Presentation on the topic of the tourist route. Tourist route in foreign Europe - presentation

Lisbon is the most western capital continental Europe. City occupies vantage point on southwest coast Iberian Peninsula, at the wide mouth of the Tagus River, 15 km from Atlantic Ocean. The districts of the city stretch along the Lisbon coast, stretching from the river mouth to the beaches of Alentejo. Modern high-rise buildings of the metropolis closer to the outskirts are replaced by picturesque fishermen's huts united in small villages. in winter average temperature+9 degrees, +24 in summer. The environs of Lisbon are rich in vegetation, including: maritime pine, eucalyptus, evergreen shrubs (maquis). Iberian Peninsula Tagus Atlantic Ocean Alentejo maritime pine eucalyptus

History of the development of the city Lisbon is a city with a history spanning more than 20 centuries. The results of archaeological excavations give grounds to assert the presence of the Phoenicians in this area from 1200 BC. e. There is an opinion that in the center modern city, on the southern slope of the Castle Hill, there could be a Phoenician Trading port, where Phoenician ships heading north could replenish their food supplies. This place is supposed to have been called "Alis Ubbo" (blessed bay) because of the convenient port shelter that was formed by the right branch of the Tagus River. According to other assumptions, the name of the city may come from the pre-Romanesque name of the Tagus river Lisso or Lucio. Tagus

Cultural significance Lisbon is often referred to as the pearl of Portuguese cities. The city harmoniously combines the architectural heritage of various styles: here you can see a castle built in the 9th-14th centuries, a Romanesque cathedral of the 12th century (rebuilt in the 18th century), a Gothic Carmelite monastery (now it houses Archaeological Museum), palaces (Belem Palace, Mafra Palace and Queluz Baroque Palace; Ajuda Palace and São Bento Classicism) and churches made in the Manueline and Baroque styles (Basilica da Estrela, Churches of St. Vicente di Fora, Conceição Vella, St. Roque , Museum of Ecclesiastical Art). A popular amusement of the townspeople is a bullfight, the meaning of which comes down to pacifying the animal with a special fighter, fourcades, performing on a horse.IXXIVRomanesque CathedralXII centuryXVIIIth century Archaeological Museum Belem PalaceMafrad Palace Queluz Palace AjudaPalace of San Bentumanuelinobaroque Basilica da Estrelaboy of bulls with fourcades National Theater San Carlos, Avenida da Liberdade, etc. Piazza Figueira National Theater of San Carlos Avenida da Liberdade

Madrid Madrid (Spanish Madrid) the capital and The largest city Spain, as well administrative center provinces of the same name and autonomous community. The municipality is part of the area (komorki) Area-Metropolitana. The largest economic, political and Cultural Center countries.isp. capital city of Spain administrative center of the province of the Autonomous Community of Area-Metropolitana

Population, language, religion The capital ranks first in the country in terms of population, which is increasing mainly due to immigrants. The city is now home to approximately 3 million people. State language is Spanish, in addition to it, the population of the city uses Catalan, Galician, Basque, as well as the languages of migrants Arabic, etc. Most of the population is Catholic. Spanish Catalan Galician Basque Catholics

Cultural significance The city is one of the most beautiful capitals not only Europe, but the whole world. Economic and cultural life the cities are concentrated on Paseo de la Castellana and st. Alcala. It is here that the most expensive shops and luxurious restaurants are located.Paseo de la Castellana

Paris Paris (fr. Paris (pari)) is the capital of France, the most important economic and cultural center of the country, located in the northern part of central France, in the Ile-de-France region on the banks of the Seine River. In addition, Paris is of great international importance, here are the headquarters of UNESCO, the OECD and the International Chamber of Commerce.

Foundation of the city The city was founded in the middle of the 3rd century BC. e. from the Celtic settlement Lutetia of the Parisian tribe on the spot modern island Site. Modern name the city comes from the name of this tribe. The first written mention of Lutetia is found in the 6th book of Julius Caesar on the war with Gaul in 53 BC. e. 3rd century BC e.Celtic Lutetia Parisians of the island of Sité Julius Caesarwar with Gaul When in 52 BC. e. Romans after the first failed attempt the second time they tried to approach the city, the Parisians set fire to Lutetia and destroyed the bridges. The Romans left them an island and built it on the left bank of the Seine. new town. There they erected baths, a forum and an amphitheater. In the Roman Empire the city did not have much influence.

