VASILEOSTROVSKY DISTRICT, administrative-territorial unit of St. Petersburg with a total area of ​​2146.88 hectares.

(Territorial Administration on Bolshoi Ave. V.O., 55).

Formed within its current borders in 1917 (the western part in 1936-61 was an independent Sverdlovsk region), it covers the territory of Vasilyevsky Island (hence the name) and the Decembrist Islands. It is connected with the Central District by the Palace Bridge, with the Admiralteisky District - by the Lieutenant Schmidt Bridge, with the Petrogradsky District - by the Birzhev and Tuchkov Bridges.

Population Vasileostrovsky district 211,046 people (2016).

There are 5 municipalities within the Vasileostrovskiy district:
- Maritime District,
- municipal districts No. 7, No. 8, No. 9 and No. 11.

Until the middle of the 19th century, wooden buildings prevailed on the territory of the Vasileostrovsky district, in the area of ​​​​the Gavan and on the modern island. The Decembrists preserved vast swampy wastelands. At the end of the 19th - beginning of the 20th centuries. the eastern part of the district is completely built up, an industrial zone has been formed in the South-West. In 1911-13 in the western part of about. Golodai (now about. Dekabristov) was building a residential area " New Petersburg". In the 1950s, the territory of the Gavan and Dekabristov Island was built up. In the 1960s-80s, the territory was washed and new residential areas were created in the northwestern part of the district. The sea facade of the city was formed, important links of which were the Marine railway station and hotel "Pribaltiyskaya" In 2006, a new reclamation of territories began, which will change the modern appearance of the area from the side of the Gulf of Finland.

There are three metro stations on the territory of the Vasilyevsky district:
"Vasileostrovskaya", "Primorskaya" and Makarov Embankment with underpass under the river to the Sportivnaya station.

Main highways:
Bolshoy, Sredny and Maly avenues V.O., Nalichnaya st., st. Shipbuilders, Makarov embankment, University embankment and Lieutenant Schmidt embankment.

A large number of universities and research institutes are concentrated in the region:
St. Petersburg State University, Academic Institute of Painting, Sculpture and Architecture. I. E. Repina, Mining Institute them. G. V. Plekhanova, St. Petersburg Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Institute of Russian Literature (Pushkin House), Arctic and Antarctic Research Institute, State Optical Institute. S. I. Vavilova and others.

Among the objects of culture and leisure:
Naval Museum, Museum of Anthropology and Ethnography. Peter the Great (Kunstkamera), the Zoological Museum, the A. D. Menshikov Palace Museum, the Lenexpo exhibition complex, etc.

There are more than 40 industrial enterprises in the Vasileostrovskiy district:
Baltiysky z-d, Steel-rolling plant, plants "Sevkabel", "Electroapparat", plant named after. Kozitsky and others. The number of factories is declining. Part is transferred outside St. Petersburg, part goes bankrupt. In the liberated territories, there is a massive residential development with apartments and commercial real estate sold in the Benois real estate agency. Also, new buildings are being built in new alluvial territories.

Among the historical and cultural monuments under state protection are the Rostral Columns, the Exchange complex, the Twelve Colleges building, the Menshikov Palace, the building of the Academy of Arts, St. Andrew's Cathedral, the Rumyantsevsky obelisk, the pier with sphinxes in front of the Academy of Arts, the monument to I. F. Kruzenshtern, east. burials in Smolensk cemeteries, etc. In 2003, a monument to AD Sakharov was unveiled.

In the Vasileostrovsky district:
5 avenues
17 lanes
30 lines
21st street
3 passages
8 squares
8 embankments
1 duct

Vasilyevsky Island began to develop long before the emergence of Northern Palmyra. In the “Census salary book for Novgorod Votskaya Pyatina” of 1500, it is indicated that fishermen lived on Vasilyevsky Island, there were arable land.

As you know, Peter the First wanted to turn Vaska into the Venice of the North. For this, channels were dug, which were later filled up. Now the streets of Vasilyevsky Island, which are called lines, remind of these channels. On the lines of the Vasileostrovskiy district, realtors of the Benois agency sell a lot of apartments, rooms, commercial real estate

Vasileostrovsky district is the only one in St. Petersburg where all types of houses are represented:
old fund with overhaul and without capermontage with wooden floors, metal and reinforced concrete, Stalinist houses, kirovki, Khrushchev, Brezhnevka, 504 series, 600.11 series, 606 series, 137 series, 121 series, monolithic-brick, ships.
The BENOIS real estate agency provides services for the sale, purchase, rent, exchange, resettlement of apartments, rooms, houses, buildings, land plots, commercial real estate located in the Vasileostrovsky district of St. Petersburg and other areas of St. Petersburg and the Leningrad region.

The photo shows a night panorama of the spit of Vasilyevsky Island. On the right - Rostral columns with bowls-lamps. In the center is the Stock Exchange building, and on the left you can see the Palace Bridge. A composition familiar to everyone from a fifty-ruble banknote.

Eastern part of the historical center

Vasileostrovsky is one of the four central regions, standing on three islands - Vasilyevsky, Dekabristov and Serny, the first two are separated by the Smolenka River. The land connection of the Vasileostrovsky district with other districts of St. Petersburg is completely interrupted for several hours during the construction of bridges across the Neva.

The outlines of the area resemble a wedge, expanding towards the Harbor and the Gulf of Finland. The location of Vasilyevsky Island between the main water area of ​​the Neva and the exit to the island assigned him a special role in the development of St. Petersburg.

Story

The first news about Vasilyev Island appears in the Novgorod Census Book, dated 1500. At that time, fishermen lived on it, part of the land was plowed up. The Swedes, who captured the island in the 17th century, called it Dammarholm (Pond), the Finns called it in their own way - Hirvisaari (Moose). After the founding of St. Petersburg at the beginning of the XVIII century. the island again became known as Vasilyevsky, and Tsar Peter sent orders to the chief gunner of the battery, Vasily Korchmin, who stood on the arrow, addressing "Vasily to the island." That also contributed to the consolidation of the old name.

Vasilyevsky Island received a layout according to a specially drawn up project. From 1704 to 1714, it was owned by the Governor-General Prince Alexander Menshikov, and the clearing laid in the 1710s became the axial line of the project. from the Menshikov garden to the seaside - the future Bolshoy Prospekt. A rectangular network of streets diverges from it, in response to the desire of the king to build a regular city of the European type. And after three centuries, this layout makes it easy to navigate the neighborhoods.

The Menshikov estate was at first wooden, "in the Italian manner", and then a stone palace. By 1714, when its owner moved into a three-story house, it was the most high building in St. Petersburg. Tsar Peter received ambassadors in it, and Lucullus feasts were held in the Assembly Hall, where only beardless guests were allowed: this was what the king demanded. Today the Menshikov Palace Museum is a branch of the State Hermitage.

The cape, where the river divides into the Bolshaya and Malaya Neva, is called an arrow, this is one of the main architectural ensembles banks of the river. All the significant sights of the region and the island are located on the arrow. It was she who, according to the plan of 1717 by the French architect General-Architect Jean Leblon, was supposed to turn into an administrative, commercial and Cultural Center capital Cities. The arrow was intensively built up in the 1720-1730s. During the siege of Leningrad, there were three anti-aircraft batteries here: on the cape and at the Rostral columns.

One of the most remarkable surviving buildings of that time is the Kunstkamera (translated from German language- "chamber of arts"). It was difficult to build, one architect succeeded another, the already erected walls sagged, so much so that the building had to be dismantled. And the popularity of the built Kunstkamera among Petersburgers was extremely high, especially because of the collection of freaks preserved in jars. In 1741-1765. The great scientist Mikhail Lomonosov worked in the Kunstkamera, and his museum is also open here. The building was repeatedly rebuilt - especially its tower - both because of fires and at the whim of the reigning persons. The Kunstkamera suffered during the Great Patriotic War. Fragments of bombs and shells left many holes on its roof. Today it houses the Museum of Anthropology and Ethnography. Peter the Great RAS.

The boundaries of the Vasileostrovskiy district are the rivers Big Neva in the north and Malaya Neva in the south. Vasilyevsky Island is the largest in the Neva Delta. Its western side, facing the Gulf of Finland, is the central link of the "marine facade" of St. Petersburg. The eastern tip of the island - the arrow - is part of the panorama of the city center.

Many buildings of the district survived the second youth, when there was no need for their administrative functions and they turned into educational institutions and museums.

In 1783, the site to the west of the Kunstkamera was transferred to the Academy of Sciences, whose building, built by the architect Quarenghi, became a symbol of the classical style in the architecture of St. Petersburg. Academicians gathered in it for meetings until 1934, when the academy itself moved to Moscow. In 1925, in preparation for the celebration of the 200th anniversary of the Academy of Sciences on the upper platform front staircase placed the mosaic panel “Poltava battle”, created by Lomonosov in 1764. During the blockade of Leningrad during the Great Patriotic War, to protect against fragments of bombs and shells, the mosaic was sealed with gauze and laid brick wall until the lifting of the blockade in 1944.

