Altai - Beautiful region famous for its nature. Majestic mountains This edge attract tourists from all over the world. Altai Mountains - The highest mountains in Siberiaseparated by mountain rivers and pita. The mining system passes through four countries: Russia, China, Mongolia and Kazakhstan. In the territory Russian Federation The ridges are located mainly in the Altai Republic and in the Altai Territory.
The magnificent Altai Mountains have formed about 500 million years ago. But due to climate change, earthquakes and glacial periods, about 60 million years ago, the mountains were strongly destroyed and acquired a completely different view that we can observe these days. Altai Mountains are inhomogeneous in its relief. Here are three main groups: plains, middle house and glacial high-root relief. 2000 meters - the average height of the mountains. The highest point of Altai is the Beluha mountain, its height is 4506 meters.
Altai Mountains are unique, and since 1998 are in the list World Heritage UNESCO.
Beluha
Beluha is the highest point of Altai, recognized by the geographical center of Eurasia - it is equal to the three oceans. This mountain has never been just a mountain, but always personified himself sacred place. The ancient Altai people of Kadyn-Bazi believed that a terrible demon lives in Mount, who will kill everyone who tries to climb this mountain. This was explained by regular gatherings of avalanche and stonepads caused by an earthquake.
In contrast, Buddhists believe that it is on top of the White Mountain, hidden the entrance to the mythical country of the wise men Shambalu.
For the first time to climb the top of Beluhi, they tried back in the XIX century, but it turned out to be impossible due to permanent rocks and avalanche gatherings. The first in history climbing the mountain occurred only in 1914 by Mikhail and Boris Tronov.
Plateau Ukok
The docking plate is considered a point of the joint of the borders of the four states - Russia, China, Mongolia and Kazakhstan. Incredible nature, thousands of small rivers and reservoirs, attract to visiting this place of tourists from around the world. This plateau is famous for the large number of cultural monuments. Here were found cave drawings, mounds, stone sculptures. Princess Ukoka is the main find in this area. This mummy is a 25-year-old woman found here in 1993. Tattoos on its skin, as well as horses, gold, and household items, buried with her, give the right to argue that it was a very noble woman. Archaeologists, historians, art historians still continue to study this incredibly picturesque place.
Altai Mountains Summary.
Posted PT, 03/27/2015 - 08:50 by Cap
Southern Altai - Mountain Range on Y. Altai, the western part of which is located in Kazakhstan, the eastern part of the Range separates Russia from China. Length about 125 km. Height up to 3871 m. In the foothills, steppe landscapes are located in the foothills 1400-1500 m, park larch forests reach a height of 2100-2200 m; In the alpine belt dominate subalpine and alpine meadows. About 180 glaciers (including Adakhinsky - Length 5 km, area of \u200b\u200b19.5 km2). It begins to the West from the Karakoba River, separating it from the Kalbinsky Range located in the next west. It takes from the West to the East. In the East ends with the Massif Tavan-Bogdo-Ul, who starts the Sailugham Rats (east) and Mongolian Altai (south).
Mongolian Altai is a mountain system in Mongolia and China (on the border). Consists of several divinations separated by ridge valleys that stretched 1000 km from the south-east to the North-West. The width varies from 150 km to 300 km, the highest point is Munh-Hairhan-Ula mountain (4362 m). The vertices of the ridges have a plain shape and covered with glaciers, the total area of \u200b\u200bwhich is 830 km². Most of them, including the largest Glacier of the Potanina, is located in the Taman-Bogdo Ula massif. The ridges are mainly stacked by crystal shale, porphyram, porphyrites and granites. On the moistened slopes of the south-west side there are meadows and forests, on dry northeastern slopes - steppes and semi-deserts.
In the north comes to the highlands of the Republic of Altai, in the West and the south are semi-deserts and deserts of the Jungaria and Gobi, and the entire northeastern part of the system borders with semi-deserts of the big lakes. In the east of Mongolian Altai, Alala-Nurst Vadina is located, which separates it from the lower Gobi Altai (height up to 3900 m). On the north-western limb, the ridge is Lake Kanas.
