by the unusual, non-standard form of presentation of the material.
This methodological development can be used as a model when planning a foreign language lesson using innovative technologies.
Open lesson on the topic: “Sights of Germany. Berlin"
Lesson type : Generalization and systematization of knowledge.
The purpose of the lesson : to develop communication skills in different types of speech activity: listening, reading, writing.
Lesson objectives:
Practical problems:
develop monologue speech skills on the topic “Berlin”.
activate lexical units on the topic “Berlin”;
improve the skills of search reading and extracting the necessary information from what is read;
teach students monologue statements of a narrative type;
summarize and consolidate the grammatical topic “Past conversational tense” - Perfekt
Educational objectives:
to form linguistic and cultural competence;
expand your horizons;
improve skills in using the educational opportunities of the Internet;
develop the ability to analyze and summarize educational material.
Developmental tasks:
develop students' initiative and thinking;
develop linguistic conjecture;
develop interpersonal communication skills and abilities.
Educational tasks:
promote a sense of collectivism and mutual assistance.
Lesson equipment : computer, projector, map of Germany with outlines of federal states and names of cities in Germany, key words, key questions, creative project work of students in German (presentations).
The final stage of the lesson:
Systematize and control knowledge about the sights of Berlin using a task (crossword puzzle).
General competencies developed in the lesson:
OK 3. Make decisions in standard and non-standard situations and take responsibility for them.
OK 4. Search and use information necessary for the effective performance of professional tasks, professional and personal development.
OK 5. Master information culture, analyze and evaluate information using information and communication technologies.
OK 6. Work in a team and team, communicate effectively with colleagues, management, and consumers.
OK 7. Take responsibility for the work of team members (subordinates), the result of completing tasks.
OK 8. Independently determine the tasks of professional and personal development, engage in self-education, consciously plan professional development.
OK 9. To navigate the conditions of frequent changes in technology in professional activities.
Levels of activity | Lesson steps | Developed competencies |
Emotional-psychological | 2.Developing skills in using the “Learning in Collaboration” system (work in small groups to prepare messages on the topic) | OK 3, OK 7, OK 4 |
Regulatory | 1.Checking the level of mastery of skills in using lexical units and speech patterns on the topic 2. Testing the skills and abilities of understanding German speech by ear (listening) on the topic. 3.Identification of the level of development of foreign language text listening skills | OK 4, OK 5, OK 6 |
Social | Practicing skills in using the “Learning in Collaboration” system (work in small groups to prepare messages on the topic) | OK 4, OK 5, OK 6 |
Analytical | 1.Checking the level of mastery of skills in using lexical units and speech patterns on the topic 2. Testing the skills and abilities of understanding German speech by ear (listening) on the topic. Identification of the level of development of foreign language text listening skills | OK 3 |
Creative | 2.Use of information and computer technologies for productive demonstration of the practical application of knowledge (presentations) 3.Improving the skills of search reading and extracting the necessary information from what is read (filling out a crossword puzzle based on the text read) | OK 8 |
Self-improvement | 1.Developing skills in using the “Learning in Collaboration” system (work in small groups to prepare messages on the topic) 2.Checking the level of mastery of skills in using lexical units and speech patterns on the topic 3.Use of information and computer technologies for productive demonstration of the practical application of knowledge (presentations) | OK 7, OK 8, OK 9 |
During the classes
1). Speech exercise
Students, together with the teacher, pronounce tongue twisters in German:
1.Kleine Kinder können keine Kirschkerne knacken.
2.Oljas Ohren sind verloren.
3.Mama, Papa, Oma, Opa fahren gern mit Antons Mofa.
4.Der Richter richtet richtig.
5.Neun Nähnadeln nähen neun Nachtmützen, neun Nachtmützen nähen neun Nähnadeln.
6.Milch macht müde Manner munter.
7.Nur wenige wissen wie viel man wissen muss, um zu wissen wie wenig man weiss.
8.Zwischen zwei Zweigen sitzen zwei zwitschernde Spatzen.
9.Rasch rollt Rudis Rad.
10.Fünf fleissige Fischer fangen fünf fette Fische.
11.Ich stecke meinen Kopf in einen kupfernen Topf.
12.Fischer Fritz fischt frische Fische, frische Fische fischt Fischer Fritz.
13.Schneiderschere schneidet scharf, scharf schneidet Schneiderschere.
14.Zehn Ziegen zogen zwei Zentner Zucker zum Zoo.