Attractions The three most famous Parisian sights are the ancient Notre Dame Cathedral, built on the Ile de la Cité in the 12th century, the Eiffel Tower and the Arc de Triomphe, designed in the 19th century. The openwork metal tower, designed by the engineer Eiffel, was conceived as a temporary building that served as the entrance to world exhibition 1889. But she not only survived the event itself, but has since become a true symbol of the city. To the north and south of it, the Sacré-Coeur Basilica, built on top of the Montmartre hill, and the lone Tour Montparnasse tower, which stands out against the background of its “flat” area, rise above the horizon line. Notre Dame Cathedral of the CityEiffel Tower Arc de Triomphe

Berlin Berlin (German: Berlin) is the capital of Germany, the largest and most populated city in Germany. After London, Berlin is the second most populated and the fifth largest city in the European Union. Berlin is one of 16 states in the Federal Republic of Germany. The city is located on the banks of the rivers Spree (the "nickname" of Berlin "Spree-Athen" "Athens on the Spree" is associated with this) and Havel in the center of the federal state of Brandenburg, of which it is not a part (since 1920). the capital of Germany, the city of London, the second European Union, the states of the Federal Republic of Germany SpreeAthens on the Spree Havel Brandenburg 1920

History of Berlin The city of Berlin originated from the twin city of Berlin Cologne. Cologne was located on an island in the river Spree, and Berlin opposite it, on the east bank. Cologne was first mentioned in 1237 (28.10), Berlin in 1244 (26.01). In 1307, both cities were united and built a common town hall. According to one version, the name "Berlin" (like others with the accent -in Schwerin, Stettin) is of Slavic origin and goes back to the Polabian berl- /birl- ("swamp"). Many European cities. According to the folk etymological version (for example, researcher Theodor Zell (German: Theodor Zell), the name of the city comes from the German word for “bear” (German: Bär). As is known, since at least 1280 the bear has been a symbol of Berlin. Cologne is an island on the Spree River in 1237 1244 1307 the town hall of the labsky swamp of the German bear. 1280

Attractions Great Opportunities the beach on the Wannsee lake, located a 30-minute drive from the center of Berlin, also provides recreation. The largest forest located on the territory of Berlin itself is the famous Grunwald, which runs along the residential quarter built under Bismarck, as well as along the chain of ice age lakes Halensee, Königssee, Dianasee and Hundekelsee. Now beeches, birches, chestnuts grow here. Grunwald remains a favorite holiday destination for Berliners. Lake Wannsee Bismarck Königssee

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State budget health-improving educational institution of a sanatorium type for children in need of long-term treatment, "Bulgarian sanatorium boarding school"

Project work on the topic:

"Development of a tourist route for historical and natural attractions of the Spassky district»

9th grade student Taryncheva Anastasia

Scientific adviser:

Arinina Elena Khasiyatullovna

Geography teacher

Bolgar - 2015

1.Introduction..……………………………………………………………………………………………2

2. Project Methodology………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ..........3

3.Tourism in the Spassky District………………………………………………………………………4

4. Description of the route.…………………………………………………………………………..5

5.Conclusion……………………………………………………………………………………..8

6. Literature used……………………………………………………………………...9

1. Introduction.

Tourism, as one of the highly profitable sectors of the economy, is recognized as the economic phenomenon of the century for its rapid pace of development.

In many countries, tourism plays a significant role in shaping the gross domestic product. , activation of the foreign trade balance , ensuring employment of the population and creating additional jobs, has a positive impact on such key sectors of the economy as transport and communications, construction, agriculture, culture, art, production of consumer goods and others.

The Republic of Tatarstan, including our Spassky district, has a rich historical and cultural heritage and natural and recreational resources that contribute to both the development of domestic tourism and the reception of foreign citizens. Taking into account the above factors, the tourism sector of the republic should be declared priority national economy.

Objective of the project:

Contribute to the further formation of a modern tourism industry on the territory of the Spassky District as one of the leading branches of specialization.

Tasks:

Collection of information about recreational resources of the Spassky district
Development of an excursion program for the Spassky district for several days with visits to such places as Rabiga-Kul, Suvar, with. Antonovka, Bulgar settlement and others.
Creation of the presentation "Development of a tourist route through the historical and natural sights of the Spassky District".

2. Project methodology.

Creating a new excursion on any topic is a complex process.