On the territory of China, the mountains are located in the Altai district in the or-Kazakh autonomous district of the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous PRC district with the capital in Altai.
Gobiy Altai is a mountain system in the south of Mongolia, the southeastern continuation of the Mongolian Altai. Gobiy Altai consists of chains of sub-luminous ridges and grooves separated by dry valleys and basins and surrounded by inclined plains (Balsa). The length of the system is over 500 km, the prevailing heights - from 1500 to 3000 m. The highest point is the top of the Barun-Bogdo-Ula (3957 m) in the Ridge of the Bogdo. Vegetation in the lower belt is deserted, in the upper - steppe. Mountains are folded by crystal shale, granites, sandstones and limestones. The Gobuy Altai area is highly seismic. In 1957, a catastrophic earthquake in 11-12 points occurred here, noticeable soil fluctuations were observed in the territory of 5 million km². In 1958, another earthquake occurred in Gobui Altai, by force in 10 points, the name of the bayan-tagansky earthquake.
Steppe Altai is part of the Priobskoe plateau in the territory of the Altai Territory, in the south gradually turning into the foothills of Altai. Medium height 250-260 m. Priobskoe plateau rises above the Kulundin hollow for 50-75 m, the plateau is dissected by wide and deep (40-100 m) with hollows stretched in parallel to each other from the northeast to the south-west. The bottoms are filled with sands, the surface of which under the influence of wind acquired a bug-grade character. Modern rivers laid their valleys in these hips. The largest of them are Alya, Kasmala and Barnaulka.
In the hivestone of Kasmalin tape there are bitter and salted lakes are a big bitter and small bitter. The climate of the plains is warmer and land of other zones of West Siberian lowland. The average annual temperature at the Priobsky plateau is +2.5 ° C, the average annual precipitation of 450 mm. Due to almost flat relief, it is influenced by the strong winds and the invasions of the air masses as from the North Arctic Oceanand from Central Asia. Soils are formed on loess-shaped sublinks. Open steppe spaces on chernozem soils prevail. In places there are birch slices, mainly on dark gray forest soils; Ribbon pine bors are confined to the hollows of ancient runoff (under which dernovo-podzolic soils), swamps and lakes are formed. Most of the territory of the Priobsky Plateau of the Unpaid.
Mount Beluha is located in the Ust-Koksinsky district of the Altai Mountain Altai. It is the highest point of Katun Range and the highest point of Siberia. Beluhi has two vertices, in the form of an irregular pyramid - Eastern (4506 m) and Western (4435 m), between which there is a slide - "Belohi saddle", with a height of 4000 m. Two peaks of Beluhi and on the left and right The crown of Altai, form an accy wall, almost vertically falling down towards the Akkele glacier. 
On the territory of Russia, behind the Urals, only in Kamchatka there is a vertex exceeding Belukha - Klyuchevskaya Natka. But not so much height of her attracts this mountain. As the climbers say: Beluha is not for records, but for the soul. From it there is some special impact, which is noticeable even at a distance from her foot. For the first time seeing, the person is filled with delight. In the valley of the lake Akkem, at the foot of Belukhi, atmosphere atmosphere atmosphere and fraternity with everyone, nearby, even unfamiliar people. What felt tourist.ru, having visited in August 2008
Altaica worship Belukha and consider her sacred Mountain. Altai Names (Top Katuna), Ak-Sura (Morning), Misdutuu (Ice Mountain. Belukha Non-easy mountain, it is an antenna, receiving information from space, transforming it, and spreading to the whole earth. People prepared, harmonious, in connection with Nature, can "communicate" with Belukha and "read" the information that she carries. Beluha has a harmonizing effect on a person, increasing its sensitivity and love for nature.