On the western side of the arrow is the building of the Twelve Collegia. In 1718, Tsar Peter transformed the orders (administrative bodies of the Russian state) according to the Swedish model - into collegiums. According to the plan of the king, the building of the collegiums, by its very appearance, was supposed to inspire, if not fear, then respect and obedience to citizens. At the same time, it should be strictly functional, without frills, in the style of "Peter's baroque".

The structure consists of 12 identical buildings connected together - one for each collegium. Previously, the Senate was also located here, but since the center of the city didn’t work out that way on the arrow, the Senate and collegial ministries dispersed throughout St. Petersburg. In 1804, the Pedagogical Institute was organized, which in 1819 became the basis for St. Petersburg University, to which the building of the Twelve Collegia was transferred, where the university is still located.

Since 1733, a trading port was located in the northern part of the arrow, for the needs of which a wooden exchange building was built, and at the beginning of the 19th century. - stone, which has become the central part of the arrow ensemble. First they built according to the project of Quarenghi, then - de Thomon. Above the main entrance from the side of the Neva is the composition "Neptune with two rivers", presumably representing the Neva and the Volkhov. The stock exchange opened only in 1816: the war with Napoleon prevented it. After withdrawal trading port from the arrow, the stock exchange has lost its significance, and at present the building belongs to the State Hermitage.

The famous semicircular ledge of the arrow was made in 1804-1810, when work was underway to reorganize the entire cape, and it was originally intended for the front pier of the seaport. At the same time, Rostral columns appeared here, harmoniously blending into the overall ensemble and becoming an integral part of it. On holidays, resin was poured into the bowl at the top and set on fire; in our time, gas was brought here. The columns were badly damaged during the blockade from fragments, the fastening fittings rusted. In 1947-1948. they were replaced by copper copies.

In 1895, Birzhevoy Square was laid out on the cape, and in 1916 the spit was connected to the opposite bank of the Neva by the permanent Palace Bridge, which replaced the floating crossing and was named after the Winter Palace and Palace embankment. The city authorities demanded that a drawbridge be built not near the shore, like all city bridges of that time, but in the center of the channel. The divorced Palace Bridge, as if ready to soar on wings, has become the main element of the night panorama of St. Petersburg. On the first anniversary of the October Revolution of 1917, the Palace Bridge was renamed the Republican Bridge, and the former name was returned in January 1944, when the blockade was lifted.

Island - Harbor

Despite numerous changes and reconstructions, the island has managed to partially retain its original purpose and now accepts not only students from several large universities, but also large sea liners.

In 1788, the Academy of Arts was opened, founded on the initiative of Mikhail Lomonosov and the favorite of Empress Elizabeth Petrovna Ivan Shuvalov. The latter was a well-known philanthropist, it was he who proposed to establish a "special three most noble arts academy": painting, sculpture and architecture. In memory of the patron of the arts in the round courtyard educational institution, a sculpture of Count by Zurab Tsereteli was installed.

In 1832, opposite the Academy of Arts, a wide pier was built and it was decided to decorate it with bronze figures of horses with tamers by Pyotr Klodt.

However, the master demanded such a sum that it turned out to be cheaper to bring real sphinxes from Egyptian Thebes. Subsequently, the architect Montferrand proposed to enhance the effect of the place by building a huge statue of the god Osiris, but the idea was rejected by Emperor Nicholas I as “purely pagan”. During the siege of Leningrad, a protective canopy was built over the stone statues. And in the 1958-1960s. bronze griffins, lost in the 19th century, were restored. Sphinxes are another of the unofficial symbols of St. Petersburg.

The building of the Port Customs was erected in the 1820-1830s. on the site of the old buildings of customs services, built in the 1730s. Nicholas I personally made additions to the project of the architect Luchini. latest news, the emperor ordered to raise the tower and the dome: to monitor the arriving ships and organize an optical telegraph. The emperor, as it turned out, was also characterized by a sense of harmony: the customs tower completed the symmetrical composition of the arrow of Vasilyevsky Island, located directly on the opposite side of the Kunstkamera tower. Since 1927, the Institute of Russian Literature of the Russian Academy of Sciences (“Pushkin House”) and Literary Museum. The god of commerce Mercury, the god of the seas Neptune and the goddess of prosperity and well-being Ceres depicted on the pediment of the building are reminiscent of the customs past.

Simultaneously with the development of the main part of the island, a separate region was formed on the spit, on its western, sea coast. Here, back in 1722, the Galley Harbor was dug to enter The Gulf of Finland, in the 1740s. - Rowing shipyard. Today, the area is simply called the Harbor.

Only by the 1830s. The first tenement houses appeared on Vasilyevsky Island. Since the 1880s port services began to move to Kronstadt and Gutuevsky Island (now the Kirov District). Ministerial and financial organizations remained on Vasilyevsky for some time, and then educational institutions began to predominate.

Defeat of Russia in the Crimean War of 1853-1856. showed that Russia will retain the status of a great maritime power if it reorganizes the Navy. So, in the south of Vasilyevsky Island in 1856, a huge plant was founded, which became the flagship of domestic shipbuilding. At first, it was called by the name of the founders of the Carr and McPherson Plant, then - Baltic.

Over time, numerous houses for factory workers appeared on undeveloped sections of the islands. And in 1905, the longest and hottest barricade battles took place here. During the blockade of Leningrad, Vasilyevsky Island was subjected to shelling and bombing. Many houses, especially in the Harbor, were destroyed.

In the early 1960s Vasilyevsky Island partly regained its role as a sea and river port when the berths of the Marine Passenger Station were built in the Harbor. And on the Shkiperskaya channel, at the exit to the Neva Bay, and from there to the open sea, the crowns were frozen as a mute reminder of the glorious times of Peter the Great: the guard buildings of the Rowing Port.

general information

The historical district of St. Petersburg on the islands in the Neva delta.
Status of Saint Petersburg : subject of the Russian Federation - a city of federal significance.
Administrative division of Vasileostrovsky District : 5 municipal districts (7th municipal, Vasilyevsky, Gavan, Morskoy, Island of the Decembrists).
The city was founded: 1703
District established: 1994
Language: Russian.
Ethnic composition : Russians, Ukrainians, Belarusians, Tatars, Jews and many others (the total number of nationalities in St. Petersburg in 2010 is more than 200).
Religions: Orthodoxy, Islam, Judaism.
Currency unit : Russian ruble.
Rivers: Bolshaya Neva, Malaya Neva, Smolenka.
Airport: Pulkovo (international).
Neighboring areas and water areas : in the north and northeast - Petrogradsky, in the east - Central, in the southeast -, in the south and west - Neva Bay of the Gulf of Finland.

Numbers

Square: 21.45 km2.
Islands: Vasilyevsky - 10.9 km 2, Dekabristov - 3.71 km 2 and Serny - 0.03 km 2.
Population: 208 734 people (2016).
Population density : 9731.2 people / km 2.
The most high point : 3.5 m.
The most low point : 0 m, river Bolshaya Neva.
Total number of buildings : 1911 (of which built before 1917 - 812).
Total length of streets : 86.9 km.
Building of the Twelve Collegia : total length - 399 m.
Rostral columns : height - 32 m.
Palace Bridge: length - 260.1 m, width - 27.75 m, mass of counterweights of the adjustable mechanism - 2800 tons.

Climate and weather

Temperate, maritime. Wet and short summers, long, relatively cold and wet winters.
January average temperature : -5.5°C.
July average temperature : +18.8°С.
Average annual rainfall : 660 mm.
Average annual relative humidity : 78%.

Economy

Industry: shipbuilding, machine-building, electronic, instrument-making, food.
Services sector: tourism, transport, trade, financial, telecommunications, educational, medical.