2).Conversation between the teacher and the group (approximate questions)
· Reisen Sie germen?
· Womit reisen sie gewohnlich?
· Wo waren Sie?
· Welche Stadte haben Sie besucht?
· Waren Sie in Germany?
· Mochten Sie nach Deutschland fahren? Wozu?
3). Testing the skills and abilities of understanding German speech by ear (listening) on the topic. Identification of the level of development of foreign language text listening skills.
Tasks for students before listening to the text:
1.Listen to the text about the history of Berlin.
2. Determine the main idea of the text.
3.Retell what you heard in your native language in your own words or in German.
4.Answer questions based on the text.
5.Have a free conversation with the teacher about the text you heard.
Listening text
Berlin
Berlin ist die Hauptstadt der Bundesrepublik Deutschland. Es wurde im 13. Jahrhundert gegründet. Im 19. Jahrhundert hatte sich Berlin zu einer der größten Städte Europas entwickelt. 1871 wurde Berlin zur Hauptstadt des deutschen Kaiserreiches.
Vor dem Zweiten Weltkrieg war es Verkehrsknotenpunkt und Handelszentrum von Deutschland. Während des Krieges wurde Berlin sehr stark zerstört, dann aber schnell wiederaufgebaut. Von 1948 bis 1990 war Berlin in Ost und WestBerlin geteilt. Jetzt ist Berlin wieder die Hauptstadt des vereinten Deutschlands. Berlin hat 3.4 Millionen Einwohner und ist die größte Stadt der BRD. Es ist ein wichtiges politisches, industrielles, wissenschaftliches und kulturelles Zentrum.
Alle wichtigen Industriezweige sind hier vertreten. Besonders entwickelt sind die Elektroindustrie, der Maschinenbau und die chemische Industrie. Das Wahrzeichen von Berlin ist das Brandenburger Tor.
Es ist von herrlichen Seen und Wäldern umgeben. Das internationale Ansehen Berlins wächst mit jedem Jahr und sehr oft wird es zum Tagungsort wichtiger internationaler Treffen.
Berlin - die Hauptstadt und auch der Regierungssitz Deutschlands ist ein wichtiger Mittelpunkt der Politik, Kultur, Medien und Wissenschaft in der Europäischen Union.
4).Developing skills in using the “Learning in Collaboration” system (work in small groups to prepare messages on the topic). Students prepare messages in advance as homework.
Using information and computer technologies to effectively demonstrate the practical application of knowledge (presentations).
5).Checking the level of mastery of skills in using lexical units and speech patterns on the topic.
Getting to know the sights of Berlin. Watch a video clip.
Sehenswurdigkeiten Berlins
1. Brandenburger Tor (Brandenburg Gate)befindet sich am Pariser Platz und wurde in den Jahren von 1788 bis 1791 erbaut.
2. Reichstagsgebäude (Reichstag Building) wurde 1884 – 1894 gebaut. Nach dem spektakulären Reichstagsbrand 1933 ist er heute wieder aufgebaut und Sitz des Deutschen Bundestages.
3.Unter den Linden mit der russischen Botschaft (Boulevard Unter den Linden with Russian embassy) kann zur Museumsinsel und in den östlichen Teil zu demFernsehturm gelangt werden. Besonders interessant ist die Straße aufgrund dessen, dass bei Folgen des Straßenverlaufs an vielen Berliner Sehenswürdigkeiten vorbeigefahren wird.
4.Berliner Mauer (Remains of the Berlin Wall) Symbol des Konflikts im Kalten Krieg zwischen den Westmächten unter Führung der Vereinigten Staaten und dem Ostblock unter Führung der Sowjetunion.
5.Sowjetisches Ehrenmal in Treptower park (Monument to the Soldier-Liberator in Treptower Park) wurde im Mai 1949 fertiggestellte Anlage im Auftrag der sowjetischen Truppen errichtet, um die im Zweiten Weltkrieg gefallenen Soldaten der Roten Armee zu ehren. Die zum Monument gehörende Statue ist mit Hügel und Sockel insgesamt 30 Meter hoch.
6.Neues Museum (New Museum) - zweite Museum auf der Museumsinsel wurde als Erweiterungsbau für die im Alten Museum nicht unterzubringenden Sammlungen erforderlich.
7.Berliner Dom (Berlin Cathedral), Altes Museum (Old Museum) wurde von 1894 – 1905 errichtet und diente als Gotteshaus für den deutschen Kaiser und seine Familie.