The famous Mystic Artist, Traveler's Artist Nikolai Konstantinovich Roerich in 1926 who visited Beluhi during his Central Asian expedition, also noted the unusual space near Beluhi. He wrote: "We saw Belukha. It was so clean and ringing. Straight links. The artist felt that there was an energy bridge between Belukha and Everest, as two cosmic antennas. "Altai - Himalayas, two poles, two magnets" - so he wrote in his diaries. Roerich made a large number of etudes in the Beluga area. And after the Beluhi visited the south side, he wrote a picture of Beluha. In 1942, Nikolai Konstantinovich wrote a picture of "Victory". In its first plan, a warrior in the ancient Russian armor, which struck the dragon. On the second - shining peaks of Beluhi. In honor of N.K. Roerich and his family members are named 
The first records about Belukha appeared over 200 years ago, when the Russian scientist and traveler P.I. Shangin in his expedition across Altai, having visited the Uymon Valley, recorded stories about Belukha hunters and prospectors.
Beluhi first managed to achieve the same in 1835 by the scientist and researcher, the doctor of the Kolyvan-Resurrection factories by Glebor Friedrich Vilgelmovich. In order to collect and study medicinal plants, he traveled a lot in Altai and in 1836, seeking to source Katun, he came up with the south to Belukha and opened the Katun glacier, subsequently named after him and the Berelsky glacier. Gebeler then rose to the southern slope to the border of the unnoticing snow, made an attempt to determine the height of the beluga. Later in his article "Comment about Katuan Mountains", Geborle says Belukha, as the highest top of the "Russian Altai".
The Siberian Researcher and Scientist, Professor of Tomsk University of Vasily Vasilyevich Sapozhnikov, who, from 1895 to 1911, was repeatedly in the Beloup area from 1895 to 1911, who, from 1895 to 1911, was repeatedly in the Beluga area with North and the South Party and discovered and described the Glacier Massifle: Glaciers Akkese , as well as their tributaries and satellites, a black glacier, Mushy (trident brothers) and several other glaciers in the headwaters of Kuchurla. In 1898, after two unsuccessful attempts in previous years, Sapozhnikov with their companions reached Beluhi saddles and measured the height of her vertices.
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Source of information and photo:
Social team
N. G. Seledtsov, N. E. Spikekova. "To help the tourist." Gorno-Altaisk, 2000
Sapozhnikov V. V. in Altai. - M.: Geographiciz, 1949. - 579 p.
Galakhov V. P., Mukhametov R. M. Altai Glackers. - Novosibirsk: Science, 1999.
http://www.altai-photo.ru/
Altai Mountains - an article from the Big Soviet Encyclopedia
Altai landscape area in the book: N. A. Govnietsky, N. I. Mikhailov. Physical geography of the USSR. M., 1978.
Golden Mountains of Altai on the website of the Foundation "Guard natural Heritage»
Murzaev E. M. Dictionary of folk geographic terms. 1st ed. - M., Thought, 1984.
Murzaev E. M. Turkic geographical names. - M., Vost. lit., 1996.
Altai // Encyclopedic Dictionary of Brockhaus and Efron: in 86 volumes (82 tons and 4 add.). - St. Petersburg., 1890-1907.
http://www.turistka.ru/altai/
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Mountains "Baranje Hrafts" are two rocks with smooth vertices that are polished by the activity of the glacier. More than 20 years ago, the glacier passed through the rocks, connecting with his right sleeve and forming a general direction.
Currently, the glacier retreated, and there appeared a waterfall between the mountains, carrying the water of the melting glacier to the actru.
Now this place is extremely popular among tourists who want to make a campaign among the picturesque nature of Altai. "Barani foreheads" are considered a difficult place for travelers, because here is a very cool rise with a crumpled crushed stone.
On the slope for the "branch foreheads" it is best to watch a very impressive spectacle - a sunny eclipse.
Mount Argamjdzhi
Argamjdzhi is a mountain peak located in Russia, in the southern part of the Altai Republic, in the south-east of the Plocheus of Ukok, three kilometers from the border with the state of Mongolia.