Attractions

historical

• Menshikov Palace (1710-1720s)
• Kunstkamera (1718-1728)
• Twelve Colleges (1722-1742)
• Academy of Arts (1764-1788)
• Academy of Sciences (1783-1789)
• Andreevsky market (1789-1790; restored in 1954-1959)
• Exchange (State Hermitage Museum, 1805-1816)
• Rostral columns (1805-1810)
• Sphinxes (1834) and griffins (1834, restored 1958-1960) on University Embankment
• Baltic Factory (1856)
• Palace Bridge (1912-1916)

Separate buildings and structures

• Naval Cadet Corps (1796-1799)
• House of Academicians (1806-1808)
• Mining Institute (1806-1811)
• Novobirzhevoy Gostiny Dvor (beginning of the 19th century)
• Northern warehouse (1826-1828)
• Customs Building (Pushkin House, 1829-1832)
• Southern Warehouse (Zoological Music, 1826-1832; 1910-1915)
• Annunciation Bridge (1855, rebuilt 1936-1938)
• Brusnitsyn Mansion (1884)
• Dr. Pel's Pharmacy and Griffin Tower (19th century)
• Palace of Culture. Sergei Kirov (1931-1937)
• Sea passage, station (1982)

Cultural

• Museum of the Russian Academy of Arts (1757)
• Geological Exploration Museum. Feodosia Chernysheva (1882)
• Central Museum of Soil Science. Vasily Dokuchaev (1904)
• Museum Archive of Dmitri Mendeleev (1911)
• Museum-apartment of Arkhip Kuindzhi
• Museum of the History of St. Petersburg State University (1945)
• Museum-apartment of Ivan Pavlov (1949)
• Erarta Museum of Contemporary Art (2010)

monuments

• Obelisk "Rumyantsev to victories" (1799)
• Ivan Kruzenshtern (1870-1873)
• Mikhail Lomonosov (1986)

squares

• Exchange
• Baltic Jung
• Rumyantsevskaya

Cult

• Church of the Three Hierarchs (1745) and the Annunciation of the Blessed Virgin Mary (1750-1765)
• Cathedral of St. Andrew Equal-to-the-Apostles (1764-1786)
• Lutheran Church of St. Catherine (1768-1771)
• Church of St. Catherine the Great Martyr (1811-1823)
• Church of the Icon of the Mother of God "Joy of All Who Sorrow" (1817-1818) and the Assumption of the Blessed Virgin Mary (1895)

Streets

• Shipbuilders (2.8 km)
• Cash (3.25 km)

Brochures

• Bolshoi (3.4 km)
• Medium (2.9 km)
• Small (2.9 km)

Channel

• skipper

Embankments

• Lieutenant Schmidt
• Makarova
• Maritime
• University

Gardens

• Academic
• Exchange square
• Botanical Garden of St. Petersburg State University
• Blagoveshchensky
• "Vasileostrovets"
• Vera Slutskaya
• Decembrists
• Kamsky
• Opochinsky
• Rumyantsevsky
• Square "Small Gavantsy"
• skipper

Cemetery

• Smolensk Lutheran

Curious facts

• The name of Vasilyevsky Island probably came from the name of one of the Novgorod posadniks Vasily Selezny, Vasily Kazimir or Vasily Ananin. There is also a version that it was simply the name of a local fisherman. The name Vasily in the 15th-16th centuries, when the island was first mentioned in writing, was the most common in Novgorod.
• According to legend, the reason that prompted Tsar Peter to found the Kunstkamera was two pine trees that the Tsar saw while walking around Vasilyevsky Island. The branch of one of them grew into the trunk of the other, and it was impossible to determine which of the two pines it belonged to. The tsar was so amazed by the find that he ordered to continue to collect such rarities, and for them to build the building of the first museum in Russia - the Kunstkamera.
• One of the most famous exhibits of the Kunstkamera is a globe with a diameter of 3.1 m and a weight of 3.5 tons, created in 1664 by order of the Duke of Gottorp. Inside the globe is a small planetarium. In 1713, the Gottorp globe was given to Russia as a "gift of friendship", it was carried by sea and land for three years, in 1717 it arrived in St. Petersburg and in 1725 was installed in the building of the Kunstkamera. The installation required architects, craftsmen, 100 workers and 25 carpenters who built a platform on which the globe was rolled into the Circular Hall of the third floor in 1726. In 1901, the globe was moved to the Admiralty of Tsarskoye Selo, from where it was taken out by the Germans during the occupation, and in 1942-1947 was in Germany. In 1948 it was returned to the Soviet Union and housed in the newly rebuilt tower of the Kunstkamera.
• The name of the Rostral Columns comes from the rostra: a battering ram that decorated them with a metal tip in the bow of a warship of the Ancient Roman era, used to make holes in the hull of an enemy ship. It is named so because of its characteristic shape and is translated from Latin as "beak". The ancient Romans introduced the custom of building such columns to commemorate victories at sea.
• The celebration on the occasion of the opening of the Palace Bridge in 1916 turned out to be very modest. The royal family refused to participate in the ceremony: there were heavy battles on the fronts of the First World War, and just a week before the opening, the favorite of the court, Grigory Rasputin, was killed. And instead of the mayor, his deputy cut the ribbon.
• The island of the Decembrists was originally called Goloday: either from the Swedish "halaua" - willow, or from the name of the English doctor Thomas Halliday, who owned a piece of land here in the 18th century. The current name was given to the island in the 1920s: presumably, the bodies of the executed leaders of the Decembrist uprising were buried here.
• The Naval Cadet Corps in Soviet times was called the Higher Naval School. Mikhail Frunze. Currently it is the Naval Corps of Peter the Great. This educational institution is associated with the names of its students - navigators and naval commanders, figures of Russian science and art: Fedor Ushakov, Pavel Nakhimov, Ivan Kruzenshtern, Faddey Bellingshausen.
• St. Petersburg University alumni included three leaders of Russia with diametrically opposed views on state administration: Alexander Kerensky, head of the Provisional Government in 1917, Vladimir Lenin, founder of the Soviet state, and current president, Vladimir Putin.
• The sphinxes currently on the University Embankment were found in 1820 during excavations in Thebes. They were made in the 14th century. BC e. from Aswan granite, ancient sculptors gave their faces the appearance of Pharaoh Amenhotep III. Rarities dealers brought them to Alexandria and put them up for sale. At first, the French government wanted to buy sphinxes to decorate the Parisian boulevards, but lost to Russia for a mind-boggling sum of 64 thousand rubles. The beards of the sphinxes were recaptured shortly after the death of the pharaoh, and the hieroglyphic inscription on the chest between the paws and around the plate lists his titles.
• With the beginning of the blockade of Leningrad, in 1941, a hospital was opened at the Academy of Arts, students and staff together guarded the building and the valuables stored here. In December 1941, the next defense of theses took place, to which about 60 people were admitted, many of them were specially called from the front.
• In 1862, the gunboat "Experience" was built at the Baltic Shipyard - the first domestic metal ship.
• In 1866 - the first domestic submarine designer Aleksandrovsky. In 1871 - the first Russian battleship "Admiral Lazarev". In 1903, the Dolphin submarine (destroyer No. 150) was launched at the Baltic Shipyard - the first Russian submarine officially included in the lists of ships of the Russian fleet.
• The name of the Sulfur Island is associated with the buildings built on it in the 19th century. large warehouses of lime and sulfur: a remote place was found for such dangerous materials. Now there are no warehouses here, but the name has been preserved.
• The area of ​​green spaces in the district is 1.18 km2, of which 0.51 km2 is cemeteries.
• Vasilyevsky Island was considered a German settlement, especially many Germans lived here - craftsmen invited to work in Russia. The life of the settlement is wonderfully described in the story of the Russian writer Nikolai Leskov "The Islanders".
• Only three palaces have survived from the time of Peter the Great in St. Petersburg: Menshikovsky, Summer and Monplaisir.
• One of the most unusual buildings in the area is the Griffin Tower, which is located in the courtyard of a house called Dr. Pel's Pharmacy. A thick brick column 11 m high resembles a watchtower, but in the original it was just a chimney of a stoker at the chemist's chemical laboratory.

For more than ten years, in the western part of Vasilyevsky Island in St. Petersburg, the Sea Façade project has been implemented - an area of ​​476 hectares in the Gulf of Finland is being washed. Among other things, various developers are building residential complexes on "artificial land". Part of one of them - LCD "Svetly Mir "I'm a Romantic"" - was settled in 2017.

Construction on alluvium - in the active phase. The construction of "Romance" and residential complex business class Golden City continues; in the fall, they promise to finally put into operation the long-term construction “Captain Nemo”. And recently it became known that LSR Group - the largest player in the construction market of St. Petersburg - will build here half a million square meters of comfort-class housing.

The first tenants of the alluvium live in economy class apartments. Many of them preferred "life closer to the center" in "beautiful houses" overlooking the bay to alternative options in Devyatkino and Kudrovo, where relatively inexpensive studios and kopeck pieces are also being actively built. There are several thousand residents - in total, the developer, Seven Suns Development, handed over the keys to 2.6 thousand apartments to buyers. In the process, there was a scandal: several equity holders could not move into "I'm a Romantic", according to them - because they expressed dissatisfaction with the quality of the building in the media. Recently, the district Investigative Committee opened a criminal case on fraud.

But most residents have other concerns. What to do about noise from the Western High Speed ​​Diameter? What if your address is not in the navigator of taxi drivers? Why is there only a stall with alcohol and not a single good grocery store within walking distance? How to save yourself from the sand that is everywhere: in porches, hallways and almost in refrigerators? We talked about these and other aspects of everyday life with the first residents of the alluvium. And at the same time they were asked about the benefits of living in an artificial territory.

Alluvium of Vasilyevsky Island

Square- about 476 hectares

Main investor- CJSC "Terra Nova"

Start of implementation- 2006

Above the WHSD

Part of the facades of the residential complex overlooks the highway, which was launched shortly before the settlement of the first houses on the alluvium. If on Kanonersky Island the WHSD is overhead, then on Vasilyevsky Island it makes noise underfoot. Approaching the alluvium, you see a futuristic structure growing out of the ground: lighting poles similar to horns, and houses above them. At night, the supports glow - as do the decorative elements in the form of sails on the residential complex. From the Primorsky district, the Lakhta Center responds with solemn illumination - another new attraction, which is especially well visible from the alluvium.