Preparation of a new excursion goes through several stages:

Preliminary work - selection of materials for a future excursion, their study. At the same time, there is a selection of objects on which the excursion will be built.
The direct development of the excursion itself includes: drawing up an excursion route; processing of actual material; work on the content of the excursion, its main part, consisting of several main questions

Determining the purpose and objectives of the excursion - work on any new excursion begins with a clear definition of its purpose. This helps the authors of the tour to work in a more organized way in the future. The purpose of the tour is for the sake of which historical and cultural monuments and other objects are shown to tourists.
Selection of literature and compilation of bibliography - in the course of developing a new excursion, a list of books, brochures, articles published in newspapers and magazines is compiled that reveal the topic. The purpose of the list is to determine the approximate boundaries of the forthcoming work on the study of literary sources, to assist guides in using the necessary factual and theoretical material in preparing the text.
Selection and study of excursion objects - the correct selection of objects, their number, sequence of display affect the quality of the excursion. Objects can be:

memorable places associated with historical events in the life of our city, the development of society and the state;
buildings and structures, memorial monuments associated with the life and work of prominent personalities;
natural objects - forests, groves, parks, rivers, lakes, ponds, reserves and reserves;
archeological monuments - settlements, ancient sites, settlements, burial mounds, earthen ramparts, sanctuaries, etc.;

To evaluate the objects that are included in the tour, it is recommended to use the following criteria:

Cognitive value - the connection of an object with a specific historical event, with a certain era, the life and work of a famous figure in science and culture, the artistic merits of the monument, the possibility of their use in the aesthetic education of excursion participants.

Fame of the object, its popularity among the population.

Unusual (exotic) object. This refers to the peculiarity, uniqueness of a monument of history and culture, buildings, structures. The unusualness of the object can also be associated with some historical event, at the site of the installation of this monument, with a legend or historical event. Exoticism can be natural.

The expressiveness of the object, that is, the external expressiveness of the object, its interaction with the background, the environment - buildings, structures, nature.

Object safety. The state of the object is assessed in this moment, its readiness to be shown to tourists.

The location of the object. When selecting objects, the distance to the monument, the convenience of access to it, the suitability of the road for vehicles, the possibility of bringing sightseers to the object, the natural environment surrounding the object, the availability of a place suitable for the location of the group for the purpose of observation should be taken into account.

Temporary restriction of the display of an object (by time of day, by day, month, season) is when visiting and viewing the object is impossible due to poor visibility or seasonality

3. Tourism in the Spassky district.

The development of tourism in the Spassky municipal district should be considered not only the development of the Bulgarian State Museum-Reserve and adjacent infrastructure, but the integrated development of the entire Spassky tourist zone and the development of tourism in Tatarstan as a whole.

The ancient city of Bolgar is one of the iconic objects of the tourist infrastructure of Tatarstan. Along with the island-city of Sviyazhsk, it was included in the list of historical and cultural heritage developed with the participation of the Renaissance Foundation under the personal control of Rustam Minnikhanov and the first president of the Republic of Tatarstan. In 2014, 285 thousand people visited the ancient city, of which 2 thousand were foreign tourists.

One of the main events and results of the five years of work of the Renaissance Foundation was the inclusion of Bolgar in the listUNESCO World Heritage Site

Bolgar is a city that people visit with excursions for one day only.

As a rule, tourists come to Tatarstan for a three-day tour and come to Bulgar only for one day. Perhaps partly because there are no established routes for longer periods,

although apart from historical sites Spassky district has beautiful nature. Thus, perhaps, we would like to attract people to outdoor recreation in a beautiful and historically significant place. Why not?

Tourists will be able to come with their families, and the infrastructure in our area is developing, currently being builtnew modern hotel. .

In addition, our places are also places of pilgrimage, so it is possible to develop religious tourism.

It must be understood that Bolgar has already gone beyond the one-day route. The exposition of the place is such that tourists can stay for two days or even more. The water area of the Volga and nature itself contribute to the creation of tourist hiking trails. That is, it is not only a cultural and educational visit, but also outdoor recreation and fresh air.

The only problem in Bolgar is the lack of accommodation, and, of course, if a functional hotel and entertainment complex is built there soon, then perhaps our project will become interesting, as it offers a longer and more interesting route.