The absolute height of the vertex is 3.511 meters. Mountain enters the mountain system Saylyugem. The Argamji River, owned by the Alahi basin, originates on its territory. From the mountain opens great view On the tops and glaciers array array.
The slopes of the vertices are covered with tundra. The nearest settlement is the village of Belyashi (Jazzter). This territory belongs to the "Mongolian" border sector.
Mount Anytayiga
Anyatayga is a mountain that belongs to the Karlygan Ridge and enters the mountain system of Western Sayan. It is located in Russia, in the Tashtypsky district of the Republic of Khakassia.
Height mountain peak Reaching 2,834 meters above sea level. The rocky cliffs of the vertices are pronounced, they are facing west, there are no vegetation on them. From the west side, the slopes cover cedar and fir-fir forests. Aynayga is the most maximum height Mountain ridge Karlygan. Textical raising continues here, and the relief is subject to the devastating effect of wind erosion.
The earth's surface in the Altai Territory is basically flat, but there are also low mountain ranges. In the East, the Propaltai Plain is focused on the Schobmlen territory, from the south of the Osinsky, Tigretic, Cherginsky, Seminist and Baschela ridges, in the south-west is popular for travel travel Kolyvan ridge.
The earth's surface of the territory of the region is gradually rising from the North-West to the southeast. The highest point of the edge has a height of 2490 meters, it is named Shangin Light in honor of the famous researcher Altai. It is located in the Korgon's ridge in the sources of the Kumir's river.
Geology and Tectonic Mountains
The geological formation of the territory of the region took place within 2 billion years. In the north of the region, where the plain is observed in modern relief, there is a color of a young West Siberian platform or slab. In the east and south of the region there are multi-industrial tectonic structures of mountain structures.
The Earth Cora has a three-layer structure, the capacity of which under mountain structures increases and reaches 50-55 km. In the East and Southeast, the territory of the region formed Altai-Salair Folded System. In the southwest, it is conjugate with the tectonic structures of Western Altai.
In the marine and oceanic water area of \u200b\u200bthe ancient sea with a large number of island chains in a remote geological past, powerful precipitation strata were formed. Near the islands, clay, sandy and lime deposits were postponed. It is they who in the form of crystalline slates today are laying the shores and the Terektinsky ridge.
After the geological period of sedimentation, active volcanic activities began. Powerful streams of lava were introduced into sedimentary rocks and volcanogenic and sedimentary and metamorphic rocks were formed. About one and a half billion years ago, overlooking in the process of vulcanism of vulcanism formed in the process of vulcanism were formed again lime and lime-silly strata.
Silicon breeds with remnants of marine organisms, quartzites and intrusive granites, diorites and gabbro are today the rocky ledges of the Northern Fas Altai. In the relief, this is today beautiful and bizarre form of babargan and small babyrganas, Mokhnata and Sonyuhi, G. Shopping and "Four Brothers" rocks in Belokurich.
Relief Altai Gor
The relief in the Altai foothills is very diverse, lowland and partially mediterranean are concentrated here, the ancient intergoregous valleys. The low-mountainous form of relief rose in the south of the edge over the plain to 500 m, and gradually continue to the south of the middle ridges up to 2000 m.
For the lowland of the Altai Territory are characterized by essentially destroyed erosion mud-shaped ancient peaks with residual cliffs. The lowland and partially mediteralous form of relief were formed as a result of volcanism on the site of ancient plain. These relief forms are strongly dissected by the erosion of glaciers, wind and water flows.
Mountain ridges here extend from the North-West to the southeast. The destruction of them under the action of frost and heat, atmospheric precipitation, wind and flowing waters strongly dismeadges the relief of the foothills. Nature forces are destroyed, sedimentary breeds are crushed on the surface and carry them from the slopes. As a result of this process, granite, marble, porphyrites, diorite remains are exposed. From the peaks of the collapsed Mountains, the debris materials rolling with cripples and accumulate at the foot.
Minerals
The subsoil of industrial "ore altai" (Gornyak, Zmeinogorsk) are rich in ores of polymetals. They contain lead, copper, tungsten, zinc, molybdenum, precious and rare earth metals here. Salair's ridge is rich in boxcites, magnesium ores occur at the junction with the altai.