“When I bought an apartment here, I knew that there would be a WHSD nearby. Moreover, I compared it with a residential complex in Devyatkino, next to which the highway also passes. But here I expected that they would install noise screens. They were on projects. I thought: well, there will be a little noise, everything is fine. However, I ran into problems, - says the "I am a romantic" tenant, who wished to remain anonymous. - The screens were somehow canceled, and at the final stage of construction they were not. And another problem is the lack of ventilation in the apartment. The peculiarity of the layout of my apartment is such that all the windows overlook the loggia. In order for me to have ventilation, I have to open all the windows and the loggia itself - and the apartment is noisy and cold 24 hours a day. If I close the windows, it will be fine, but there will be no ventilation, and this is impossible for health. The noise is very disturbing. I have a corner apartment in the third building - the sound just accumulates in the corner, starting from the fifth floor (in the apartments below it - no). The noise level is clearly too high, but we have not done an examination yet - we are going to.

The WHSD problem is not relevant for all residents of the alluvium. “We knew that there would be a WHSD nearby, but the windows of the apartment face the other side, so there is no noise at all. The road itself does not interfere with anything, it is comfortable. In the summer, we missed the bridges from the center several times and had to go through the WHSD, but the trip was quite expensive. But going to the airport is a pleasure,” says Elvira Lozbenyova.

"Nice sleeping bag"

“Some people say that their ears are blocked from this noise, but it seems to me that it is not so strong,” Alina, a resident of the new building, opens the window. A monotonous rumble bursts into a quiet one-room apartment on the eighth floor - like in a liner gaining altitude. “Well, WHSD and WHSD. Imagine how people in Moscow live above garden ring- it's even noisier there. It’s easier to get used to this noise than to the sounds of eternal construction from the other side.”

Alina is a student at St. Petersburg State University. According to the observations of her and our other interlocutors, in "Romance" there are generally a lot of students, as well as young families - a category of residents typical of new microdistricts. There are also quite a few older people here. Lots of tenants. At CYAN, prices start at 24 thousand rubles per month for a studio, but you can rent it cheaper. “I’m renting a euro-dvushka for 23,000 plus utilities,” said Katerina Sergeeva, a resident of the residential complex. Utility payments, according to Alina, for her 40 square meters are 1.5 thousand rubles a month: “But we still do not count electricity and water. We pay for the services of the management company.

In the front door, where Alina lives, the doors are open: the intercom has recently been broken. In the elevator, the temporary wood panels are covered in writing. But it’s cozy in the yards: the residents of the first floors are equipping verandas; children and adults swing in hammocks. The first trees have just been planted on the territory of the residential complex: “rosemary and purple willows, smooth elms, large-sized pines (common and mountain “Pumilio”) and blue spruce “Hupsi” with a height of more than 2.5 meters,” the developer lists in a press release.

Alina is from Naro-Fominsk. Until a recent move to the alluvium, she lived very close - in the hostel of the university on Shipbuilders: now she sees him from the window of the new building. I bought an apartment in 2015 - it cost about 72 thousand rubles per meter, with finishing. Alina eventually sold the kitchen “from the developer”. The student did not consider options in other districts: the new residential complex with inexpensive apartments is located in an area she knows and is relatively close to the faculty.

Alina gets to the faculty in half an hour. There are no stops near the residential complex - you need to go along footbridge over the WHSD and then get to the 158th bus, which runs every half an hour, or look for a minibus. Drivers of minibuses plying between the Primorskaya metro station and the Pribaltiyskaya hotel seem to be unaware of the new lands: “Alluvium? What alluvion?

Some taxi drivers and delivery services also did not have time to get used to the phantom in the navigator. “A typical situation: we order a car from the metro to the house, and the navigator takes us through the WHSD and offers to get off right in the middle of the road. You have to order a taxi to the Sea Embankment, ”says Elvira Lozbenyova, a resident of the residential complex. “In the applications, I choose the tariff “by the meter” and tell the taxi driver where to go. It turns out much cheaper this way, ”adds Katerina Sergeeva.

Sometimes you have to go "to the bakery by taxi" - there are only two stalls from the nearest shops: one - with fruit, the second - "with alcohol and toilet paper," says Alina. “I hope no one will buy anything in it, so that it closes and we do something like“ Boucher ”.”

Another natural feature of the alluvium is a strong penetrating wind. But Alina got used to it even “on the Ships”: “Two days ago I bought myself a hat. I have threads - then I will knit another one, thicker. But after 600 meters - the same thing. If you buy a jacket, then you take it with a hood, but you don’t consider options without it. That's the difference."

Wind and dust. Alina's hallway is trodden: we walked along the alluvium and, without noticing, brought sand on the soles. The owner of the apartment explains: “Sand is everywhere. People say that it even goes into refrigerators.”

Someone is talking outside the door. Start drilling from above. Alina says that this is not a typical situation: “Usually one of the soloists of the Mariinsky Theater is singing somewhere below, these are all sounds. It's calm and quiet here. The territory is beautiful. Good yard. Neighbors are normal. Close to the center - I don't feel like I live in the back alleys. It's a nice sleeping bag."

What residents say

Elvira Lozbeneva

“On April 1, we moved to a new apartment with all our belongings. Of course, there is a problem with the infrastructure on Vasilyevsky Island: not a single large shopping center, one cinema and one large hypermarket (“Lenta”). Now, when I come to Mega Dybenko, I look a little with envy at the people who live in Kudrovo, who carry packages from Auchan or Ikea - just like that, on foot, because their house is across the street. In fairness, it should be said that we have been ordering products through O'Key delivery for a long time, and we prefer shopping in online stores or during outings abroad.

It is also not very clear to me why the city cannot make a road for us - Vadim Shefner Street. After all, they knew that houses were being built here, that 5,000 people would live here. It was possible to plan the time and budget for these roads. Or negotiate with the developer to build it, he quickly succeeds: the road to the bridge across the WHSD and the bridge itself were done literally in one day.

The apartments were built with turnkey finishing - even with furniture and some appliances. Thanks to this, our house is now not on the ears due to repairs. We didn’t do noisy work at all, except for moving a couple of sockets and installing hanging furniture. I think many do the same. Despite the fact that the quality of the “gift” repair is low (and in some places very low), it is still better than four bare walls. You can move in and live, slowly changing something.

The sound is good in the house. Especially in the bathroom, because there are thin partitions between apartments. It feels like a neighbor couple is talking to me through the wall, even though they're just talking to each other.

I am very glad that we have a yard without cars. This is the best thing that can happen to any residential area. Currently, only trucks delivering large goods are allowed to enter the territory of the complex. Sometimes cars also pass, but there is a time limit for them - it seems, no more than 30 minutes. The entrance to the residential complex is single, there are a barrier and a person who manages it.

I'm also just delighted with the yard and in general appearance quarter. Swings, hammocks, many benches, everything is wooden, eco-friendly, stylish. Bicycle paths, illuminated decorative pools, beautiful landscaping. The whole quarter is fully lit at night, walking is not scary.

Living next to the Gulf of Finland is a real thrill. In the summer we often grilled meat by the water. Sometimes you leave the house - and smells of the sea. And generally fresh. There is wind, yes. But I love the fresh breeze. There is a lot of sand - either from the wind, or from a construction site nearby. Windows and window sills quickly become covered with dirt. But these are trifles.

Next to us is the port, beautiful liners stop there. There were a lot of people in our block in the summer Chinese tourists: I think they were taken here on excursions.

Another feature of life on the alluvium is the hatred of all the other inhabitants of Vasilyevsky Island. In the VKontakte group, we and our houses are called the last words. They can be understood: the embankment and the view of the bay were taken away from them, but it is worth recalling that a good half of the island was once also washed up. The city grows and develops - this is an inevitable process. In addition, when the territory is washed to the end, a beautiful well-maintained embankment will appear for the inhabitants of the island, even with a public beach (before, there were just rebars lying around and no one really walked).”

Resident (anonymous)

“I have been choosing a residential complex for a long time. I wanted to live near the center, in an area with good transport accessibility. There was also the issue of price. When I bought an apartment in 2015, they promised to build the Marine Façade metro station next to the residential complex. But now the build date has been pushed back. (The timing of the construction of the station is unknown. - Approx. ed.).

Now I rate the local infrastructure at two or three. I work in the center - these are three stations from Primorskaya, the journey takes 50-55 minutes, of which 20-25 minutes are to the metro. Shops are bad too. There are two supermarkets nearby, but that's about it. I would like to have a normal shopping mall. Sometimes you have to go to Lenta - this is also inconvenient, since you need to carry the packages in your hands. It would be easier with a car.

But there are many pluses as well. This is a new area, there will be no problems with laying communications. The territory itself is very beautiful, it is pleasant to be here, to walk. The interior landscaping is well done. If the territory, as promised, is closed and video surveillance is done, it will be generally wonderful.