8.Aquarium (Aquarium)
9.Marienkirche (St. Mary's Church) wurde 1270 gebaut und die zweitälteste Kirche der Stadt ist. Im Inneren der Kirche finden Sie das wohl älteste Fresko Deutschlands, den „Totentanz“,
10.Fernsehturm (TV tower) auf dem Alexanderplatz (Alexanderplatz)mit der Spitze eine Hohe von 368 m. Bis zum Telecafe ist eine Höhe von 207 m. Außerdem zählt er mit seiner Höhe auch zu den vier höchsten Gebäuden in ganz Europa.
11.Rotes Rathaus (Red Town Hall) ist heute Sitz des Berliner Senats und des regierenden Bürgermeisters.
12.Museumsinsel (Museum Island) ist das nördliche Teil der Spreeinsel in der historischen Mitte von Berlin. Sie ist mit ihren Museen heute ein vielbesuchter touristischer Anlaufpunkt und einer der wichtigsten Museumskomplexe der Welt.
13.Checkpoint Charlie (Former checkpoint - checkpoint Charlie)war nämlich der wohl populärste Grenzübergang zwischen Ost- und Westberlin zu DDR Zeiten.
6). Summarizing and consolidating the grammatical topic “Past conversational tense” - Perfekt using information on the topic of the lesson.
Task: Put the auxiliary verbs “haben” or “sein” in the correct form (Perfekt):
1.Die Hauptstadt der Bundesrepublik Deutschland, Berlin.... an der Spree gelegen.
2.Dann ... es ein kleines Walddorf (Fischerdorf) gewesen.
3.Berlin ... im 13.ten Jahrhundert aus 2 kleinen Stadten entstanden.
4.Wahrend des Krieges... die ganze Stadt fast zerstort.
5.Berlin ... fast vier Millionen Einwohner gezählt.
6.Das ... eine der schönsten Städte Europas mit vielen Sehenswürdigkeiten gewesen.
7.Die breite grüne Straße "Unter den Linden" ... vom Brandenburger Tor bis zum Alexanderplatz geführt.
8.Sie ... mit 321 Linden gepflanzt.
9.Dieser Platz ... seinen Namen dem russischen Zaren Alexander dem Ersten zu Ehren bekommen.
10.Nicht weit davon... sich das Rote Rathaus befunden.
11.Die Stadt ... 1237 gegründet.
12.Die Touristen ... das Reichstagsgebäude, die Humboldt-Universität, das Ehrenmal für die Sowjetsoldaten im Treptow-Park und Berliner Tierpark besichtigt.
7). Improving search reading skills and extracting necessary information from what is read (filling out a crossword puzzle based on the text read)
Spaziergang durch Berlin
Beginnen Sie Ihren Spaziergang auf dem Alexanderplatz . Dieser Platz gehörte in den 20er Jahren zu den belebtesten Plätzen Berlins. Er bekam 1805 seinen Namen zu Ehren des russischen Zaren Alexander I. Vom Alex ,wie die Berliner diesen Platz nennen, sind es nur wenige Schritte bis zum höchsten Bauwerk Berlins, dem Berliner Fernsehturm , der knapp 370m misst. Er entstand anläßlich des 20. Jahrestages der DDR. Wenn Sie im rotierenden Cafe` in der Kugel des Turmes Platz nehmen, erleben Sie in 30 min einen phantastischen Rundblick auf die Stadt.
Direkt vor dem Fernsehturm befindet sich die Marienkirche , die um 1270 gebaut wurde unddie zweitälteste Kirche der Stadtist. Im Inneren der Kirche finden Sie das wohl älteste Fresko Deutschlands, den „Totentanz“ , der im15. Jahrhundert entstand.
Nur wenige Meter von der Kirche entfernt, steht der Neptunbrunnen. Er wurde 1891 gebaut.
und war ein Geschenk der Berliner Bürgerschaft an ihren König.
Wenn Sie sich jetzt nach links wenden, haben Sie das Rote Rathaus (Bauzeit 1861 – 68) vor sich, denSitz des Regierenden Bürgermeistersvon Berlin. Beim Nähergehen achten Sie auf zwei links und rechts des Weges stehende Sculpturen aus den sozialistischen Zeiten der Stadt: zwei Werktätige in Arbeitskluft und mit Werkzeugen in den kräftigen Händen.