In addition to metal ores in the mountain systems of the edge of the edge in the sedimentary areas of the Ancient Sea, many deposits of building materials were formed, various types of sand, sandy-gravel mixtures, mergels, marble, clay, limestone, ornamental stones, quartzites, porphyrices, yasm.
In the foothills, the richest reserves of thermal radon waters were found in the Chergin Ridge, on the basis of which the Balneological Resort of the All-Russian Health Safety. Together with thermal waters here is used to improve mountain coniferous air, unique relief forms of the mountain church, the rock "Four Brothers", develops ethnographic and event tourism.
Climate
The climatic conditions of the foothill southern territories of the Altai Territory are moderate, continental with a large difference in the amount of sunlight and heat during the year. In winter, the territory of the pregnancy is very getting out when anticyclonal weather, in summer it is well heated.
By the number of solar radiation, the territory of the Altai Prevents is not inferior to the famous Crimean resorts of Sochi and Anapa. South in the mountain sorts cloudy becomes stronger and precipitation falls more than 800-900 mm per year. In the foothills of many days with winter snowfall, the territory is promising for the development of ski tourism.
The average temperatures are long in winter range from -15 ° C, up to -20 ° C, and in January the minimum temperature can be lowered to -50 ° C on the invasion of cold arctic air. In the summer, dry warm winds of the hair dryer with Iranian Highlands and Central Asia significantly soften the climate of the foothills. Middle July temperatures are + 18 ° C, + 20 ° C, they can increase with southern winds to + 38 ° C. Wet cyclones come Western, from the coast of the Atlantic, bring with you heavy rains with winds and thunderstorms.
For transition seasons of the year, frost and sharp cooling are characteristic of the Arctic air. Spring comes in Altai region From the south-west, with the arrival of warm winds from Kazakhstan from the foothill territories. Snow very quickly comes off with dry southwestern winds. In the fall after the first frosts, a clear warm weather is usually installed, which is called "Babi summer". After cold winds and prolonged dumped autumn rains are flown.
Hydrography
Popular territories, the spies of the Nordic Altai ridges in with an abundance of atmospheric precipitation have a thick hydrographic network. There are many abundant fresh watercourses, keys and spring, streams, mountain karst and glacial lakes.
From the slopes of Salaira take the beginning of the Suenaga River, IR, Alambai than, coneebo, Bachats, current in Yuja, and fixed in Chuck-Chuchysh and Tom Chumys. Salair water bodies maintain the hydrological regime of groundwater in the Ob-Irtysk interfluve.
According to the protected protected territory of the Tiigritskoy, the right tributaries of the Charya and the uprigue of the origins of Alya are flowing. Here is the richest in the species biological diversity of the white river pool, the rigor of the river Big Hanghar. Aniua Range is the natural natural watershed of the River Anuya and the sandy.
The Chergsky Ridge shares sand and seed basins. At the seminal ridge they take the beginning of the sandy and sema river, Emourla and Bertka, Apsmakhta and Anos. Sand and sema are rich in paint gold. The Baschelask Ridge shares the pools of the Chrysha and Anuya rivers, are far known. deep lakes Baschelak and Talitsky. In the area of \u200b\u200bthe Kolyvan Ridge, the White River, which flows into Charysh, is located the white lake and a monument of Nature Lake Savvushkino, which is often called just Kolyvan.
Nature of individual ridges
The highest peak of the Kolyvan Range in the Currian district is the mountain of blue with a height of 1210 meters. Its slopes are covered with a virgin forest, which, with a discharged air, published has a shade of Sinegorea and covered with a bluish haze. Nearby is the village of Kolyvan with the famous Stamnezen Plant.
The highest vertex of a low-threatened strongly dissected Salair in the relief is the Kit Mountain, 618 meters high. In the Altai Territory, Salayir's sangs are located in the Waterborum Basin Sara-Chumysh River. In the cursed limestones of Salair, there are many shapes of the relief of karst origin of the caves, funnels, kotlovin, dry logs and a ponor.