We have excellent relations with our neighbors, we solve problems together. Four times went out on subbotniks. Now the question arose about cadastral registration - together we are studying the documentation.

Katerina Sergeeva

“I have been living on Vasilyevsky Island for about eight years, and until now all the apartments were in the old fund. When the need arose to rent another apartment, friends recommended to take a closer look at the residential complex “I am a romantic”. It was December 2016. The idea to live right by the water inspired me, the winds didn’t frighten me, I was familiar with the area. My friends rented an apartment downstairs and we moved in mid-April. Before that, none of us lived in new buildings, and we did not know what to expect. We loved the minimalistic design and of course that everything is new and fresh.

At the very beginning, I cursed everything, because the residential complex around the perimeter was closed, and it was possible to enter only through the main entrance. It's exactly diagonally across from my body. It took me about 20 minutes to get to the stop public transport. About three weeks after the move, the door was opened at my building, and I was able to go directly to the bus stop in five to seven minutes.

On warm days, I ride my bike to work (about 12 kilometers), it takes about 40 minutes. Sometimes I fasten my bike to the fence - the lack of bike parking causes a lot of inconvenience. There is a minibus from Shipbuilders to the office. The journey from door to door takes about 50 minutes. My colleagues who live in Devyatkino spend about the same amount on the road. But I'm on the island! The most unpleasant thing is to come home late from the center. The last minibus from the metro leaves at 11 pm. All the rest ground transport goes to Shipbuilders. The 11th trolleybus and the 7th bus from Nevsky are taken by an excursion route: a long drive is not the right word.

When I first came here, very few people lived here. I felt like I was in a horror movie. The wind howls, no one around, April, darkness. The elevator didn’t work yet and sometimes it was scary, and sometimes it was fun to go up from the 18th floor with some neighbor and grunt that it’s not clear which floor I’m on, there’s no numbering on the walls. Now I live almost alone on the floor. Occasionally I wake up with the first perforators. And if we talk about those people whom I meet on the territory, in the elevator or section, then basically they are polite and friendly. I like my neighbors in the LCD.

What the expert says

Alexander Karpov

director of the center of expertise ECOM

“A reasonable period when one can calmly predict the “maturation” of this region is 30 years. Then everything will be really good on the alluvium.

Today, I see three main, interconnected problems. The first is that the alluvium as a construction site has not yet been commissioned and accepted. From my point of view, the city cannot build anything on it - neither roads nor social infrastructure. And this situation of incompleteness will slow down decisions on the allocation of funds from the city budget for a very long time.

The fact that LSR bought out 34 hectares in the southern part of the alluvium is an absolute plus for those who have already settled there. I suspect that LSR entered this territory for a reason, but by agreement with the city authorities, and the company will build social infrastructure at its own expense (but then the question will arise whether it will be transferred to the city). But when I tried to clarify the situation with whether LSR would also take over transport infrastructure, the answer was an expressive silence. Most likely, the roads in this area will be bad for a very long time.

A separate story concerns commerce (goods and services). How will merchants “enter” the unfinished territory and be able to connect the necessary capacities - electricity, sewerage? And another point: they will come when there is enough population to ensure the flow. In my opinion, more or less large-scale trade should be expected after the commissioning of at least five more houses.

Finally, the unfinished alluvium worries me from the point of view of the speed of soil stabilization. If the embankment was done as it should, that's one thing. But now it is actually a huge beach - and the mobility of the soil will be like on the beach. Yes, it's not a problem to build a house on the beach, but it means additional operating costs. I am not ready to predict catastrophic scenarios: after all, construction technologies today are not the same as in the last century. But residents may have to deal with additional hassle - associated, for example, with cracks in the house.

Vasileostrovsky district - one of the oldest districts of St. Petersburg, located between the Gulf of Finland and the two main branches of the Neva delta - Bolshaya and Malaya Neva, occupies two big islands: Vasilyevsky and the island of the Decembrists, separated by the Smolenka River. West Coast both islands protrude in a wide arc into the waters of the Neva Bay.

The uniqueness of the Vasileostrovsky district lies in its island status - it is completely located on one island (in fact, it is hardly possible to consider the island of the Decembrists and small islands separated by small rivers as something separate) and has only water borders with other areas of the city.

Vasileostrovsky district belongs to the four central districts of the city. In addition to it, they include: Petrogradsky, Admiralteysky and the Central regions proper.

The area is a kind of reserve, which presents all types of urban formations from the founding of St. Petersburg to the recent mass development.

I. District boundaries

It has no land borders.

The border of the Vasileostrovsky district with the Petrogradsky district runs along the axis of the Malaya Neva River.

The border of the Vasileostrovsky district with the Central and Admiralteysky districts runs along the axis of the Bolshaya Neva River.

II. Square

The area of ​​the district is 1.8 thousand hectares. The area of ​​green spaces is 410 hectares, of which 300 hectares are cemeteries. Rumyantsevsky, Opochinsky and Skippersky gardens, two small parks and small courtyard squares.

The total length of the streets is 90 km.

The area of ​​the road surface is 198 hectares.

III. Territorial division of the district

The territory of the district includes two large islands, separated by a small river Smolenka: Vasilyevsky and Dekabristov (Golodai), as well as a small North Island.

The development of Vasilyevsky Island began several centuries before the emergence of the Northern capital. According to the "Census Salary Book for Novgorod Votskaya Pyatina" of 1500, fishermen lived on Vasilyevsky Island, there were arable land.

Vasileostrovsky district - the oldest district of St. Petersburg; it was conceived by Peter I as the center of the capital. It was supposed to house government and administrative offices, as well as a port. However, the plan to create an isolated center on Vasilievsky Island turned out to be unviable and was not implemented.

Domenico Trezzini has been planning the island since 1715. Three main highways were laid from east to west - Bolshoi, Sredny and Maly avenues. They were crossed at right angles by streets - lines along which the construction of water canals began (similar to the canals of Amsterdam). However, these expensive works were not completed due to their inexpediency, the open channels were later filled up; lines-channels turned into lines-streets.

The eastern part of Vasilyevsky Island, inhabited in the first decades of the 18th century, is part of the historical core of St. Petersburg. The settlement took place along the lines from the Bolshaya Neva. The territory of the island up to about the 13th line was built up by the middle of the 18th century, and up to the 25th line - by the end of the century; further to the west there was a swampy area, which was mastered by the end of the 18th century. In the extreme southwest of the island, there was Galernaya Harbor and Chekushi, where tanneries, distilleries and other factories were built in the 1780s.

The recognition of the island as uninhabitable led to the organization of a business center on its eastern tip. Gradually, a whole complex of administrative buildings was formed on Vasilyevsky, including the university, the buildings of the Stock Exchange, the Twelve Colleges, the Academy of Sciences, the Kunstkamera, the Mining Institute, the Academy of Arts, the Marine Corps and many others.

Thus, the entire territory of the Strelka up to the Congress line became a non-residential, administrative territory. Up to the 6th line, pawnshops, small warehouses, shops were built to meet the needs of the business part.

In parallel with the development of the eastern part of Vasilyevsky Island as an industrial zone, its southwestern part and the northeastern part of the Decembrists Island were actively built up. These zones, formed due to their convenient location near waterways, still exist today.

Attention should be paid to the fact that the land on Vasilyevsky Island was valued in the pre-revolutionary period much lower than in the then prestigious areas of the city: Palace Square and Nevsky Prospekt, English Embankment, etc. The inhabitants of the area were very poor people. For this, inexpensive apartment buildings were built. By the end of the 20th century, most of the buildings of the old fund fell into complete disrepair and are now in disrepair. An insignificant exception to the general rule are, perhaps, several merchant mansions located on the lines closest to Strelka.

It is necessary to make a clarification defining the special status of V.O. University students and teachers, brokers and officials, petty employees, novice or failed artists and sculptors settled here. Moving to a higher social level, they immediately moved to the other side of the Neva. The majority remained at V.O. and lived there from generation to generation.

The modern construction of most of Vasilyevsky Island was formed in the second half of the 19th - early 20th centuries, but the coastal territory (Harbour) and Golodai Island were built up only after the revolution, mainly in the post-war years.

In the 1960s and 1970s, large-scale construction began on the western part of Vasilyevsky Island and Goloday Island. Here, on the coastal territory, about 350 hectares are washed up with soil taken from the bottom of the bay, on which large residential areas are built. Instead of the old, backfilled bed of the Smolenka River, a new straight line was dug and a granite-lined embankment was created along it - an esplanade, 2 kilometers long, overlooking the sea.

IV. Population

The population of the district - according to the results of the 2002 census, 202,650 inhabitants live in the district.

About a quarter (25%) of the working population is employed in industry. Children and teenagers make up 16%, people of working age - 58%, pensioners - 26%.

V. Transport

There is a marine passenger terminal on the territory of the district.