4. Description of the route.

	Description of the main display objects	Note
	So, our tour starts from the most distant point of the route - ancient city Suvar. It was founded by a tribe of Suvars (Savirs, Suazes) on the river, which is currently called the Dry Duck. It happened around the ninth century. And the heyday of the city falls on the first half of the tenth century. Now, on the site of Suvar, the village of Kuznechikha is located. Having founded the city, the inhabitants surrounded it with a high wooden wall, in front of which they dug deep ditches, poured ramparts, and in some places even in two rows. The remains of ramparts and ditches have been preserved to this day. Soon after its founding, Suvar became a major center of crafts and trade. Craftsmen from Suvar made beautiful, richly ornamented clay dishes with their skillful hands, which differed from the products of potters from other places. There were also wonderful blacksmiths, builders, metallurgists, jewelers, gunsmiths and glassware craftsmen in the city.	Bulgar ceramics found in Suvar, in the Kuznechikha Museum Defensive ditch of the Suvar settlement
	The next point on our route is Antonovka - this is the name of the Abyss today, in honor of the leader of the peasant unrest that took place hereAnton Sidorov. This is a fairly large village with more than 700 people. The view of Antonovka opens from a high slope. The silhouettes of squat houses are hidden behind the trees, but even from afar, an unusual building for a modern village stands out among them - white high building with columns. This is a former manor house, which, which is now rare, still houses a school. You probably won't find another one like it in the republic. Children every day go to study in a real castle, where everything breathes with unfading antiquity. The two-story mansion, built in the lush Baroque style, has retained its character traits- it was erected by visiting masters.	Monument to Anton - Petrov Manor of landowners Musin-Pushkin - architectural monument 1st floor. 19 in
	Our journey continues, and ahead of us is the village of Kayuki. The name Alisha is inextricably linked with the history of our region. Abdullah Alish - our fellow countryman, a native of the village of Kayuki, Spassky district. In the libraries of the district, in the museum of local lore, in the Alisha museum in the village of Kayuki, there are many books, materials, exhibits, documents that help to discover and appreciate the huge talent and heroic life Alisha. They should be widely acquainted with the population, especially schoolchildren and youth, and not only in our region, the republic, but also in all corners of the world, all those who have ever heard the name of Abdullah Alish.	Bust of A. Alisha Museum of A. Alisha in the village of Kayuki
	Spassky district there are places that are distinguished by a special natural beauty, wealth of flora and fauna. The largest in the republic in terms of area (about 18 thousand hectares) nature reserve"Spassky" is a scattering of islands in the water area of the Kuibyshev reservoir. One of them was called by the people for a reason. Old city- the county Spassk was once located here. In these places there is an opportunity to develop ecological tourism, create ecological trails, in addition to the historical show tourists unique places habitats of animals and birds (within reason, of course, so as not to interfere with them), for example, with a small observation deck. We would install a telescope - and watch the white-tailed eagles right in the nest. And how romantic it is to walk along the ancient bridges, touch the land where Catherine the Great used to be. Fragments of the old Spasskaya prison, a teacher training school, remarkable archaeological and historical monuments have been preserved on the island of Old Town. Many people would come here to go fishing with a fishing rod, but it is forbidden to travel through the territory of the reserve. This issue can be resolved by creating, for example, a special corridor. And that a place for a fire was determined.	The reserve is a territory where certain species of animals and plants are protected, visiting is allowed for all people. Among the notable inhabitants of the Old City is the steppe viper. It is in the Spassky reserve that its northernmost population in Europe is located. The water area of the Spassky reserve
	Our next focus isLake Rabigi or Rabiga kul. It is located on the outskirts of the city of Bolgar and is considered one of the most crystal clear and mysterious lakes Tatarstan.The nature around the lake is picturesque, and the natural reservoir itself is considered not only a local attraction, but also a shrine for Muslims.About the most beautiful lake, which is located along the line of ramparts in the west of the settlement, many legends have developed among the population of Tatarstan. One of them tells about the daughter of the Bulgarian Khan, who once went for a walk with her peers to the forest edge. There the girls turned into swans. Khan went hunting, and after shooting one of the swans, he recognized him as his beloved daughter. The khan wept all night, and soon, at the very place where the khan's tears flowed, a lake formed, the purest and deepest.Today this lake is one of the ancient monuments of the history of the Tatar people. Muslim pilgrims from all over the world come here to pray for the most sacred near the holy waters of the lake.	Lake Rabigi or Rabiga kul
	The main attraction of the village at all times were lakes, soour tour continues again on the lake, in the village which is called “Three Lakes”The historical names of these lakes are recorded in the "List populated areas Kazan province "for 1859 - Ataman, Chistoye and Kuryshevskoye. In Soviet times, the lakes began to be called Atamanskoye, Pure and Bezymyannoe - first in common parlance, and then in official documents. In 1978, all three lakes were declared natural monuments of the Republic of Tatarstan and included in the inventory of specially protected natural areas.	On the shore clean lake there is a temple that looks like a majestic castle. This is one of the oldest and most beautiful churches in the Spassky district, which was built in 1771 at the expense of the landowner Lev Ivanovich Molostov.The temple is an architectural monument

5.Conclusion

Tourism as one of the most popular types active rest is an integral part of human life with its natural desire to discover and learn new regions, monuments of nature, history and culture, customs and traditions of various peoples. The organization of active, meaningful recreation has become an important social task. Tourism is an important factor in improving the health of a person, increasing his creative activity, expanding his horizons.