In the mountains of the Tiigritsky Range, the same named in 1999 is elected to preserve the richest species biological diversity of the nature of the Cherry Taiga and the forest-steppe communities of the Altai Fornings. For tourists, the Ecological trail of "Big Tigirell" will be interesting here, its length is up to 70 km, and a wonderful excursion "Mount Semi-Main".
The most popular tourist facility of the Cherginsky ridge is the mountain church with a height of 815 meters and the bizarre unusual shape of rocks on top. Rocks, crowned mountains are really similar to the dome of the Orthodox Temple, a Poklonnaya Cross is installed on the top. From the foot of the Mountain of the Balneological Resort of Belokurich on top built a funicular.
The Baschelak Ridge "Ex-AK" "White Top" has a peculiar shape resembling the relief of the Great chinese wall. Its remaining vertices in the form of a skillfully folded wall were formed as a result of the processes of wind and water erosion. Many debrid material accumulated their foot.
The northernmost peak of the seminal ridge is the handsome banquer with a height of 1008.6 meters, which is as a giant-hour-hour FAS Altai. At the top of the Babyrgana, high granite and shenitite Devonian remains and walls are of great interest for tourists. Above the mountain from time to time, local residents and guests see the vision medieval city With towers and braces.
Beluha - Samemaya high mountain Altai. The holy mountain has a lot of local names: Kadyn-Bazhi - "Top Katuna", Ak-Sura - "White Giant", Musdutuu - "Ice Mountain", Aktau - " White Mount"; Judging by the names of the Uch-Symer, Uch Suri, Ucha Iirs - "Three Snings", "Three Spiers", "Three Branches", the mountain had three vertices at the mountain. Poets, philosophers and religious thinkers will call it the "silver thread of the world", the "planetary throne", the "shield of fiery power", the "Mother of Mother's Tower", "the fortress of the diamond-primary Buddha", the "stronghold of a single God".
Scientists see primarily covered with glacier granite array, folded by the breeds of the Cambrian period. To this day, the tectonic movement continues - the uplift, which began in the Paleogen era, so that this mountain is a real museum of all kinds of geomorphological processes and relief forms. Two vertices in the form of incorrect pyramids - Eastern Beluha (4506 m) and Western Beluha (4435 m), with a decrease of up to 4000 m (t. N. Saddle of Beluhi) between them, - the Katun Range of Central Altai in the south of Western Siberia is crowned, Where the boundaries of four countries are converged: Russia, Kazakhstan, Mongolia and China. The mountain is almost sheer in the north (the so-called Akkem wall from the Akkeke Glacier) and more common from the south, where from the Katun Glacier (otherwise the Glebler glacier), originates the river Katun.
People populate the Monghore Valley of Altai from the paleolithic era (the first settlements appeared about 1.5 million years ago. In the VII-III century. BC. E. Altai inhabited Scythians, then they were changed by Huns and Sarmatians, from the middle of V. - Turks, ancestors of modern Altaians who formed a major medieval state of the Turkic Kaganat (monarchy), where, along with the Altai, the territory of Manchuria, Mongolia, Eastern and Western Turkestan, Kazakhstan and North Caucasus. In the XVII-XVIII centuries. Altai is part of the Dzungarian state, liquidated by the Qing Dynasty (China) during the Third Oratsko-Manchu War (1755-1759). In parallel, the expansion of the Russian Empire was covered, during which in 1717-1747. North, and in 1756 and South Altai became the possessions of Demidov.
The study and conquest of this not the highest, but difficult to climb and spiritually significant mountain of the world has become for many cases of honor. But only in the XX century.