Transport accessibility most strongly forms the "island" mentality of the inhabitants of VO. The presence of two metro stations here somewhat reduces the isolation from the rest of the city, but the surface municipal transport leaves much to be desired. The main land transport is minibuses, however, as elsewhere in the city. Roads are in a state of constant repair. As a result, motorists have to jump over potholes in narrow streets before reaching one of the four bridges leading to other parts of the city. The transport network of the region is working at its limit, and there are few reserves for its development. Attempts are currently being made to remove the tram from some streets, but this is causing a negative reaction from residents using this mode of transport. And the laying of the Western High-Speed ​​Diameter along the bay, tentatively on alluvial lands, is a very distant prospect, which will affect only the very edge of the island.

The district is connected with the city in fact at one point: through the Palace Bridge.

a) Metro stations:
Nevsko-Vasileostrovskaya line (3) - "Vasileostrovskaya", "Primorskaya";

b) Main transport routes:
in the historical part of the district: Bolshoi, Sredny and Maly avenues;
in the area of ​​new buildings: KIM avenue, Nakhimov street, Zheleznovodskaya street, Shkipersky protok.

c) Communication with other areas of the city:
Vasileostrovsky - Admiralteysky - Lieutenant Schmidt Bridge and Palace Bridge.

Admiralteisky - Petrogradsky - Bridges of Builders and Tuchkov.

VI. Ecology of the area

Atmospheric air pollution in the region is uneven. The enterprises provide 11.6% of the city's 475 tons of xylene. The concentration of NO2 in the area exceeds the norm by 2-3 times. The cleanest air on Vasilyevsky Island is in the western and northwestern sectors (facing the Gulf of Finland), with the exception of a kilometer square bounded by the Smolenka River from the north - st. Nakhimov from the south - st. Shipbuilders from the west - st. Cash from the east.

Soil pollution is intense and very intense. According to some indicators, the excess of MPC is 30 times or more.

From the point of view of the radiation situation, the background is within the normal range, in the northern and eastern sectors of the island - at the permissible limit - 12 μR / h (the norm is 8-9, maximum - 13 μR / h), with the exception of "spots" in the area Skipper channel and Galley harbor.

The noisiest highway on Vasilyevsky Island is Bolshoy Prospekt, which, nevertheless, is one of the greenest avenues in the city.

Climatic conditions for permanent residence are not very good. Frequent floods, constant winds, high humidity are a constant threat to health. The general ecological situation on Vasilyevsky Island is worse than is permissible according to sanitary and hygienic standards.

VII. Housing stock

Only 4.5% of the total number of apartments in St. Petersburg is located in the district, which is approximately 65,000 apartments located in about 1200 houses. The composition of the housing stock is diverse and includes almost all types of housing.

The settlement and development of the Vasileostrovsky district began at the beginning of the 18th century. The decree of 1719 prescribed the obligatory construction of embankments with grand stone houses. This front building of the coastal edge in that early period led to the further formation of the city center around the remarkable beauty and grandiose scale of the water panorama of the Neva. The inner territory of the island was built up with rich houses frontally to the street. The buildings were built according to the standard drawings of the architect Domenico Trezzini. Nevertheless, settlement and development, due to the isolation of the island, proceeded slowly. In 1762, the line separating the center of the city on the island ran along the 13th line. Beyond this line, up to 15-16 lines, lay the suburbs, and further to the west - "pasture lands". At the end of the 18th century, the latter were covered with forest, through which three roads ran (the current Bolshoi, Sredny and Maly avenues), built up at that time only up to the city limits.

At the end of XIX and beginning of XX centuries. this part of the island began to be built up with profitable houses with closed quarters and courtyards-wells. To this day, houses that are 150-200 years old have survived (they require serious overhaul). However, the vast majority of houses in the historical development zone are houses that have undergone major repairs, and houses built in the early twentieth century, i.e. with metal covers.

Historical development is concentrated on the avenues of the island and the lines between them.

In the northwestern part of the district, bounded by Bolshoy Prospekt - Nalichnaya Street - Maly Prospekt - Detskaya Street, there is a microdistrict consisting mainly of "Stalinist" houses of post-war construction with a small interspersed with houses of the old fund.

The microdistrict, overwhelmingly built up with brick "Khrushchevs", is located in the area of ​​Maly Prospect - Nalichnaya Street - Nakhimov Street - Bering Street.

The microdistrict adjacent to the Primorskaya metro station is built up mainly with modern houses, with the exception of part of Zheleznovodskaya Street. The development of the territory of the microdistrict began in the late 70s, after the completion of work on straightening the channel of the Smolenka River and alluvium of soil on the low banks of the Dekabristov Island. The housing stock is represented by all types of houses, which allows us to trace the development of domestic housing construction over the past 30-40 years:
- brick "Khrushchev" - Zheleznovodskaya street;
- "Ships" - Cash Street;
- Houses of series 137 - Shipbuilders Street;
- Brick houses of the 80s. - Korablestroiteley street, Novosmolenskaya embankment, Sea embankment;
- Houses made of monolithic reinforced concrete - the embankment of the Smolenka River;
- Modern brick houses - the northern part of the Sea Embankment.

Currently, the following microdistricts can be distinguished in the Vasileostrovskiy district:
- Arrow VO;
- Historic residential part of the area;
- Planning area between Bering and Nakhimov streets;
- Planning area of ​​the Galernaya harbor;
- Western part of VO.

Arrow VO

The general direction of development is an administrative, non-residential microdistrict. Here is located a large number of diverse objects: the Military Academy of Logistics and Transport, the State University, the Academy of Sciences, the Ott Clinic, the library of the Academy of Sciences, museums and research institutes.

Historic residential area
The entire central part of the district is built up with houses of the old stock, and it is with this residential development that the majority of Petersburgers associate the Vasileostrovsky district.

In the north, the microdistrict is bounded by the embankment of the Smolenka River, in the east - by the Congress Line, in the south - by the Bolshaya Neva (the embankments of Lieutenant Schmidt and Universitetskaya), in the west - by st. Bering (here, historical buildings smoothly turn into buildings of the 20th century).

The general direction of the development of the territory is residential development. There are practically no industrial enterprises in the quarters along lines 1-6 (only along the Smolenka River). To the west, within the boundaries of residential areas, there are industrial enterprises: the Pribor plant, Pnevmatik, Oktyabr and others.

The ecological state of the microdistrict is generally satisfactory. If we talk about the social environment, then the vast majority of the microdistrict, with the exception of lines 1-6, are communal apartments that are difficult to settle. In the early 1990s, one of the first elite construction projects (the Alba complex) was implemented in VO, but then investor interest in the area fell. The situation was somewhat stirred up by the creation of a pedestrian zone on lines 6-7 of the VO, but this did not affect the rest of the quarters of the microdistrict.

The development of the social and domestic sphere of the microdistrict allows you to live comfortably in it, since there is everything you need - shops, kindergartens, schools, etc.

The neighborhood has the most convenient transport connection with other areas of the city - this is a metro station on its territory and four bridges that connect it to the mainland.

However, the general condition of the housing stock and the social environment do not allow the microdistrict to be positioned as an elite one. Therefore, the prices for apartments in the bulk are low. An exception can only be apartments with a view of the Neva, Peter and Paul Fortress, Winter Palace, but their units. Prices for the latter range from up to 1500 per sq. m. m. It should be noted that 1-room apartments are found only in houses after major repairs, since before the revolution 1-room apartments were usually janitors.

Planning area of ​​Gavanskaya street (Gavan)
The building process of the Vasileostrovskiy district can be conditionally divided into temporary stages, and if the historical part was built up over two centuries, then the Harbor was built mainly in the middle of the 20th century.

In the north, the microdistrict is limited by the street. Nakhimov, in the east - st. Bering, in the south - Bolshoi Prospekt, in the west - Nalichnaya Street.

The general direction of the development of the microdistrict is a residential area for serving the neighboring industrial territories and the facade of the city from the side of the Marine Station (this is where the monumental stalinkas along Opochinina street come from). On the borders of the microdistrict there is a large number of various objects: various industrial enterprises, ATP, the Smolensk cemetery, the LenExpo complex, the Marine Station.

The ecological state of the microdistrict is generally satisfactory.

In addition, it is cool in this part of the VO - the winds from the bay make themselves felt.

The social environment of the microdistrict is better than in the central part of the VO - there are almost no communal apartments. The population is not rich, as the area has never been particularly prestigious.

From the point of view of the social sphere, everything you need is available here - shops, kindergartens, schools, etc.

The main minus is the transport accessibility of the microdistrict. By municipal transport to the metro 4-6 stops. Ground urban transport rarely runs, save only the ubiquitous minibuses. It is possible to get to other parts of the city by metro, but, again, you need to get to it.

There are a fairly large number of Stalinist houses in the microdistrict. Prices for 2- and 3-room apartments in Stalinist buildings are on average per sq. m above similar proposals in the houses of the SF and SFK. This is explained both by the high consumer properties of houses and the socially homogeneous environment. The latter circumstance is capable of raising the price by another per square meter. m (mainly along Opochinina street). The offer of 1-room apartments is practically non-existent.