An das Rote Rathaus schließt sich das Nikolaiviertel an, die „Wiege“ Berlins . Kleine Geschäfte und Boutiquen, hübsche Restaurants und zahlreiche historische Details warten im Nikolaiviertel darauf, vom interessierten Spaziergänger entdeckt zu werden. Eine Skulptur erinnert an echte und erfundene Berliner Originale: den Eckensteher Nante, die Blumenfrau Jette und den Schusterjungen, nach dem ein Berliner Roggenbrötchen benannt wurde.
Im Zentrum sehen Sie die Nikolaikirche . Sie entstand um 1230 und ist dieälteste Kirche Berlins. Heute befindet sich das Museum für Stadtgeschichte Darin. Haben Sie das Nikolaiviertel bis an das Spreeufer durchquert, sehen Sie auf der gegenüberliegenden Seite den Marstall (Bauzeit: 1896 – 1901) vor sich. Dieses Gebäude beherbergte damals Pferde und Kutschen des Königs, heute ist die Berliner Stadtbibliothek darin untergebracht. An die Stadtbibliothek schließt sich der Palast der Republik der DDR an. An seiner Stelle befand sich vordem das Berliner Stadtschloß . Im Krieg stark beschädigt, wurde es in den 50er Jahren abgetragen. Es galt als das schönste Bauwerk des norddeutschen Barock. Bis jetzt streitet man sich über seinen Wiederaufbau oder den Erhalt des Palastes der Republik als historisches Zeugnis des Sozialismus. Vorbei am Palast und amDenkmal der Begründer des wissenschaftlichen Sozialismus Karl Marx und Friedrich Engels gelangen Sie zum Berliner Dom. Er wurde von 1894 – 1905 errichtet und diente als Gotteshaus für den deutschen Kaiser und seine Familie. Das prunkvoll gestaltete kaiserliche Treppenhaus , über das der Kaiser separat seinen Platz in der Kirche erreichen konnte und dieFürstengruft der Hohenzollern(preußische Dynastie) sind in der Kirche u.a. zu besichtigen.
Von den Domtreppen blicken Sie direkt auf den Lustgarten , der sich gerade in der Umgestaltung befindet, und auf das Alte Museum, das den Beginn der Museumsinsel markiert. 5 weltberühmte Museen stehen hier dicht beieinander: neben demAlten Museum die Nationalgalerie, das Neue Museum, das Bodemuseum und das Pergamonmuseum.
Vor dem Alten Museum zum Lustgarten hin steht eine große Granitschale , die 6m im Durchmesser mißt und aus einem einzigen großen Stein angefertigt wurde. Der Lustgarten
war in früheren Zeiten königlicher Gemüsegarten , in dem auf Geheiß Friedrich II. die ersten Kartoffeln in Preußen angebaut wurden.
Vom Lustgarten kommen Sie zur Schloßbrücke, die mit acht Marmorskulpturen Schinkels geschmückt ist. In der Friedrichwerderschen Kirche links von der Schlossbrücke befindet sich heute ein Museum mit Werken des berühmten Architekten und Künstlers Schinkel.
An der Schloßbrücke beginnt die berühmte Berliner Strasse"Unter den Linden".
Auf der rechten Seite steht das heutige Deutsche Historische Museum, das frühere Zeughaus , das Waffenarsenal das Königs (Bauzeit: 1695 – 1706). Architektonisch besonders wertvoll ist der Innenhof des Gebäudes, der mit 18 Masken sterbender Krieger geschmückt ist, die der Architekt und Bildhauer Andreas Schlüter Schuf. Mit Meisterschaft gestaltete er auf den Gesichtern der Krieger den verschiedenartigen Ausdruck von Schmerz und Leid im Angesicht des Todes.
An das Gebäude schließt sich die Neue Wache (1816 – 18) im Kastanienwäldchen an. In diesem ehemaligenAufenthaltsort für die Wachmannschaften des Königs befindet sich heute die Nationale Gedenkstätte für die Opfer von Krieg und Gewaltherrschaft.Hinter der Neuen Wache stehen das Palais am Festungsgraben, und das Maxim-Gorki-Theater . Das nächste Gebäude ist dieHumboldt-Universität zu Berlin, die 1810 gegründet wurde. Ursprünglich war es das Prinz-Heinrich Palais (Bruder Friedrich II.) und wurde von 1748 – 66 gebaut. Vor dem Portal des Gebäudes stehen die Denkmäler der Brüder Wilhelm und Alexander von Humboldt, die die Universität gründeten. Wenn Sie an der Universität die Strasse überqueren, kommen Sie vorbei am Denkmal Friedrich II ., der das historische Zentrum Berlins maßgeblich gestaltete.