Beluhi slopes on average to a height of 2600 m are covered with glaciers (currently 169, with a total area of \u200b\u200babout 150 km 2), which was reflected in the name of Belukha, that is, "white". Due to the difficulties of climbing the glacial slopes and the sacred tradition of the local population, by Belukhu, no one was decided to bring to the top for quite a long time, about which it compresses one of the encyclopedic editions of 1891. Its height was approximately calculated in 1835-1836. German doctor of medicine worked in Russia, Geographer Friedrich Augustus von Geborler (1781-1850). Before Saddle of Beluhi in 1895, the Russian botanist, geographer and traveler Vasily Vasilyevich Sapozhnikov (1861-1924), which made great accuracy in measurement.
A detailed study of the glaciers of Beluhi was already engaged in the Soviet times brothers - a glaciologist (Ice Researcher) and Climatologist Mikhail Vladimirovich (1892-1978) and Chemik Boris Vladimirovich (1891-1968). It also belongs to the honor of the first ascent on Belukha in 1914: her higher eastern vertex managed to conquer only with the third time (the first unsuccessful attempt The ascent was undertaken back in 1907 by the Russian group, and in 1909, as unsuccessful, the group of English climbers).
The white crown of the beauty of Altai captured Nikolai Konstantinovich Roerich (1874-1947) and an outstanding landscape of Altai origin Choros-Gurkin - Grigory Ivanovich Gurkin (1870-1937). On the wave of the revolution in 1917, His, as the most famous representative of indigenous nationality, persuaded the head of the Karakorum-Altai district council, and in 1919, Kolchaktsi arrested him "for separatism and treason." Released on bail, the artist hurried to escape abroad. In 1925 he persuaded him to return to Soviet Russia, where he writes pictures, draws posters and illustrates the People's Epos until 1937, until he was accused of nationalism; died in the Benches of the NKVD, rehabilitated in 1956
At the end of the XX century. Beluha turns into the center extreme Sports and tourism. Today, different climb routes are known, all of them are rock-ice.
Among animals and birds there are rare specimens, for example, a snow leopard and Berkut entered in the Red Book. Mountain, together with her ecosystem, was first announced by the nature monument of the Gorno-Altai JSC, and then the object of the UNESCO World Natural Heritage official title « ».
general information
SAMI high Point Siberia.Administrative belonging: Border Ust-Koksinsky district, Siberian Federal District, RF.
Ethnic composition: Altai (indigenous people) - most, Kazakhs - up to 6%, there are few groups of Russian Old Believers who moved more than 200 years ago.
Religions: Burukhanism (local belief with elements of Buddhism and Shamanism), Buddhism (Altai), Orthodoxy (Russians), Islam (Kazakhs).
The largest river: Katun.
The largest lakes: Kucheral, Akkese.
The largest glaciers: Glacier Sapozhnikova 10.5 km long, with an area of \u200b\u200b13.2 km 2; Large and small Bererelian glaciers 10 and 8 km long and 12.5 and 8.9 km 2.
The nearest settlements: Ust-coke village.
Distance from China and Mongolia: About 100 km.
Numbers
Eastern Belukha: 4506 m.Western Belukha: 4435 m.
Bello saddle: 4000 m.
First climb: 1914, brothers of trones.
Glaciers of the White Mountain: Quantity - 169, area - 150 km 2, 50% of all glaciers of Katunsky ridge.
Ice speed speed: from 30 to 50 m per year.
Climate and weather
Sharply continental, with short hot summer and long frosty winter. Changes in accordance with high-altitude zonality.The average annual temperature in the valley: 0 ... + 5 ° С
The average annual temperature on top: -6 ° C.
Minimum temperature on top: In winter to -45 ° C, in summer to -20 ° C.
Curious facts
■ Sophisticated cosmological representations are associated with Belukha with Tibet and India. Local residents We are confident that Belukha with Tibet connects and completely real cave moves. One of the versions, Indian mythological sacred mountain Measure (center of all universes) and there altai Belukha.■ The number three carries a symbolism important to Beluhi. It is believed that there are three religions: Christianity, Buddhism and Islam; Altai, Himalayas and Pamir are connected via Belukha; The mountain is located approximately equal distance from three oceans: a quiet, northern ice and indian.