Planning area of ​​Galernaya Harbor
There is a very interesting area on Vasilyevsky Island, located near the galley harbor. Geographically, it can be designated as a territory limited in the north of the street. Nakhimov, in the east - Nalichnaya street, in the south - the exhibition complex "LenExpo", in the west - the waters of the Gulf of Finland.

To date, this entire territory is used mainly for industrial and warehouse needs, or simply is a wasteland. The sites of such enterprises as the plant and research institute of radio equipment, ATP No. 4 of Spetstrans, Vodokanal facilities and garages are located here.

Recently, there has been a trend towards the development of this territory for housing construction.

But there is an obstacle - the ecological state of these lands. The main sources of pollution are the plant and research institute of radio equipment located here since the 1930s, as well as an industrial dump.

In the depths of the territory there are private plots with low-rise buildings such as IZHS (individual housing construction) of various classes - from plywood wrecks made from improvised material to quite decent houses with euro-repair? You can also see boathouses there.

Western part of the VO (ZCHVO)
The western part of the VO began to develop in the last third of the 20th century strictly according to a single plan for the development of the city. Geographically, the district borders in the north on the Malaya Neva embankment, in the east - on Kima Avenue, Odoevsky and Nalichnaya streets, in the south - on the street. Nakhimov, in the west - with the Gulf of Finland.

The general direction of the development of the territory is purely residential, it is here that the city forms its residential "marine facade" (the name of the part of the district among the people is SHIPS).

The ecological state of the territory is quite satisfactory for the city, especially after the majority of enterprises along Uralskaya Street stopped working.

The social environment is homogeneous. When the microdistrict began to be populated, employees received apartments in it. Currently, people with average incomes live here.

The social sphere is developed - the district developed according to plan, and the city managed to build kindergartens, schools, supermarkets, hospitals.

Perhaps the only, but very significant disadvantage of this territory is its transport isolation from “ mainland". Primorskaya metro station allows you to communicate with the city center relatively quickly, but you have to get to it. It is difficult to get to the city center by personal transport - the roads are narrow and bad. The construction of the western High Speed ​​Diameter will certainly improve transport accessibility area, but this is a distant prospect.

The sad feature of this part of VO is the climate. It is this part of the island that is blown through by the winds, which, together with a very high level of air humidity, makes itself felt 11 months a year.

The secondary market is noticeably activated here in the warm season - showing apartments with frozen windows and residents is not optimal in terms of price. The houses here are mostly panel (137 series and "ships"), so heat is easily blown out through the cracks left over from socialism, regardless of the quality of the double-glazed windows.

It is also unpleasant that most of the apartments (all the same 137th) are literally braided with all kinds of pipes, which the builders stretched in a picturesque mess through all the premises. At the same time, in many houses there is not enough pressure hot water, as a result of which half the house is forced to self-heat.

And the notorious "houses on legs", made of metro construction (!) Concrete. Repair in them is truly an art. Not every perforator will take Metrostroevsky concrete the first time. But from the point of view of ventilation, everything is fine here - they are blown through!

Completion on free lands new, even comfortable houses, cannot change the general situation. As a result, the microdistrict is positioned as a bedroom and mostly not prestigious.

Today we can say with confidence that this is the only territory in St. Petersburg, characterized by the predominance of supply over demand.

Offer:
All types of apartments are offered for sale

The number of apartments offered for sale in the historical development zone is quite large, but their quality leaves much to be desired. Therefore, the resettlement of communal apartments in most of the historical building zone on Vasilyevsky Island is progressing with great difficulty.

The vast majority of communal apartments are doomed to be uninhabited and remain suppliers of rooms to the real estate market.

The “Stalinist” fund sells mainly three-room apartments, somewhat less two-room apartments, and there is practically no supply of one-room apartments. There is no shortage of supply in the northern and northwestern parts of the district near the Primorskaya metro station. Its spectrum fully reflects the nature of the development of this microdistrict. One can note an excess of apartments in the "ships" and houses of the "old" series 137.

The dynamics of the price index for residential real estate is almost the lowest in St. Petersburg. Moreover, both for the secondary market and for the primary. There is also a noticeable bias (even taking into account the specific demand for HE) between supply and demand: what is exhibited for sale is not in demand, and what is in demand, no one sells. Few deals in the area.

Demand:
Undoubtedly, apartments with a view of the water are in demand. Moreover, these can be both apartments in old buildings (Universitetskaya Embankment, Lieutenant Schmidt Embankment, Makarov Embankment), and apartments in modern brick or brick-monolithic houses (Morskaya Embankment, Smolenka River Embankment).

Apartments in the houses of the old fund, which are located on quiet green lines between the Lieutenant Schmidt Embankment and Maly Prospekt (2-3, 4-5, 6-7, 12-13, 14-15, 16-17, 18-19) are in good demand. lines).

Steady demand is observed for apartments in "Stalinist" houses on Nalichnaya Street, part of Gavanskaya Street (before the intersection with Sredny Prospekt), on Srednegavansky Prospekt.

Housing prices in the area remain above the city average, but there is a tendency to reduce this difference.

The region is practically autonomous; the social, social, entertainment and cultural infrastructure is very well developed here.

It should be noted that for Petersburgers Vasileostrovskiy district in terms of investment attractiveness lags far behind Tsentralny and Petrogradskiy, but due to ecological state, ahead of the Admiralteisky. The obvious lag in demand for housing (even in the secondary market) from the Petrogradsky and Central districts is explained by the closeness of this part of the city, which, in turn, is explained by low consumer qualities.

According to market experts V.O. is practically not considered by residents of other areas of the city as a place of residence. As a result, the demand in the district is provided mainly by residents (a total of 197.4 thousand people live in the district, that is, 4.19% of the total population of the city - one of the smallest districts of the city in terms of the number of residents) and non-residents, who are convinced that that V.O. - That's what it is the best part Petersburg. Attempts to attract buyers from other areas are futile - buyers are frightened off by the abundance of communal apartments, emergency housing stock in the historical part and isolation from the outside world in new buildings.

VIII. commercial real estate

Despite all the disadvantages, Vasilyevsky Island is in high demand among potential buyers. Up for auction land Vasileostrovsky district go for at least two market values.

The main transport routes serve as local trade and business centers.

At the western end former island Goloday, in the 35th quarter, garages and parking lots are arranged, as well as collective parking lots for 4,000 boxes. According to the head of the regional administration, Valery Golubev, garages should be taken out of the city, leaving only economical multi-storey car parks on the island. A positive example in the form of an 8-storey garage already exists on Uralskaya Street. All enterprises here are on a short-term lease basis, so there are and will be more sites for the construction of high-rise "whatnots". Currently, parking garages are at various stages of development and construction at the addresses: Morskaya Embankment, 9, Korablestroiteley St., 21, Sredny Ave., 89, Maly Ave., 62.

The modern ensemble of the Smolenka embankment does not allow the placement of trade here, and a strict taboo will be imposed on all temporary buildings. But the land must work, so it is given over to open parking lots.

Trade:
There are 1012 stationary service enterprises in the Vasileostrovskiy district, including:
Food stores - 193;
Public catering establishments - 245;
Public service enterprises 0 204;
CJSC "Vasileostrovsky market" - 266 trading places;
7 complexes - 800 trading places;
complexes of small retail trade - 694 trading places.

In 2002, the Torgovy Ostrov complex was opened, located at the intersection of Sredny Prospekt and 9th Line. CJSC "Adamant" opened the shopping center "Baltiyskiy"

In 2002, 50 new trade enterprises appeared. Reformation of street small retail trade has passed, 105 objects have been liquidated.

Despite all of the above, this number of trade and service facilities is still not enough for the region.

Projects:
Prospirity-Estate has begun construction of a whole chain of trade pavilions on the lawns of Bolshoy Prospekt. total area 21 objects - 3,000 m2. In return, the firm undertook to improve the avenue.

The investor is obliged to pave sidewalks and footpaths, install new benches and street lamps, equip recreation areas. The constructed pavilions will be leased by the company for cafes and shops.

Multifunctional business complex "Exchange Complex" - Bolshoy Prospekt (26th line, 15). The total area is over 54,000 m2. Construction is being carried out in 2 phases. Completion of construction in the 3rd quarter of 2004. The complex includes: business center, hotel ****, restaurants, supermarket, boutiques, cafes, bars, conference rooms, showroom, sports complex.

The reconstruction of the Andreevsky market is in full swing.

CJSC Trade Center Vasileostrovskiy plans to create a shopping center near the Vasileostrovskaya metro station. Several other commercial projects are at various stages of development and construction.

IX. Industry

There are 30 large industries in the region. The industry of the region is located in a wide strip in the middle of the island, from the Bolshaya Neva to the Malaya.

Of the 6,000 enterprises, 60% are in the private sector. The industry that remained at the helm of the state is 80% defense industry.