Der sich gegenüber der Universität befindende Bebelplatz wird umschlossen von der Deutschen Staatsoper (1741 – 43), dem ersten freistehenden Theater Deutschlands, der Alten Bibliothek (wegen ihrer geschwungenen Fassade im Volksmund auch Kommode genannt), in der sich die früher die Preußische Staatsbibliothek befand und heute Unterrichtsräume der Humboldt-UniversitätUntergebracht sind und der katholischen
St. Hedwigs Kathedrale , die im Krieg zerstört wurde und jetzt moderne Innengestaltung aufweist.
Auf dem Bebelplatz verbrannten 1933 Faschisten die Bücher humanistischer Schriftsteller und Dichter. Daran erinnert heute eine Gedenktafel an der Fassade der Kommode und ein Denkmal mitten auf dem Platz. Durch ein Fenster im Boden schaut man in eine leere Bibliothek, Symbol für die Vernichtung von kulturellen Werten durch die Faschisten.
Verlassen Sie den Platz auf der Seite der St. Hedwigs – Kathedrale (1747 – 73), dann gelangen Sie zum Gendarmenmarkt, dem angeblich schönsten Platz Berlins. Im Zentrum sehen Sie das Konzerthaus, das frühere Schauspielhaus , in dem auch Schillers Stücke gespielt wurden.
Ein Denkmal von Friedrich Schillersoll vor dem Gebäude daran erinnern. Das auch im Inneren sehenswerte Haus wird flankiert vomDeutschen und Französischen Dom.Der letztere wurde für die zahlreichen Hugenotten errichtet, die zu Friedrich II. Zeiten aus Frankreich nach Deutschland kamen. Das Hugenottenmuseum am Dom erinnert an deren Geschichte. Vom Dom hat man einen schönen Blick auf das Zentrum der Hauptstadt. Allerdings muß man ihn zu Fuß ersteigen.
Kehrt man durch die Seitenstrassen zur Strasse „Unter den Linden“ zurück, kommt man vorbei an der Komischen Oper, einem weiteren bekannten Opern- und Operettentheater Berlins. Außerdem kommt man vorbei am"Galeries Lafayette" , einem francösischen Kaufhaus, dessen architektonische Besonderheit ein Großer Kegel in seinem Inneren ist, der sich über mehrere Etagen erstreckt.
Das Brandenburger Tor ist nun schon greifbar nahe. Vorbei an der Russischen Botschaft und am berühmten Hotel "Adlon" gelangen Sie auf den Pariser Platz und haben das Brandenburger Tor mit der Quadriga darauf direkt vor sich. 1788 – 93 gebaut, blickt das Bauwerk auf eine über 200jährige Geschichte zurück. Napoleon nahm die Quadriga als Zeichen des Sieges mit nach Paris. Im ersten Weltkrieg kehrte sie nach Berlin zurück.
28 Jahre trennte die Mauer hinter dem Brandenburger Tor Ostvon Westberlin, bevor 1989
die Grenze wieder geöffnet wurde. Seitdem finden alljährlich riesige Silvesterparties am Brandenburger Tor statt. Rechts hinter dem Brandenburger Tor steht der Deutsche Reichstag,
der von 1884 – 94 gebaut wurde. Nach dem spektakulären Reichstagsbrand 1933 ist er heute wieder aufgebaut und Sitz des Deutschen Bundestages. Hier endet unser Spaziergang.
Fill out the crossword according to the options:
Kreuzworträtsel (1 option)
- Platz mit fünf weltberühmten Museen
- Erstes freistehendes Theater in Deutschland
- Theater hinter der Neuen Wache
- Platz, auf dem 1933 Bücher verbrannt wurden
- Steht am Anfang der Museumsinsel
- Zweitälteste Kirche Berlins
- Ehemaliger Pferdestall des Königs
8.Ehemaliges Waffenarsenal des Königs
9.Nach einem russischen Zaren benannter Platz
10.Höchstes Bauwerk Berlins
Kreuzworträtsel (2nd option)
9. Haus für den Bundestag
10. nach ihm wurde der Alex benannt
Answers (1 option)