Tourism is the most important means of education, which, due to its diversity and versatility, opens up wide opportunities for the practical preparation of a small citizen for a big life.

The development of this project is due to the desire to increase interest in the history and culture of Tatarstan. Arouse the interest of children and adults in the history of their small homeland through the organization excursion routes To historical monuments native land.

6. Literature used.

1. Abramov L. Spassky legends. - Kazan: By city and villages, 2003. - 429 p.

2. Burdin E.A. Volga Atlantis: a tragedy great river. Ulyanovsk (Simbirsk) 2005-287

3. Taisin A.S. Geography of the Republic of Tatarstan. - Kazan: Magarif, 2000. - 223 p.

4. State register of protected areas in the Republic of Tajikistan. Second edition. - Kazan: Idel-Press, 2007. - 408 .

5. Reserved places. - Kazan, Idel-Press, 2007.

6. Atlas Tar.tarika. - Kazan: Institute of History. Sh. Marjani AN

7. Republic of Tatarstan, Ministry of Education and Science.

8. I know the world. Geography. - Moscow: AST, 2005.

9. R.G. Fakhrutdinov History of the Tatar people and Tatarstan Kazan

Publishing house "Magarif" 1995

10. www.tourfactor.ru

11. www.personalguide.ru

12. www.tattravel.ru

13. www.bolgar-portal.ru

14. www.goldcompass.ru

15. www.bolgar.info

16.http://komanda-k.ru/

GDP is the total market value of the total value of finalgoods And services , produced in the economy for a certain period of time (usually a year). It is the main indicator of economic activity and economic activity in the country.

Be sure to hold an auction for the sale of 12 chairs "from the set of Madame Petukhova." Moreover, a real diamond is hidden under the upholstery of one of the chairs. A grandmaster arrives for a chess tournament with a session of simultaneous play. Ironically, for the first three years it was International Grandmaster Evgeny Vasyukov. Those who wish can also take part in the following events: the Gnu Antelope contest, the theatrical show Ostap Bender - the Great Couturier, children's game competitions Benderiadka, chess tournaments, cockroach races, competitions for accordionists and ditties, etc. During the festival, theatrical performances, performances by comedians, discos, as well as concerts are held throughout the city during the festival. open sky with the participation of Mari pop stars. This event is very interesting and exciting, which will certainly appeal to every tourist. Art and History Museum "Merchant's Estate" is located in an old merchant's mansion of the late 19th century, built by the timber merchant A.I. Shishokin and sold due to bankruptcy to the Gubin brothers. The building was built as a residential building, but later used as an office - the Trading House of the Gubin Brothers. From 1918 to 1970, the district committee of the RCP (b) was located in the house, until the beginning of the 80s the Komsomol committee was located here. Then the building was taken over by the ZHKO, which allocated it for apartments. In the early 90s, the tenants moved to other houses, and in 1995 the house was transferred to the museum-reserve, which opens a museum of furniture craftsmanship here, and since 2001 it has been a museum of merchant life. The mansion with rich facade openwork carving has several floors: the ground floor, built of stone, the floor with the main staircase and halls, the third floor - mezzanine, with mezzanine rooms. Throughout the building, oak parquet, ceiling moldings, tiled stoves and amazingly beautiful main staircase with chiselled balusters. The rooms are decorated with carved furniture made by wood craftsmen from Kozmodemyansk. The exposition of the museum contains old sideboards, tables, chairs and slides with dishes from that time. In addition to household utensils, books, paintings, musical instruments and much more, which gives an idea of the life and way of life of the merchants of the 19th century. Museum of merchant life- This is a monument to the merchants, who played an important role in the development of Kozmodemyansk and its transformation into one of the major centers of timber trade in Russia. Andrey Bender, who served as the prototype of Ostap Bender, was also a talented merchant, so tourists are invited to get acquainted with the merchant life of the last century.

In Vasilsursk: Museum of History and Local Lore. The basis Museum of History and Local Lore of Vasilsursk formed a school collection of 165 exhibits. Currently, there are 1290 of them in the museum. Many items were donated local residents. Among them: antique furniture, paintings, a collection of old samovars and household utensils; albums of old photographs, national costumes, etc.