Industrial zone in the southwest of VO
In the southwestern part of the VO there is a vast production area. In the north it is bounded by Bolshoy Prospekt, in the east - by the 23rd line, in the south - by the Bolshaya Neva, in the west - by the waters of the Gulf of Finland.

The general direction of the development of the territory was set back in the time of Peter the Great, and since then the microdistrict has developed only as an industrial one. At present, the industrial zone is mainly formed by the Baltiysky Zavod, the Steel-Rolling Plant, the Tannery named after. Radishchev, Electroapparat JSC, Sevkabel and Severny Tekstil factories and many smaller enterprises.

Industrial zone in the north-east of the island of Decembrists.
In the north-east of the island of the Decembrists, there is a small, but also an industrial zone with a long history. It was formed on the Malaya Neva embankment and runs along Uralskaya Street. The Malaya Neva passes in the north and east, in the south - the embankment of the Smolenka River, in the west - the Decembrists Lane.

The largest enterprises are the Vasileostrovsky cargo area of ​​the river port, the Automobile Repair Plant, the Severnaya Manufactory, the plant named after. Kalinin, factories "Stroykarton", "Rot-Front" and some others.

There is a strong joint-stock company Radishchev on the Kozhevennaya line, which sews leather goods and has a lease agreement for 49 years.

Environmental cleanliness is greatly hindered by the 4th fleet with its Ikarus. JSC "Radishchev" is subject to withdrawal "by harmfulness".

Industrial enterprises:

• “Baltic shipyard;
• "Sputnik", "Electroapparat", "Escalator", plant named after. Kozitsky, "Forward", "Pneumatics", plant named after. Kotlyakov - machine-building;
• calico-printing factory V. Slutskaya;
• "Red October" - factory musical instruments;
• JSC Radishchev
• cartographic factory, etc.

X. Science and education

There are 36 secondary schools, 46 kindergartens, 8 institutions of additional education in the district. United library system includes 10 libraries, including 7 adults and 3 children.

Higher education institutions:

• State University;
• Academic Institute of Painting (former Academy of Arts);
• Mining Institute;
• Marine Academy;
• Higher Naval School. M. Frunze.

Institutes of the Russian Academy of Sciences:

• Physiology. I.P. Pavlova;
• Zoological;
• macromolecular compounds;
• Russian Literature (Pushkin House).

As well as the Main Library of the Academy of Sciences.

Research institutions:

• Research Institute "Mekhanobr";
• research institute geological;
• Research Institute of Mining Mechanics and Mine Surveying;
• Institute of the Arctic and Antarctic, etc.

XI. Monuments of history and architecture

The first buildings on Vasilyevsky Island appeared at the beginning of the 18th century. The palace of the closest associate of Per I - Alexander Menshikov - (Universitetskaya embankment, 15) became the first large building of the new city.

The architectural ensemble of the Spit of Vasilyevsky Island is one of the historical sights of the city.

There are a lot of historical and architectural monuments in the Vasileostrovskiy district. XII. Culture and recreation

There are 12 museums in the area:

• Literary Museum of the Pushkin House (4 Makarova Embankment);
• Zoological Museum of the Academy of Sciences;
• Soil Science Museum;
• Geological Exploration Museum;
• Mining Museum;
• Central Naval Museum;
• Museum of Anthropology and Ethnography ("Kunstkamera");
• Museum of M.V., Lomonosov;
• The exposition of the Hermitage in the former Menshikov Palace, etc.

There are 103 sports clubs and 60 sports grounds in the district.

XIII. Prospects for the development of the region

From the perspective of investors, it is possible to develop projects in the region that are not related to industrial activity.

According to the Decree of the Government of St. Petersburg dated August 8, 2002 N 43, it is planned to build up to 700,000 sq. m. m of housing. Almost the entire volume is planned to be commissioned through the development of the western part of the VO.

According to the EIST, the city administration can offer the following investment areas and facilities.

Investment territories:

Quarter 5 - engineering preparation, multifunctional development;
- quarter 4A - engineering preparation, public multifunctional building;
- quarter 4AIII, 3AIII - multifunctional building;
- Quarter 16 - development of the territory of VAO LenExpo and the Round Bucket.

Investment objects:
- quarter 35 (crossing of Nalichnaya and Uralskaya streets) - construction of a multi-storey 800-seat garage;
- reconstruction of quarters built up with houses of the first mass residential series:
a) limited by Nalichnaya Street, Bering and Nakhimov Streets, as well as Maly Prospekt;
b) quarter 6 (Kakhovsky lane).

Currently, about 113 investment projects are at various stages of development, 14 of them are financed by budgets of various levels.

This number includes projects that have already passed the ITC, and on them the order of the Governor was issued. Diagram No. 1 shows the structure of the "investment portfolio" of the district.

Arrow VO
Arrow VO is located on its easternmost part, east of the Congress line.

The general direction of development is an administrative, non-residential microdistrict.

The microdistrict is included in a single security zone historical center cities and investment activity in it is severely limited. Basically, restoration work is carried out - usually with budgetary funds, but sometimes investors come to the most famous objects who want to be noted in the noble field of salvation historical monuments St. Petersburg. The city suppresses any attempts to change the urban environment in this microdistrict, but some institutions have federal subordination or already own their land. Under such conditions, it is more difficult for the city to defend

Vasileostrovskiy district Petersburg- one of the four central districts Petersburg. The head of the administration of the Vasileostrovsky district, Ilyin Eduard Alexandrovich.

Vasilyevsky Island is the largest in the Neva Delta. Its western side, facing the Gulf of Finland, is the central link of the "marine facade" of St. Petersburg, and the eastern tip - Strelka - is included in the panorama of the city center. The key position between the main water area of ​​the Neva and the exit to the Gulf of Finland predetermined its important role in the development of St. Petersburg.

About the area

Territory of the district - 2146.88 ha

Population - 211,048 people

In the Vasileostrovsky district:

• 30 lines
• 21st street
• 5 avenues
• 17 lanes
• 3 passages
• 8 squares
• 8 embankments
• 1 duct

Geography of the area

The territory of the district includes two large islands separated by a small river Smolenka: Vasilievsky and Dekabristov (Goloday), as well as a small Sulfur Island. The total area of ​​the district is 1.4 thousand hectares, which makes it one of the smallest in St. Petersburg. Of these, the area of ​​green spaces is 118 hectares, 51 hectares of which are cemeteries. Rumyantsevsky, Opochinsky and Skippersky gardens, two small parks and small courtyard squares.

The total length of the district's streets is 90 km. The area of ​​the road surface is 198 hectares.

The development of Vasilyevsky Island began several centuries before the emergence of northern capital. According to the “Census Salary Book for Novgorod of the Votskaya Pyatina” of 1500, fishermen lived on Vasilyevsky Island, there were arable land. The first fixation of the name of the island dates back to that time. There are scientific hypotheses explaining the name on behalf of several Novgorod posadniks: Vasily Selezny, Vasily Kazimir, Vasily Ananyin. There is a version about the origin of the name on behalf of one of the first settlers of the island - a certain fisherman Vasily. Settlements existed along the Malaya Neva, near the mouth of the Smolenka and on the right bank of the Smolenka. In the 17th century, under Swedish rule, the island also had the name Dammarholm - Pond Island. Probably, they meant ponds formed on the tributaries of the Smolenka. The island itself belonged at that time to the Swedish commander J. Delagardi, whose manor was located on the Strelka. There was also a Finnish name for the island: Hirvisaari - Moose Island. In a transformed form, it is found in documents as the name of the village of Girvisaria, where pilots lived until 1712.

Soon after the founding of St. Petersburg, the island was again called Vasilievsky. According to the historian A. Bogdanov, Peter I sent orders to the artillery battery of Vasily Korchmin, who stood on the Strelka, with a laconic inscription "To Vasily on the island." So Vasily Korchmin, with his name, contributed to the revival of the old toponym. From 1704 to 1714 the island was owned by the Governor General Petersburg Prince A.D. Menshikov, hence the name Princely or Menshikov. And later, from 1727 to 1730, there was official name- Transfiguration Island. By administrative division Petersburg, since 1737, the territories of Vasilyevsky and the neighboring Goloday Island were part of the police department of Vasilyevsky.

Origin of the name of a part of Vasilyevsky Island - Golodai Islands

There are several versions about the origin of the name of the island. One of them traces it to the Swedish word halaua, which means willow. A number of works indicate that the name "Starve" arose in connection with the inaccurate pronunciation of the name of the English doctor Thomas Holliday, who owned a plot of land on the island in the 18th century. In others, the name of the doctor is given differently - Matthews Galliday. The sound change (Starve instead of Holliday) was the result of folk etymology - a rethinking of a little-known word and replacing it with a more understandable one. The current name was given in the 1920s, as it was assumed that the bodies of the executed leaders of the Decembrist uprising were buried here.

The uniqueness of the Vasileostrovsky district lies in its island status - it is completely located on one island (in fact, it is hardly possible to consider the island of the Decembrists and small islands separated by small rivers as something separate) and has only water borders with other areas of the city.